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281.
Integrated measures for preservation, restoration and improvement of the environmental conditions of the Lagoon Olho d'Agua basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Lagoon Olho d'Agua in Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil has received increasing environmental concern due to significant stress from pollution in the catchment. The existing environmental problems are the result of great pressure from a broad range of human activities, especially in the last 10 years. Serious pollution exists mainly from some industrial and urban activities, which increased intensively after the eighties. There is a strong social and economical pressure for housing and construction near the lagoon, due to the available land nearby beaches and estuarine zone, and recently by growing tourism activities. Uncontrolled land use by low-income communities and the pressure for construction by developers have led to landfilling and to deterioration of water quality in the lagoon catchment. Improvement of the environmental conditions in the catchment needs integrated measures. Guidelines and some specific actions involving several institutions have been established and refer to sanitation and urban infrastructure as the main priorities. A main target is the construction of low-cost sewage system with smaller and decentralised treatment plants. 相似文献
282.
The "Henze solution", derived originally from the aqueous extraction of pelleted whole blood from the ascidian Phallusia mammillata, was examined using spectral studies. The aqueous extraction of fractionated blood cells including compartment cells, signet
ring cells, and morula cells obtained using cell separation techniques were also examined. It was found that this Henze solution,
and the Henze precipitate itself derived from this solution, emanated solely from the morula cells. Furthermore, it was found
that this solution is formed independently of the vanadium metal ions otherwise associated with the vanadocytes. Observation
of the Henze precipitate by light microscopy shows that this material partially forms crystallites or microglasses.
Received: 27 July 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 28 February 2000 相似文献
283.
Th. A. de Boer 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1983,3(3-4):375-380
Composition of the vegetation and the properties of its environment are related, as was shown by research. In these, mostly statistical-correlative studies, both the vegetation and some growth factors, such as plant nutrients and moisture supply were analyzed and studied on interdependence. At present the environmental conditions can be estimated in the field from the floristic composition with regard to differences both in the combination of plant species and in their relative biomass production. With a vegetation survey the spatial pattern of the different environmental conditions can be indicated. For instance, the places where moisture supply gradients occur can be detected, also a better understanding is obtained of the environmental equalization and the decreasing number of plant species and spatial diversity. Conclusions can be drawn about changes in the vegetation to be expected, from the combined occurrence of, a terrestrial vegetation indicating an eutrofied environment and a water vegetation indicating a relatively oligotrophic environment. By comparing vegetation recordings of the past and present, environmental changes that have occurred in the same place can be indicated. By vegetations situated in different places in relation with soil profile properties the consequences of environmental changes can be predicted. For instance, lowering of the ground water table and intensifying the agricultural use. On the other hand, measures can be suggested to increase the biological value of land and water, for instance, indication of seepage areas and floristically rich areas in the field. 相似文献
284.
285.
286.
Rachèl V. van Schendel G. C. Page-Christiaens Lean Beulen Catia M. Bilardo Marjon A. de Boer Audrey B. C. Coumans Brigitte H. Faas Irene M. van Langen Klaske D. Lichtenbelt Merel C. van Maarle Merryn V. E. Macville Dick Oepkes Eva Pajkrt Lidewij Henneman for the Dutch NIPT Consortium 《黑龙江环境通报》2016,36(12):1091-1098
287.
Halina Szejnwald Brown Martin de Jong David L. Levy 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(6):571-580
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is the best-known framework for voluntary reporting of environmental and social performance by business worldwide. Using extensive empirical data, including interviews and documentary analysis, we examine GRI's organizational field and conclude that since its modest beginnings in 1999 GRI has been by several measures a successful institutionalization project. But the institutional logic of this new entity, as an instrument for corporate sustainability management, leaves out one of the central elements of the initial vision for GRI: as a mobilizing agent for many societal actors. This emergent logic reflects GRI's dominant constituency – large global companies and financial institutions and international business management consultancies – and not the less active civil society organizations and organized labor. We attribute these developments to factors such as building GRI within the existing institutional structures; the highly inclusive multistakeholder process; and the underdeveloped base of information users. From the institutional theory perspective, this case shows how the process of institutionalization is deeply affected by initial strategies of the founders, and how it reproduces existing power relations. From the governance perspective, this case leads us to question the power of commodified information to mobilize civil society and to strengthen governance based on partnerships. 相似文献
288.
289.
Nelzair A. Vianna Daniel Gonçalves Flavia Brandão Roberta P. de Barros Gilberto M. Amado Filho Rodrigo O. Meire João Paulo M. Torres Olaf Malm Argemiro D’Oliveira Júnior Leonardo R. Andrade 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(3):416-427
Purpose
The aims of this paper were to quantify the heavy metals (HM) in the air of different sites in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Salvador (SA) using Tillandsia usneoides (Bromeliaceae) as a biomonitor, and to study the morphology and elemental composition of the air particulate matter (PM) retained on the Tillandsia surface. 相似文献290.
Helen M. de la Maza Jerry O. Wolff Amber Lindsey 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1999,45(2):107-113
A widely accepted paradigm in mammalian behavioral biology is that exposure to unfamiliar males causes pregnancy disruption
in female rodents (commonly known as the Bruce effect). This behavioral phenomenon has been demonstrated in the laboratory
with at least 12 species of rodents, primarily within the genus Microtus, and is supposedly an adaptation that provides male perpetrators with reproductive access to females, and functions, for
females, as a counterstrategy to infanticide. However, neither the Bruce effect nor its adaptive significance have been tested
experimentally in the field. In a controlled field study, we exposed reproducing female gray-tailed voles (Microtus canicaudus) to treatments in which males were removed and replaced by either unfamiliar males or females, and found no significant differences
in intervals between parturitions, number of pregnancies, and juvenile recruitment among the treatment and control animals.
Thus, we conclude that neither the Bruce effect nor infanticide occurred differentially as a consequence of the treatments
in gray-tailed voles. Multimale mating to confuse paternity, and postpartum estrus resulting in simultaneous pregnancy and
lactation may deter infanticide and functionally negate any benefits of pregnancy disruption in gray-tailed voles and perhaps
other murid rodents with similar mating systems. In light of our results, we recommend field verification for other species
of murid rodents that exhibit the Bruce effect in the laboratory before the results are applied to evolutionary theory.
Received: 12 May 1998 / Accepted after revision: 6 September 1998 相似文献