Co-cropping for phyto-separation of zinc and potassium from sewage sludge

The use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer and soil amendment has resulted in high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil limiting its use. The present study was carried out to find the possibility of phyto-separating toxic and beneficial elements from the sludge using suitable plants. Of the five plants tested the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii H achieved the greatest removal of Zn, while shoots of Alocasia marorrhiza accumulated high content of K. Co-cropping these two plants on the sludge verified the previous observations on A. marorrhiza and the shoots of this plant could accumulate more than 120 g K kg(-1) dry matter in the median growth stage. Zn hyperaccumulated in Sedum's shoots to an extent more than 10 g kg(-1) dry matter; K concentrated five to ten times in the Alocasia's shoots which could be used as a good organic-K-fertilizer. Hence, the two elements were simultaneously phytoseparated and could be recycled. Furthermore, cultivation of plants in the sludge resulted in significant decreases in total Zn but kept the favorable agronomic characteristics of the sludge material, such as pH, organic matter content, and NPK concentrations and ameliorated its biological stability. These results suggest that simultaneous phyto-separation of toxic and beneficial elements from sewage sludge are possible by co-cropping using specific plants without the input of any chemicals.     

喀斯特生态脆弱区农业生态经济系统耦合协调发展研究——以贵州省为例

探究喀斯特地区农业生态经济系统的耦合协调关系与演变趋势,对科学评价该地区生态治理效益与实现农业生态经济协调发展具有重要意义。以典型喀斯特生态脆弱区贵州省为例,基于农业生态环境与农业经济发展数据,构建农业生态系统与农业经济系统的评价指标体系,采用熵权法、耦合协调度模型与耦合度模型定量分析了二者的综合评价指数、耦合协调状态与耦合度演变趋势。结果表明：2000～2019年,贵州省农业生态系统综合评价指数呈现先降后升的变化趋势,农业经济系统综合评价指数则保持稳步上升态势,二者之间由“经济滞后型”逐步演变为“生态滞后型”。农业生态经济系统耦合协调度指数整体呈上升趋势,从0.268 0增长至0.660 6,耦合协调状态由中度失调水平演变为初级协调水平。耦合度呈现由大到小的变化趋势,系统经历了从耗损发展向协调发展的转变,说明贵州省农业生态经济系统显现出趋向协调的发展态势。研究表明,贵州省应继续践行生态优先、绿色发展理念,优化生态环境与经济发展的关系,实现农业生态经济系统的高水平协调发展。     

长江上游山丘区土地承载力研究与评价——以四川省宜宾市为例

我国是一个以山地为主的国家，耕地有限且以山丘坡耕地为主，协调人地关系非常重要。以四川省宜宾市为例，通过土地资源生产潜力和人口数量预测模型的建立，采用环境容量等级系数计算和等级划分方法，对基于水土流失和生态工程建设作用下的长江上游流域山丘区土地利用类型与格局的变化及其它人类活动对土地承载力的影响进行了研究与评价。研究结果表明，宜宾市土地资源的生产潜力在2010、2015、2020年时总体上都能承载3种生活类型条件下的人口数量，3种生活类型下的容量等级基本都在“3”以上，即达到“满足”水平，并呈现出向“富余”水平提高的趋势，这表明尚具有较大潜力和空间的土地承载力是宜宾区域经济发展的有利驱动因素，人类活动对土地承载力产生的影响在可承受的生态阈值之内，为长江上游流域及我国广大山丘地区的生态环境建设和区域发展提供了可靠依据。     

关于安全行为科学的探讨

对安全行为科学的有关问题进行了初步探讨，阐述了研究安全行为科学的意义，给出了安全行为科学的概念，提出了安全行为科学的研究方法和基本内容     

Preparation and characterization of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts via microwave-hydrothermal method

The photocatalytic performance of ZnO/ZnS hybrid nanocomposite was largely higher than that of the mere ZnO or ZnS nanoparticles, but the complicated procedure and misdistribution of final products limited its large-scale productions. The exploration of a novel synthesis route of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts with high catalytic performance is becoming a crucial step for the large-scale application of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalytic technique. Preparation and characterization of nanosized ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts were studied in this paper. The photocatalysts were obtained via microwave-hydrothermal crystallization with the help of sodium citrate. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution (PSD), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results indicated that so-synthesized ZnO/ZnS samples consisted of the high pure cubic (sphalerite) ZnS and hexagonal ZnO nanocrystallines with a narrow particle size distribution. The possible formation mechanisms of ZnO/ZnS nanocrystallines were mainly attributed to the superficially protective effect of citrate. The photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the ZnO/ZnS photocatalysts exhibited a higher catalytic activity for the degradation of acid fuchsine than other monocomponents.     

An accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector method to rapidly determining and assessing total petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in soil from Fushan oilfield,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A high-efficient method for determining the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was established by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection,...     

交通运输网络可靠性研究分析

重点分析连通可靠性、出行时间可靠性、能力可靠性、行为可靠性和潜在可靠性等评价道路网络性能的指标,在回顾和总结交通网络可靠性研究发展的基础上,针对国内外的研究现状,提出了目前研究中存在的问题,描述了该领域有待研究的方向。     

石油化工行业发展规划环境影响评价技术要求浅论

行业规划环境影响评价工作目前处于试点阶段,技术要求还在探索中。为推动与规范石油化工行业规划环境影响评价工作,作者从规划环境影响评价目的着手,尝试性地论述了石油化工行业发展规划环境影响评价的基本技术要求,内容包括工作重点、指导思想和工作原则,以及环境影响报告书应包括的主要章节等。