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121.
Karenina Karina Giljov Andrey de Silva Shermin Malashichev Yegor 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2018,72(2):1-12
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology - Due to the reduced conspicuousness of female signals, their evolution has traditionally been interpreted as a by-product of sexual or natural selection in... 相似文献
122.
Natural enemies exert selection pressure on their prey. Predators and parasitoids drive their prey into the evolution of novel
traits to cope with this stress. When eggs and juveniles are the target of enemies, defense strategies may rely on adults.
However, it is not easy to predict whether adults should actively protect unrelated offspring. Females of the golden egg bug
(Phyllomorpha laciniata) mainly oviposit on conspecifics of either sex. Females can also lay eggs on their food plant. Eggs placed on plants suffer
from a higher mortality caused by natural enemies than eggs carried by bugs. Females never carry their own eggs and males
are seldom related to the eggs they carry. We experimentally explored if conspecifics protect the eggs by studying the behavioral
interaction between P. laciniata individuals and the specialist egg parasitoid Gryon bolivari. All bugs exhibited active responses against parasitoids regardless of the sex of the bug, the egg load, and their mating
status. Most of the responses prevented parasitoids from reaching the eggs, and thus they reduced the risk of egg parasitization.
Although responses of bugs were effective to overcome parasitoid attacks, we suggest that egg protection against parasitoids
has evolved as a co-opted trait from a general defense of adult bugs against enemies. In this system, egg defense is not an
individual's strategy to protect the offspring, but rather a consequence of the eggs being attached to one's body. It may
also explain the low parasitization carried eggs suffer in the wild. The results further highlight the idea of conspecifics
as an enemy-free space in P. laciniata. 相似文献
123.
Noa Hourvitz Alina Kurolap Adi Mory Karina Krajden Haratz Dvora Kidron Gustavo Malinger Hagit Baris Feldman Yuval Yaron 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(10):1374-1377
A Jewish couple of mixed origin was referred for genetic counseling following termination of pregnancy at 18 weeks of gestation due to severe ventriculomegaly with aqueduct stenosis. Trio exome sequencing revealed a loss-of-function heterozygous variant in the SMARCC1 gene inherited from an unaffected mother. The SMARCC1 gene is associated with embryonic neurodevelopmental processes. Recent studies have linked perturbations of the gene with autosomal dominant congenital hydrocephalus, albeit with reduced penetrance. However, these studies were not referenced in the SMARCC1 OMIM record (*601732) and the gene was not considered, at the time, an OMIM morbid gene. Following our case and appeal, SMARCC1 is now considered a susceptibility gene for hydrocephalus. This allowed us to reclassify the variant as likely pathogenic and empowered the couple to make informed reproductive choices. 相似文献
124.
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment Combining the Drastic and Dyna-Clue Model in the Argentine Pampas 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Vulnerability assessment is considered an effective tool in establishing monitoring networks required for controlling potential
pollution. The aim of this work is to propose a new integrated methodology to assess actual and forecasted groundwater vulnerability
by including land-use change impact on groundwater quality. Land-use changes were simulated by applying a spatial dynamics
model in a scenario of agricultural expansion. Groundwater vulnerability methodology DRASTIC-P, was modifyed by adding a land-use
parameter in order to assess groundwater vulnerability within a future scenario. This new groundwater vulnerability methodology
shows the areas where agricultural activities increase the potential level of groundwater vulnerability to pollution. The
Dulce Creek Basin was the study case proposed for the application of this methodology. The study revealed that the area with
Very High vulnerability would increase 20% by the year 2020 in the Dulce Creek Basin. This result can be explained by analyzing
the land-use map simulated by the Dyna-CLUE model for the year 2020, which shows that the areas with increments in crop and
pasture coincide with the area defined by the Very High aquifer vulnerability category in the year 2020. Through scenario
analysis, land-use change models can help to identify medium or long term critical locations in the face of environmental
change. 相似文献
125.
Zarza Eugenia Diego-García Elia García Luz Verónica Castro Ricardo Mejía Gamaliel Herrera David Cuevas Raúl Palomeque Ángeles Iša Pavel Guillén Karina 《Food and environmental virology》2022,14(2):199-211
Food and Environmental Virology - The COVID-19 pandemic has been monitored by applying different strategies, including SARS-CoV-2 detection with clinical testing or through wastewater-based... 相似文献
126.
Further validation of the HPCD-technique for the evaluation of PAH microbial availability in soil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Doick KJ Clasper PJ Urmann K Semple KT 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,144(1):345-354
There is currently considerable scientific interest in finding a chemical technique capable of predicting bioavailability; non-exhaustive extraction techniques (NEETs) offer such potential. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD), a NEET, is further validated through the investigation of concentration ranges, differing soil types, and the presence of co-contaminants. This is the first study to demonstrate the utility of the HPCD-extraction technique to predict the microbial availability to phenanthrene across a wide concentration range and independent of soil-contaminant contact time (123 d). The efficacy of the HPCD-extraction technique for the estimation of PAH microbial availability in soil is demonstrated in the presence of co-contaminants that have been aged for the duration of the experiment together in the soil. Desorption dynamics are compared in co-contaminant and single-PAH contaminated spiked soils to demonstrate the occurrence of competitive displacement. Overall, a single HPCD-extraction technique proved accurate and reproducible for the estimation of PAH bioavailability from soil. 相似文献
127.
Elissa M. Olimpi Hallie Daly Karina Garcia Victoria M. Glynn David J. Gonthier Claire Kremen Leithen K. M'Gonigle Daniel S. Karp 《Conservation biology》2022,36(4):e13902
Farmland diversification practices (i.e., methods used to produce food sustainably by enhancing biodiversity in cropping systems) are sometimes considered beneficial to both agriculture and biodiversity, but most studies of these practices rely on species richness, diversity, or abundance as a proxy for habitat quality. Biodiversity assessments may miss early clues that populations are imperiled when species presence does not imply persistence. Physiological stress indicators may help identify low-quality habitats before population declines occur. We explored how avian stress indicators respond to on-farm management practices and surrounding seminatural area (1-km radius) across 21 California strawberry farms. We examined whether commonly used biodiversity metrics correlate with stress responses in wild birds. We used ∼1000 blood and feather samples and body mass and wing chord measurements, mostly from passerines, to test the effects of diversification practices on four physiological stress indicators: heterophil to lymphocyte ratios (H:L), body condition, hematocrit values, and feather growth rates of individual birds. We then tested the relationship between physiological stress indicators and species richness, abundance, occurrence, and diversity derived from 285 bird point count surveys. After accounting for other biological drivers, landscape context mediated the effect of local farm management on H:L and body condition. Local diversification practices were associated with reduced individual stress in intensive agricultural landscapes but increased it in landscapes surrounded by relatively more seminatural area. Feathers grew more slowly in landscapes dominated by strawberry production, suggesting that nutritional condition was lower here than in landscapes with more crop types and seminatural areas. We found scant evidence that species richness, abundance, occurrence, or diversity metrics were correlated with the individual's physiological stress, suggesting that reliance on these metrics may obscure the impacts of management on species persistence. Our findings underscore the importance of considering landscape context when designing local management strategies to promote wildlife conservation. 相似文献
128.
Flores-Solrzano Samia B. Huerta-Lwanga Esperanza Cuevas-Gonzlez Ral Guilln-Navarro Karina 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(2):801-810
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Compost and vermicompost extracts represent an alternative to synthetic fertilizers and pesticides because of their beneficial effects on plants.... 相似文献