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561.
Biosorption properties of arsenate [As(V)] onto activated sludge were investigated in batch systems. The adsorption of As(V)
onto sludge increased from 23 to 266 μg/g dry weight through the methylation of the activated sludge. This increase resulted
from neutralization of carboxylic groups via the methylation process. The pH effect of As(V) uptake was also investigated
and As(V) adsorption by methylated sludge decreased significantly at high pH (pH > 11) due to competition between As(V) and
OH− ions for binding sites distributed on sludge surfaces. In contrast, low pH favored As(V) adsorption by methylated sludge
because of the elevated quantities of positively charged functional groups. The results suggest that methylated activated
sludge may provide promising applications for the simultaneous removal and separation of As(V) from aqueous effluents. 相似文献
562.
Suk Shin Kim 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2014,27(5):735-748
This study compares and analyzes separate court rulings in three countries on “mini-cup jelly” (a firm jelly containing konjac and packaged in bite-sized plastic cups) from a food ethics perspective. While the Korean and US courts decided that the mini-cup jelly was defective, and that the manufacturers or importers were liable for damages in these cases, the Japanese court took an opposing stance in favor of the manufacturer. However, from an absolute and fundamental viewpoint, the jelly was unacceptable, ethically as well as legally, because it was unsafe, unwholesome, and unfit for children’s consumption. I argue that the ignoring or sidelining of fundamental principles of food ethics, especially “respect for life,” was at the core of these cases. If the manufacturers and importers had considered and prioritized the principles of food ethics over and above big sales and profits, the choking accidents could have been prevented. To conclude, it is very important to minimize risks by applying the principles of food ethics at the outset before any accidents can occur. 相似文献
563.
Avian influenza and foot-and-mouth disease are two main contagious pathogenic viral disease which are responsible for the massive burials of livestock in Korea since burial is the primary measure to control these outbreaks. Biosecurity is a set of preventive measures designed to prevent the risk of spreading of these infectious diseases. The main objective of this paper is to discuss about the requirements of biosecurity and develop protocol outlines for environmental management of burial sites in Korea. Current practice prescribes to minimize the potential for on-farm pollution and the spread of the infectious diseases. Specific biosecurity procedures such as proper assessment of leachate quality, safe handling and disposal of leachate, adequate leachate pollution monitoring, necessary seasonal management of burial site, and appropriate sterilization process must be carried out to prevent the indirect transmission of pathogens from the burial sites. Policy makers should acquire robust knowledge of biosecurity for establishing more effective future legislation for carcasses disposal in Korea. 相似文献
564.
Kim Ha-Seog Kim Byoungil Kim Kee-Seog Kim Jin-Man 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(2):968-976
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study was conducted with the aim to chemically remove the cement paste attached to the aggregate surface using acidic substances. Sulfuric and... 相似文献
565.
Wonkyeong Kang Ik-hyeon Kim Tae-jin Lee Ki-yeon Kim Daekeun Kim 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(6):1006-1011
Swine manure was subjected to laboratory scale composting in order to quantify bioaerosols, i.e., airborne culturable bacteria and endotoxin, in the exhaust gas, which provided details on the effect of temperature on bacterial emissions. The concentration of airborne bacteria reached 31,250 colony-forming units (CFU)/m3 during the thermophilic stage of composting, and positively correlated with the temperature profile of the compost pile. Initially, the endotoxin concentration was 1820 endotoxin units (EU)/m3, but it decreased exponentially as the composting process proceeded. The temperature can be an excellent indicator of bacterial emissions during the composting process, indicating that the composting process requires a consistently high temperature to ensure sanitization of both compost and bacterial emissions. The cumulative emission data showed that emission factors was 11.2?13.5 CFU/g dry swine manure and that of endotoxin was 0.5?0.9 EU/g dry swine manure. The bacterial diversity in the bioaerosol was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, revealing the presence of various gram-negative bacterial consortia. 相似文献
566.
Choi Eunhwa Kim Seunghwan Mam Sarith Gautam Arjun Bhandari Ravi Kim Jae Young 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(6):2307-2317
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Maize straw- and rice husk-derived biochars were produced in a simple metal kiln without automated control. Their characteristics and effects on... 相似文献
567.
Absolute dominance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens in full-scale anaerobic sewage sludge digesters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is gaining increasing attention due to the ability to covert organic pollutants into energy-rich biogas and, accordingly, growing interest is paid to the microbial ecology of AD systems. Despite extensive efforts, AD microbial ecology is still limitedly understood, especially due to the lack of quantitative information on the structures and dynamics of AD microbial communities. Such knowledge gap is particularly pronounced in sewage sludge AD processes although treating sewage sludge is among the major practical applications of AD. Therefore, we examined the microbial communities in three full-scale sewage sludge digesters using qualitative and quantitative molecular techniques in combination: denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eight out of eleven bacterial sequences retrieved from the DGGE analysis were not affiliated to any known species while all eleven archaeal sequences were assigned to known methanogen species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that, based on the 16S rRNA gene abundance, the hydrogenotrophic order Methanomicrobiales is the most dominant methanogen group (〉 94% of the total methanogen population) in all digesters. This corresponds well to the prevailing occurrence of the DGGE bands related to Methanolinea and Methanospirillum, both belonging to the order Methanomicrobiales, in all sludge samples. It is therefore suggested that hydrogenotrophic methanogens, especially Methanomicrobiales strains, are likely the major players responsible for biogas production in the digesters studied. Our observation is contrary to the conventional understanding that aceticlastic methanogens generally dominate methanogen communities in stable AD environments, suggesting the need for further studies on the dominance relationship in various AD systems. 相似文献
568.
Phule Ajit Dattatray Choi Joo Hong Kim Jin Hyoung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(26):34009-34016
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in fuel from the stationary as well as from mobile sources primarily from power stations, industrial heaters,... 相似文献
569.
Abd Ammar Ali Othman Mohd Roslee Kim Jinsoo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43329-43364
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The atmosphere security and regulation of climate change are being continuously highlighted as a pressing issue. The crisis of climate change owing to... 相似文献
570.
Kim Bronsgeest Eline E. R. Lust Lidewij Henneman Neeltje Crombag Caterina M. Bilardo Daphne Stemkens Robert-Jan H. Galjaard Esther Sikkel Sanne H. van der Hout Mireille N. Bekker Monique C. Haak 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(7):873-880