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971.
972.
湛江南珠产业振兴战略 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在我国珍珠产业中,南珠具有举足轻重的地位.在分析湛江南珠产业取得成绩的基础上,详细论述了目前存在的密集养殖、种苗退化、场地老化、产品质量下降、加工技术落后、经济效益低等问题,进一步提出了振兴湛江南珠产业的战略对策. 相似文献
973.
974.
BaO/γ-Al2O3同时吸附脱除一氧化氮和二氧化硫 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用固定床连续流动反应器研究了BaO/γ—Al2O,同时吸附模拟烟气中NO和SO2的工艺条件和再生循环使用性能,对BaO/γ—Al2O3进行了比表面积和程序升温表面反应(TPSR)等表征分析。结果表明,BaO/γ—Al2O3的适宜工艺条件是SO2与NO体积比为2.9~8.4、原料气中O2体积分数大于4.5%、吸附温度448~523K。BaO/γ—Al2O3在循环使用过程中吸附能力下降。与NOXSO吸附催化剂Na2CO3/γ—Al2O3相比,BaO/γ-Al2O3同时吸附SO2和NO的能力大、再生循环使用性能好、适宜的SO2与NO体积比范围宽、热稳定性好。将BaO/γ—Al2O3应用于NOXSO工艺可望提高该工艺的脱硫、脱氮效率。 相似文献
975.
Rai S. Kookana Raymond L. Correll Rosalind B. Miller 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,5(1-2):45-65
Pesticide users, natural resource managers, regulators, government agencies and many others are concerned about the off-site
impact of pesticides on the environment. Systematic methods of the assessment of potential risk of pesticides to environmental
components can serve as valuable tools in decision making and policy formulation. Simple risk indicators have been developed
which cover a range of scenarios such as toxicity to organisms, health of farm workers, consumer health, and residues in harvested
produce. The authors have developed a software package named Pesticide Impact Rating Index (PIRI) that outputs an improved
pesticide risk indicator for water quality. PIRI is a standalone, user-friendly, platform-independent program. It can be used
to (i) rank pesticides in terms of their relative pollution potential to groundwater or surface water, and (ii) to compare
different land uses in a catchment or at a regional scale in terms of their relative impact on water quality. It is based
on pesticides use; the pathway through which the pesticides are released to the water resources (drift, runoff, erosion, leaching)
and the value of the water resources threatened. Each component is quantified using pesticide characteristics (including toxicity
to organisms at different trophic levels, i.e. fish, daphnia, algae, etc.), environmental and site conditions (e.g. organic
carbon content of soil, water input, slope of land, soil loss, recharge rate, depth of water table, etc.). This paper describes
two case studies of the application of PIRI in Australia. The comparison of the risk assessment by PIRI on these revealed
that PIRI correctly estimated the pollution potential of pesticides in greater than 80% of cases. A GIS version of PIRI is
described in a companion paper in this volume.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
976.
Davey L. Jones John F. Farrar Kevin K. Newsham 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,4(6):169-175
Amino acids constitute one of the largest inputs of organic nitrogen (N) to most polar soils and have been hypothesized to be important in regulating vegetational succession and productivity in Arctic ecosystems. Our understanding of amino acid cycling in these soils, however, is poor. The aim of this study was to investigate the size and rate of turnover of the amino acid pool in a range of Arctic and Antarctic soils. Our results indicate that in polar soils with either high or low ornithogenic inputs the amino acid pool is small in comparison to the inorganic N pool (NO? 3 and NH+ 4). The free amino acid pool constituted only a small proportion of the total dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) pool in these soils. Here we show that these low concentrations may be due to rapid use by the soil microbial community in both Arctic and Antarctic soils. The turnover of the amino acid pool in soil was extremely rapid, with a half-life ranging from 2 to 24 h, indicating that this N pool can be turned over many hundred times each summer when polar soils are frequently unfrozen. The implications of amino acids in N cycling and plant and microbial nutrition are discussed. 相似文献
977.
P. Hill C. Marshall H. Harmens D. L. Jones J. Farrar 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,4(6):177-186
Soil respiration is a large C flux which is of primary importance in determining C sequestration. Here we ask how it is altered by atmospheric CO2 concentration and N additions. Swards of Lolium perenne L. were grown in a Eutric cambisol under controlled conditions with and without the addition of 200 kg NO? 3 ?N ha?1, at either 350 ppm or 700 ppm CO2, for 3 months. Soil respiration and net canopy photosynthesis were both increased by added N and elevated CO2, but soil respiration increased proportionately less than fixation by photosynthesis. Thus, both elevated CO2 and N appeared to increase potential C sequestration, although adding N at elevated CO2 reduced the C sequestered as a proportion of that fixed relative to elevated CO2 alone. Across all treatments below-ground respiratory C losses were predicted by root biomass, but not by soil solution C and N concentrations. Specific root-dependent respiration was increased by elevated CO2, such that below-ground respiration per unit biomass and per unit plant N was increased. 相似文献
978.
L. J. Sheppard A. Crossley I. D. Leith K. J. Hargreaves J. A. Carfrae N. van Dijk J. N. Cape D. Sleep D. Fowler J. A. Raven 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,4(6):197-205
Critical N loads for ombrotrophic bogs, which often contain rare and N-sensitive plants (especially those in lower plant groups: lichens, mosses and liverworts), are based on very few experimental data from measured, low background N deposition areas. Additionally the relative effects of reduced versus oxidised N are largely unknown. This paper describes an automated field exposure system (30 km S. of Edinburgh, Scotland) for treating ombrotrophic bog vegetation with fine droplets of oxidised N (NaNO3) and reduced N (NH4Cl). Whim Moss exists in an area of low ambient N deposition (ca. 8 kg N ha?1 y?1), the sources and quantification of which are described. The wet N treatment system is run continuously, and is controlled/activated by wind speed and rainfall to provide a unique simulation of “real worl” treatment patterns (no rain=no treatment). Simulated precipitation is supplied at ionic concentrations below 4 mM in rainwater collected on site. Treatments provide a replicated dose response to 16, 32 and 64 kg N ha?1 y?1 adjusted for ambient deposition (8 kg N ha?1 y?1). The 16 and 64 kg N ha?1 y?1 are duplicated with a P+K supplement. Baseline soil chemistry and foliar nutrient status was established for all 44 plots for Calluna vulgaris, Sphagnum capillifolium, Hypnum jutlandicum and Cladonia portentosa. 相似文献
979.
R. Skinner P. Ineson W. K. Hicks H. E. Jones D. Sleep I. D. Leith L. J. Sheppard 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,4(6):219-228
A field ammonia (NH3) release experiment and open top chambers containing moorland monoliths continuously fumigated with NH3 or sprayed with NH4Cl were used to assess the potential for using δ15N values in determining the area of influence around a point NH3 emission source. δ15N values are being increasingly used as environmental tracers and we tested the hypothesis that the δ15N signal from an NH3 emission source is observable in nearby vegetation. Using modified monitoring devices, atmospheric NH3 concentrations were found to decrease with distance from source, with δ15N values also reflecting this trend, producing a signal shift with changing concentration. Open top chamber studies of δ15N values of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull indicated a correlation with deposition treatments in current year shoots. Analysis of Calluna shoots from the NH3 release showed a similar trend of δ15N enrichment. Significant linear correlations between δ15N and percent N in plant material were found, both in the controlled conditions of the open top chambers and at the NH3 release site, illustrating the possible use of this technique in N deposition biomonitoring. 相似文献
980.
洗毛废水中含有重要的工业原料羊毛脂,不做回收处理排放到环境中就是"三废",既污染了环境又浪费了资源.介绍了用超滤膜从洗毛废水中回收羊毛脂的工艺技术,经处理的洗毛废水CODcr去除率达95.5%,BOD5去除率达93.1%,有效的回收了羊毛脂,经济效益良好,符合国家环保产业政策. 相似文献