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641.
Specimens of Loripes lucinalis (Lucinidae) living in reducing sediments were collected near a sewage outfall at low tide on the Moulin Blanc beach, Brest, France, from January to March 1987. Electron microscope studies revealed numerous Gram-negative-type bacteria in the gill cells. Ribulosebiphosphate carboxylase, a diagnostic enzyme of the Calvin-Benson cycle of CO2-fixation was measured only in the gill extracts. Various tissues of L. lucinalis were examined for activity of APS reductase, (EC 1.8.99.2), ATP sulphurylase (EC 2.7.7.4) and rhodanese (EC 2.8.1.1), enzymes involved in sulphide oxidation. APS reductase was only found in symbiont-containing tissues, i.e., gills. These enzymatic studies characterise the symbionts as chemoautotrophic sulphide-oxidizing bacteria. Histoautoradiography demonstrated that part of the carbon dioxide fixed by symbiotic bacteria in the gills is translocated to symbiont-free tissues of the bivalve. The ultrastructure of the gill is detailed and a nomenclature based on established and new terminology is proposed to describe the various cellular types comprising the gill filament. 相似文献
642.
P. Poulain S. Odent I. Maire J. Milon J. F. Proudhon H. Jouan B. Le Marec 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(9):864-867
In a 20-year-old primiparous patient, a routine ultrasound scan performed at 28 weeks revealed fetal ascites, bilateral talipes, and oligohydramnios. This woman, married to possibly her first cousin, was at risk for an autosomal recessive disease, a metabolic disorder. At 29 weeks, an amniotic fluid biochemical study revealed the presence of an abnormal band of free sialic acid, leading to a diagnosis of a congenital form of sialic acid storage disease. Termination of pregnancy was performed at 30 weeks. Measurement of free sialic acid in cultured fetal skin fibroblasts confirmed the diagnosis. 相似文献
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T. Le Campion-Alsumard J.-C. Romano M. Peyrot-Clausade J. Le Campion R. Paul 《Marine Biology》1993,115(4):685-693
The calcium carbonate budget of coral reefs is the result of the interaction of the processes of calcification and biological degradation, and is reflected in the chemical properties of the seawater overlying the reefs. A series of experiments at Moorea Island (French Polynesia) in 1988 monitored the diurnal and nocturnal variations in the chemical properties of seawater under field and laboratory conditions. Our results revealed that in the study area (Tiahura barrier reef flat), the calcium carbonate budget varied over space and time as a function of location in the water current. Two in-situ sites were investigated; one was situated 100 m from the algal crest of the barrier reef, the other 300 m further downstream. As a result of cumulative upstream events, the daily net calcification was ten times higher at the downstream (5.22 gm-2 d-1) than at the upstream (0.45 gm-2 d-1) site. The carbonate uptake by in situ Porites lobata in enclosures (8 kgm-2 yr-1) was ten times higher than the uptake by the whole community in the surrounding water (0.8 kgm-2 yr-1) and five times higher than that recorded for P. lobata in laboratory experiments (1.4 kgm-2 yr-1), where illumination levels were 10% of in situ levels. In laboratory experiments, the planktonic fraction of the seawater had no perceptible influence on the calcium carbonate budget. In the absence of bioeroders, living coral totally depleted the carbonate content of the seawater (3.7 gm-2d-1). Bioerosive organisms played an important role in restoring this calcium carbonate; e.g. sea urchins grazing on algal turf covering dead coral ingested CaCO3 and released this as a carbonate powder (1.26 gm-2d-1); a form of carbonate which is extremely accessible to chemical dissolution. 相似文献
645.
J. P. Moatti C. Le Gales C. Julian J. P. Durbec J. F. Mattei Dr. S. Ayme 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(5):313-325
The article presents the results of a 4-month-period survey by questionnaire among all women attending the Marseille Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis for amniocentesis. Socio-cultural status of women getting access to amniocentesis is significantly higher than in the general population of pregnant women in the same geographic area of south-eastern France. Sociocultural status is also higher among women who have to cover costs of procedure to get access to amniocentesis than among those who benefit from it free-of-charge according to French Social Security regulations. In contrast, risk perception and attitudes toward termination of pregnancy are similar in these two groups. A total of 24·4 per cent of respondents declared that they got access to amniocentesis ‘on their own initiative’, the remaining 75·6 per cent declaring that they ‘were following medical advice’. Multidimensional analysis shows that the women who do not benefit from free-of-charge amniocentesis, and who have a high level of education and no antecedents of fetal and perinatal deaths, are more likely to perceive themselves as ‘self-referring’. The study indicates that institutional coverage may be effective in reducing socio-cultural inequities in access to prenatal diagnosis. But such a policy may conflict with the respect of women' s individual autonomy in the amniocentesis decision. 相似文献
646.
Coca, once grown for local consumption in the Andes, is now produced for external markets, often in areas with armed conflict. Internationally financed eradication campaigns force traffickers and growers to constantly relocate, making drug-related activities a principal cause of forest loss. The impact on biodiversity is known only in general terms, and this article presents the first regional analysis to identify areas of special concern, using bird data as proxy. The aim of conserving all species may be significantly constrained in the Santa Marta and Perijá mountains, Darién, some parts of the Central Andes in Colombia, and between the middle Mara?ón and middle Huallaga valleys in Peru. Solutions to the problem must address the root causes: international drug markets, long-lasting armed conflict, and lack of alternative income for the rural poor. 相似文献
647.
海洋容纳和消化污染物是有限的,而我们继续排放污染却是长久的,为了子孙后代和人类的可持续发展,应该从现在就在海洋能够自净的基础上控制污染物的排放。并且要认识到污染物在海洋中会损害和破坏海洋生态环境,也会影响到人类自身的生存安全。大海是人类最后的退路,保护海洋环境就是保护人类自己。大海不是没有被污染,而是正在被加速地污染。 相似文献
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