Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Lingang hybrid constructed wetland,Tianjin, China: occurrence,distribution characteristics,and ecological risks

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, the occurrence, spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the surface waters of the...     

Carbon price impacts on sector cost:based on an input-output model of Beijing

Under the pressure of sustained growth in energy consumption in China,the implementation of a carbon pricing mechanism is an effective economic policy measure for promoting emission reduction,as well as a hotspot of research among scholars and policy makers.In this paper,the effects of carbon prices on Beijing’s economy are analyzed using input-output tables.The carbon price costs are levied in accordance with the products’embodied carbon emission.By calculation,given the carbon price rate of 10 RMB/t-CO₂,the total carbon costs of Beijing account for approximately 0.22-0.40%of its gross revenue the same year.Among all industries,construction bears the largest carbon cost Among export sectors,the coal mining and washing industry has much higher export carbon price intensity than other industries.Apart from traditional energy-intensive industries,tertiary industry,which accounts for more than 70%of Beijing’s economy,also bears a major carbon cost because of its large economic size.However,from 2007 to 2010,adjustment of the investment structure has reduced the emission intensity in investment sectors,contributing to the reduction of overall emissions and carbon price intensity.     

Corrective measures based on pressure control strategies for CO2 geological storage in deep aquifers

A prerequisite to the wide deployment at an industrial scale of CO₂ geological storage is demonstrating that potential risks can be efficiently managed. Corrective measures in case of significant irregularities, such as CO₂ leakage, are hence required as advocated by the recent European directive on Carbon Capture and Storage operations. In this regard, the objective of the present paper is to investigate four different corrective measures aiming at controlling the overpressure induced by the injection operations in the reservoir: stopping the CO₂ injection and relying on the natural pressure recovery in the reservoir; extracting the stored CO₂ at the injection well; extracting brine at a distant well while stopping the CO₂ injection, and extracting at a distant well without stopping the CO₂ injection. The efficiency of the measures is assessed using multi-phase fluid flow numerical simulations. The application case is the deep carbonate aquifer of the Dogger geological unit in the Paris Basin. A comparative study between the four corrective measures is then carried using a cost-benefit approach. Results show that an efficient overpressure reduction can be achieved by simply shutting-in the well. The overpressure reduction can be significantly accelerated by means of fluid extraction but the adverse consequences are the associated higher costs of the intervention operations.     

电芬顿反应原理研究进展

电芬顿法作为一种新型电化学氧化技术,因其强氧化能力以及环境友好的特性引起了国内外的广泛关注.电芬顿反应通过电极产生H2O2和（或）Fe2＋,进行一系列反应生成具有强氧化能力的羟基自由基·OH.为了提高电子传递速度,产生更多芬顿试剂,国内外学者研发出不同类型的电芬顿反应器.通过分析电芬顿反应中·OH浓度与有机物浓度间的关系,大多数学者在准一级反应动力学基础上确定了反应常数,然而,目前其应用仍只停留在实验室阶段,电芬顿技术的效率及机理仍需要进一步研究改进.     

高效液相色谱三重四级杆串联质谱联用直接进样法测定饮用水水源中的阿特拉津研究

采用高效液相色谱三重质谱联用直接进样法测定地表水中的阿特拉津,样品经0.2μm滤膜过滤后直接上机测定,前处理无需消耗有机溶剂。选用SunFire C18(5μm*4.6 mm*150 mm)色谱柱,流动相为0.1%甲酸乙腈∶0.1%甲酸水=7∶3,流速为0.5 ml/min;质谱条件为电喷雾离子源(ESI+)电离,采用串联质谱多反应监测方式(MRM)检测。该法测定饮用水水源中阿特拉津的最低检出限为0.018μg/L,精密度为0.4%~1.0%,准确度为-0.2%~-6.6%,线性范围为0.5μg/L~100.0μg/L,相关系数为0.999 8,线性良好,能满足环境监测工作的实际应用。     

湿法烟气脱硫喷淋塔的阻力特性研究

以装配有自行设计的湍流装置的冷态喷淋塔为研究对象,考察了气速、喷淋量、液气比(L/G)、湍流装置垂直和水平间距对其阻力特性的影响。结果表明,当湍流装置结构形式一定时,喷淋塔的湍流层阻力(ΔP)均随气速、喷淋量和L/G的增大而增大;当气速、喷淋量、L/G一定时,湍流层阻力均随湍流装置垂直与水平间距的增大而减小。当气速、喷淋量、L/G、湍流装置垂直与水平间距分别为2.0 m/s、100 m~3/h、10 L/m~3、120 mm、120 mm时,湍流层的最小阻力为0.14 kP a;而当气速、喷淋量、L/G、湍流装置垂直与水平间距分别为3.6 m/s、240 m~3/h、25 L/m~3、90 mm、100 mm时,湍流层的最大阻力为0.62 kP a。对实验数据进行多元线性回归分析,得出该喷淋塔湍流层阻力的经验公式为ΔP=0.000 46V ~(0.724)Q~(0.930)D~(-1.860)f~(-5.480),其拟合优度与显著性良好,对工业应用具有一定的理论指导意义和实际参考价值。     

SVR与BP神经网络对小流域次降雨侵蚀产沙预测结果的比较

运用支持向量回归机(Support Vector Regression Machine)与BP神经网络对小流域次降雨侵蚀产沙进行预测.侵蚀产沙输入变量选取降雨量、降雨强度、径流深和洪峰流量模数,流域次降雨侵蚀输沙量为输出变量.以SVR、BP神经网络的预测值与实际值的绝对误差和相对误差作为评价指标.实验表明,SVR的预测精度和稳定性优于BP神经网络.     

便携式 GC-MS在快速查找污染源中的应用

由挥发性有机物（VOCs）造成的“化工异味”污染问题,已成为淄博市临淄区的主要环境问题之一。当城区或某一区域闻到“化工异味”时,能不能利用HAPSITE便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）,快速到达信访投诉问题的污染现场,通过及时、准确的取样分析,根据特征污染物及气象条件,帮助判断、查找出污染物来自哪家企业,以此敦促企业强化环境管理,明晰责任,最大限度的防止化工废气非正常排放,减少“化工异味”污染。经近一年的工作实践,当能检出一定浓度的特征污染物时,可有效帮助查找到污染源,减少了工作的盲动性与被动性。     

2008年阿左旗沙尘天气分析

本文通过对阿左旗2008年3－5月的空气总悬浮颗粒物浓度进行监测,分析该地区空气中颗粒物含量与沙尘天气状况。结果表明：根据空气总悬浮颗粒物浓度的沙尘天气分级标准,2008年3－5月大气中TSP平均浓度值分别为：0．556mg／m3,0．459mg／m3,0．395mg／m3,由3－5月总体呈现下降的趋势。阿左旗大气中TSP浓度符合国家环境空气质量二级标准。3－5月期间共发生9次沙尘天气,其中浮尘天气7次、扬沙天气2次。沙尘天气的频率以3月最高,4月其次,5月最低。