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排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Arpita Bhowmik Koji Ishimura Kohei Nakamura Kazuhiro Takamizawa 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2012,14(3):212-219
We showed the cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE) dechlorination ability of Clostridium species DC-1 in association with other bacteria. Result of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed the dominant band pattern of DC-1 during the degradation time of cis-1,2-DCE and dominance of some other Clostridium species. Experiment with addition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) showed that dechlorinating activity of DC-1 was not inhibited by the presence of E. coli. Pour plate experiment with DC-1 and E. coli revealed that the dominance of Clostridium species caused the decrease of E. coli growth in a bioremediation state. This result suggested the possibility of Clostridium species DC-1 as a degrader of cis-1,2-DCE, in a cis-1,2-DCE contaminated site where an indigenous microbial community is present. Experiment conducting with E. coli suggested that the strain in the contaminated site did not inhibit the degradation of cis-1,2-DCE and during the degradation period, rather some other Clostridium species became dominant and the growth of E. coli would be decreased. This finding could be a very positive approach for implementing the dechlorinating bacteria at aliphatic chlorinated component contaminated sites. 相似文献
12.
Otosaka S Amano H Ito T Kawamura H Kobayashi T Suzuki T Togawa O Chaykovskaya EL Lishavskaya TS Novichkov VP Karasev EV Tkalin AV Volkov YN 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2006,91(3):128-145
Distributions of anthropogenic radionuclides ((90)Sr, (137)Cs and (239+240)Pu) in seabed sediment in the Japan Sea were collected during the period 1998-2002. Concentration of (90)Sr, (137)Cs and (239+240)Pu in seabed sediment was 0.07-1.6 Bq kg(-1), 0.4-9.1 Bq kg(-1) and 0.002-1.9 Bq kg(-1), respectively. In the northern basin of the sea (Japan Basin), (239+240)Pu/(137)Cs ratios in seabed sediment were higher and their variation was smaller compared to that in the southeastern regions of the sea. The higher (239+240)Pu/(137)Cs ratios throughout the Japan Basin were considered to reflect production of Pu-enriched particles in the surface layer and substantial sinking of particulate materials in this region. In the southern regions of the Japan Sea (<38 degrees N), both inventories and (239+240)Pu/(137)Cs ratios in sediment were larger than those in the other regions. In the southern Japan Sea, observations suggested that supply of particulate radionuclides by the Tsushima Warm Current mainly enhanced accumulation of the radionuclides in this region. 相似文献
13.
Physico-chemical characteristics of some river and hand-dug well waters used for drinking and domestic purposes in the oil
rich Niger Delta area of Nigeria were assessed using standard methods. The concentrations of the parameters in the river water
samples ranged in the following order: pH (5.6–6.9), temperature (26.90–28.60°C), turbidity (23–63 NTU), electrical conductivity
(52–184 μs/cm), DO (5.4–7.2 mg/l), BOD (21–57 mg/l), TDS (6.0–217 mg/l), PO4
3− (0.19–1.72 mg/l), SO4
2− (25–36.8 mg/l), NO3
− (20.3–28 mg/l), Fe (6.07–15.71 mg/l), Zn (0.04–0.24 mg/l), Pb (0.01–0.17 mg/l), Ni (0.01–0.13 mg/l), Vn (0.01–0.20 mg/l)
and Hg (0.001–0.002 mg/l). The concentrations of these parameters in the hand-dug well water ranged in the following order:
pH (5.7–6.8) temperature (26–30°C), turbidity (134–171 NTU), electrical conductivity (160–340 μs/cm), DO (5.4–6.4 mg/l), BOD
(13–34 mg/l), TDS (110–190 mg/l), PO4
3− (0.84–1.84 mg/l), SO4
2− (10.6–28.1 mg/l), NO3
− (11.3–23 mg/l), Fe (13.17–16.31 mg/l), Ni (0.01–0.02 mg/l), Vn (0.01–0.04 mg/l) and Hg (0.001–0.004 mg/l). The concentrations
of BOD, turbidity, NO3
− and Fe in the water samples were above WHO and FMENV permissible limits for safe drinking water. The results suggest that
the use of such waters for drinking and domestic purposes pose a serious threat to the health of the users and calls for the
intervention of government agencies. 相似文献
14.
Sasai Ryo Fujimura Takuya Uesugi Ryohei Aketo Tsuyoshi Komatsu Kohei 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(1):389-395
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - To cater to the increasing demand for secondary lithium-ion batteries, the recovery of valuable metal species in spent batteries is increasingly... 相似文献
15.
16.
Gynandromorphy, or the development of organisms with a combination of male and female morphological features, is common in
Hymenoptera. The underlying mechanism is likely associated with the sex-determination system, and studying this phenomenon
should lead to a deeper understanding of both embryonic development and sex determination. The reproductive capabilities of
gynandromorphs (hereafter, sex mosaics) remain unclear. We studied gynandromorphy in the Malaysian ant Cardiocondyla kagutsuchi, which has sex mosaics of queens (gynandromorphs; mosaic of queens and winged male) and workers (ergatandromorphs; mosaic
of worker and wingless ergatoid male). These sex mosaics were classified into seven morphological categories. Most individuals
had more male than female body areas. Behavioral observations revealed that sex mosaics behave more in accordance with the
“sex” of their brain than that of the reproductive organs (gaster). Relative DNA quantities showed that both female and male
regions contained haploid and diploid nuclei, irrespective of their phenotypic appearance, indicating that external appearance
did not reflect internal tissues. Nearly one third of the adults were sex mosaics and they were not infected with Wolbachia. Our results suggest that the production of sex mosaics in this species does not pose a substantial cost to colonies and
that the underlying causes are therefore not strongly selected against. 相似文献
17.
Masae Shiyomi Tsuyoshi AkiyamaShiping Wang YiruhanAilikun Yoshimichi HoriZuozhong Chen Taisuke YasudaKensuke Kawamura Yasuo Yamamura 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(13):2073-2083
The natural grassland ecosystem of the Xilingol steppe has traditionally been the source of the most productive and highest quality agriculture in northern China. Unfortunately, the area is now experiencing degradation due to resource overuse. In an attempt to forecast grassland production and to sustain the ecosystem, we built a time-dependent simulation model of the ecosystem based on long-range weather forecasts (several weeks to several months). The model incorporated five state variables including above- and belowground biomass, the amount of standing dead plant material, livestock (sheep) weight, and the amount of excrement per unit ground area. Within the model, solar light energy is fixed by grassland vegetation and flows through the other variables via a variety of organism-environment interactions. The model was written using a set of simultaneous differential equations and was numerically analyzed. The values of the time-dependent parameters controlling energy flow were determined based on data accumulated in experiments and field surveys executed at a grassland experimental station located in Xilingol, as well as by reference to related literature. We used daily meteorological data including air temperature and rainfall recorded at the Xilinhot Meteorological Observatory. Simulated results for several stocking densities coincided well with the data of aboveground plant biomass observed at the experimental station in 1990, 1993, and 1997. We obtained reasonable simulation results for five stocking densities, three air temperature patterns, and five rainfall patterns. When a month-long drought, which sometimes occurs in this area, was forecast by a local weather station, a decrease in grassland production was forecast by the model. Such forecasts will assist in the management of livestock, forage preservation, and grassland conservation. 相似文献
18.
A new index for evaluating compost maturity was developed based on a germination test of Komatsuna seeds using water extract from compost. Several compost samples were collected from a kitchen-garbage composting plant to determine an index to evaluate compost maturity. Firstly, some extraction conditions for extracting compost ingredients with water were evaluated using the time course of total organic carbon concentration in water extract. The water temperature of 60?°C, periodic mixing, and extraction period >1 were selected. Secondly, applying these conditions, the germination test was performed using the water extract solutions at several dilution ratios. The relationship between the germination rate and the dilution ratio was expressed using a logistic regression curve. The dilution ratio to give a germination rate of 0.5, defined as DG50, was calculated with the parameters of the curve. Compared with other maturity indices, DG50 was the most effective. Moreover, it has a unique feature in that maturity is quantified even for the compost from which water extract results in a germination rate of 0. This feature can be used to compare the maturity of different kinds of composts and quantify the change in the levels of inhibitory substances in a composting process. 相似文献
19.
Hongxia Liu Kimitaka Kawamura Bhagawati Kunwar Junji Cao Jiaquan Zhang Changlin Zhan 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2019,69(4):513-526
PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) samples were collected in Huangshi, central China, from March 2012 to February 2013 and were analyzed for dicarboxylic acids (diacids) and related compounds (DARCs). Oxalic acid (C2; 416 ng m?3) was the most abundant species, followed by phthalic (Ph; 122 ng m?3), terephthalic (tPh; 116 ng m?3), succinic (C4; 70.4 ng m?3), azelaic (C9; 67.9 ng m?3), and adipic (C6; 57.8 ng m?3) acids. Relatively high abundances of Ph and tPh differed from the distribution in urban and marine aerosols, indicating contributions from nearby anthropogenic sources. Glyoxylic acid (ωC2; 41.4 ng m?3) was the dominant oxoacid, followed by 9-oxononanoic (ωC9; 40.8 ng m?3) and pyruvic (Pyr; 24.1 ng m?3) acids. Glyoxal (Gly; 35.5 ng m?3) was the dominant α-dicarbonyl. Highest average concentrations were found for C2, ωC2, and C9 in autumn, for C4, for Pyr and C6 in spring, for Ph, ωC9, and Gly in summer, whereas the lowest values were observed in winter. Seasonal variations and correlation coefficients of DARCs demonstrate that both primary emissions and secondary production are important sources. Principal component analysis of selected DARCs species suggests that a mixing of air masses from anthropogenic and biogenic sources contribute to the Huangshi aerosols.
Implications: Both primary emissions and secondary production are important sources of diacids and related compounds in PM2.5 from Huangshi, central China. Principal component analysis of selected diacids in Huangshi aerosols suggests that mixing of air masses from anthropogenic and biogenic sources contribute to ambient aerosols in central China. 相似文献
20.
Yasundo Kurata Yoichi Watanabe Yusaku Ono Kiyoshi Kawamura 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2005,7(1):38-47
We investigated the concentrations of wood preservatives in the wood chips produced in wood-waste processing facilities in 1988, 1998–1999, and 2001–2002. Among the wood preservatives used in the past in Japan, halophenols, including PCP, chlordane, and chlorpyrifos, had comparatively high detection rates and high average concentrations in the wood chips produced in 2001–2002. Aldrin and endrin were rarely detected, and DDT was already in low concentrations in those wood chips. Although several types of wood preservative were contained in the wood chips, their concentration levels depended on the sources of the wood wastes. In chips produced from wooden pallets, wooden forms for concrete working, or wood discarded from nondemolition sources, no organochlorine wood preservatives were detected, and chlorpyrifos and chlorophenols were detected at one order of magnitude lower than the average concentrations in chips produced from wood wastes discarded in house demolitions. 相似文献