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41.
Hashmi Shujahat Haider Fan Hongzhong Fareed Zeeshan Shahzad Farrukh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(11):13404-13424
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The rapid urbanization growth has not only improved the living standards of people but also raised concerns for environmental sustainability over the... 相似文献
42.
Ali Nadeem Eqani Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah Nazar Ehtisham Alhakamy Nabil A. Rashid Muhammad Imtiaz Shahzad Khurram Zeb Jahan Shen Heqing Ismail Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim Albar Hussain Mohammed Salem Ali 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(11):13288-13299
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, occurrence of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) is reported in rural and urban household dust (floor and AC filter dust) of the Kingdom... 相似文献
43.
Shuang Liang Lianfa Song Guihe Tao Kiran Arun Kekre Harry Seah 《Water environment research》2006,78(8):857-863
Membrane fouling is a primary concern in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in wastewater treatment because it strongly affects both system stability and economic feasibility. A mathematical model was developed in this study for membrane fouling in submerged MBR systems for wastewater treatment, in which both reversible and irreversible fouling were quantified. While mixed liquor suspended solids are the major components of the reversible fouling layer, dissolved organic matter is thought to be the key foulant, in particular, responsible for the long-term irreversible fouling of the filtration unit. The model was calibrated (parameter identification) with a set of operational data from a pilot MBR and then verified with other independent operational data from the MBR. The good agreement between theoretical predictions and operational data demonstrates that the outlined modeling concept can be successfully applied to describe membrane fouling in submerged MBR systems. 相似文献
44.
Kiran Dhakal Gopi S. Gadupudi Hans-Joachim Lehmler Gabriele Ludewig Michael W. Duffel Larry W. Robertson 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16277-16290
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a group of 209 congeners that differ in the number and position of chlorines on the biphenyl ring, are anthropogenic chemicals that belong to the persistent organic pollutants (POPs). For many years, PCBs have been a topic of interest because of their biomagnification in the food chain and their environmental persistence. PCBs with fewer chlorine atoms, however, are less persistent and more susceptible to metabolic attack, giving rise to chemicals characterized by the addition of one or more hydroxyl groups to the chlorinated biphenyl skeleton, collectively known as hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs). In animals and plants, this biotransformation of PCBs to OH-PCBs is primarily carried out by cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases. One of the reasons for infrequent detection of lower chlorinated PCBs in serum and other biological matrices is their shorter half-lives, and their metabolic transformation, resulting in OH-PCBs or their conjugates, such as sulfates and glucuronides, or macromolecule adducts. Recent biomonitoring studies have reported the presence of OH-PCBs in human serum. The occurrence of OH-PCBs, the size of this group (there are 837 mono-hydroxyl PCBs alone), and their wide spectra of physical characteristics (pKa’s and log P’s ranging over 5 to 6 orders of magnitude) give rise to a multiplicity of biological effects. Among those are bioactivation to electrophilic metabolites that can form covalent adducts with DNA and other macromolecules, interference with hormonal signaling, inhibition of enzymes that regulate cellular concentrations of active hormones, and interference with the transport of hormones. This new information creates an urgent need for a new perspective on these often overlooked metabolites. 相似文献
45.
Kiran Liversage Victoria J. Cole Christopher D. McQuaid Ross A. Coleman 《Marine Biology》2012,159(12):2777-2786
Patchy distributions within landscapes may be caused by migration in response to different types of habitat patches. Intertidal boulder fields are landscapes in which boulders are discrete habitat patches, often with chitons attached to their under-surfaces. Chiton densities and associations with patch edges differed between boulders overlying coarse- versus fine-sediment types, with greater densities occurring over fine sediments. We tested whether adult migration caused between-boulder distributions by measuring immigration and emigration following experimental replacement of coarse sediments with fine sediment under boulders. We also assessed whether the manipulations altered chiton positions relative to patch edges, and large-scale generality was tested by including data from two continents. The manipulations did not influence the association of chitons with edges or amounts of emigration, but chitons did display positive density-dependent immigration that mirrored their distributional patterns, indicating the importance of immigration. Strikingly, all results were consistent between continents despite involving different species and even genera of chitons. By using boulder fields as a small-scale, easily manipulated landscape, we show that, even in sedentary organisms, patchy distributions within landscapes can be caused by migration alone, without the need to invoke mortality or larval recruitment. 相似文献
46.
Shabbir Malik Shahzad Wisdom Okere 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(32):39946-39957
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The primary objective of this research is to ascertain the relationship between corporate social responsibility, environmental investments and... 相似文献
47.
Vikas Eknath Mahajan Raju Ravindra Yadav Narayan Purushottam Dakshinkar Vinod Madanlal Dhoot Gautam Ramkrishna Bhojane Madhura Kiran Naik Preeti Shrivastava Pravin Krishnarao Naoghare Kannan Krishnamurthi 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(12):7365-7372
Cattle grazing nearby coal-fired power stations are exposed to fly ash. The present investigation aims to assess the environmental and health impacts of fly ash containing mercury emitted from thermal power plant. The health effect of fly ash were studied using 20 lactating cattle reared within a 5-km radius of s thermal power plant for the possible effect of fly ash such as the alterations in hematological and biochemical parameters of blood, milk, and urine. Results indicated that the hemoglobin levels (6.65?±?0.40?g/dl) were significantly reduced in all the exposed animals. Biochemical parameters viz., blood urea nitrogen (27.35?±?1.19?mg/dl), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (43.39?±?3.08?IU/l), albumin, and creatinine were found to be increased, whereas serum glutamate pyruvic transaminase (29.26?±?2.02) and Ca2+ were observed to be statistically insignificant in exposed animals. Mercury concentrations estimated in the blood, milk, and urine of exposed (n?=?20) and control (n?=?20) animals were 7.41?±?0.86, 4.75?±?0.57, 2.08?±?0.18, and 1.05?±?0.07, 0.54?±?0.03, 0.20?±?0.02?μg/kg, respectively. The significant increase (P?<?0.01) in the levels of mercury in blood, milk, and urine of exposed animals in comparison to control indicated that the alterations of biochemical parameters in exposed cattle could be due to their long term exposure to fly ash mercury which may have direct or indirect impact on human populations via food chain. 相似文献
48.
Houria Djoudi Bruno Locatelli Chloe Vaast Kiran Asher Maria Brockhaus Bimbika Basnett Sijapati 《Ambio》2016,45(3):248-262
Climate change and related adaptation strategies have gender-differentiated impacts. This paper reviews how gender is framed in 41 papers on climate change adaptation through an intersectionality lens. The main findings show that while intersectional analysis has demonstrated many advantages for a comprehensive study of gender, it has not yet entered the field of climate change and gender. In climate change studies, gender is mostly handled in a men-versus-women dichotomy and little or no attention has been paid to power and social and political relations. These gaps which are echoed in other domains of development and gender research depict a ‘feminization of vulnerability’ and reinforce a ‘victimization’ discourse within climate change studies. We argue that a critical intersectional assessment would contribute to unveil agency and emancipatory pathways in the adaptation process by providing a better understanding of how the differential impacts of climate change shape, and are shaped by, the complex power dynamics of existing social and political relations. 相似文献
49.
Babu SH Kumar KS Suvardhan K Kiran K Rekha D Krishnaiah L Janardhanam K Chiranjeevi P 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,128(1-3):241-249
A procedure was developed for the determination of Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and Mo in water samples by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) after preconcentration on a morpholine dithiocarbamate (mor-DTC) supported by
bagasse (Saccharam aphisinaram). The sorbed elements were subsequently eluted with 4,M HNO3 and the acid eluates were analysed by ICP–AES. The influence of various parameters such as pH, flow rate of sample, eluent
concentration, volume of the sample and volume of eluent were investigated to enhance the sensitivity of the present method.
A 20,mL disposable syringe served as preconcentration column. Under the optimal conditions Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and
Mo in aqueous sample was concentrated about 100-fold. The sorption recoveries of elements were higher than 99.6%. The method
is also applied for the analysis of natural and spiked water samples. 相似文献
50.
Shahzad Tahir Shah Syed Tahir Hussain Rais Syed Imran Mansoor Abdul Zaman Khalid 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(35):52635-52654
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recent environmental research has found that people with higher incomes and in more developed countries are more willing to pay (WTP) to protect their... 相似文献