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301.
当前水环境污染扩散研究一般基于普通数值模型模拟,忽略了水污染扩散微观驱动力的影响。为能更真实地反映其动态扩散过程,针对水域总有机碳(TOC)扩散机理,基于CA和MAS技术,将影响TOC扩散的自然和社会经济因素抽象为微观的水流Agent、风速Agent、径流量Agent、污水排放口Agent、人工管理Agent以及农业生产地Agent,将研究水域抽象为CA元胞空间,建立了CA-MAS水域总有机碳扩散模型,对水域总有机碳的动态演化过程进行模拟,并以武汉理工大学鉴湖水域作为实验区域,借助NetLogo仿真平台完成了模型的实现与验证。模拟结果表明,该模型基本能够反映水体总有机碳的扩散规律,可以为水环境污染控制提供参考。 相似文献
302.
Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液MBR-NF浓缩液 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用Fenton法处理MBR-NF浓缩液,考察了FeSO4·7H2O投加量、n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)投加比、初始pH对渗滤液MBR-NF浓缩液处理效果的影响,并在最佳实验条件下,探讨浓缩液富里酸(FA)、亲水性有机物(HyI)组分在Fenton氧化前后组成的变化。研究结果表明,在FeSO4·7H2O投加量为0.055 mol/L、n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)投加比为4、初始pH为7.58时,对COD、腐植酸(UV254)、色度(CN)的去除率分别为79.6%、93.7%和97.8%。Fenton氧化后,浓缩液中有机物组分含量发生了较大变化,腐植酸含量下降,HyI成为渗滤液溶解性有机物主要成分。紫外-可见光谱表明,Fenton法对FA去除效果较好,而对HyI氧化效果较差;傅立叶红外光谱显示,经Fenton氧化后,FA的结构发生了明显变化,而HyI则变化不明显。 相似文献
303.
Kwang Victor Lo Ping Huang Liao 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):237-240
A full-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system was evaluated for its ability to remove carbon and nitrogen from swine wastewater. The SBR was operated on four, six-hour cycles each day, with each cycle consisting of 4.5 hours of “React,” 0.75 hours of “Settling”, 0.75 hours for “Draw” and “Fill.” Within each cycle, an amount of wastewater equivalent to about 5% of the reactor volume (5,500 litres) was removed and added. The SBR system was able to remove 82% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and more than 75% of nitrogen. Even though the SBR effluent, with an average effluent BOD5 of about 588 mg L? 1, did not meet the discharge criteria, it enabled a reduction of the land base required for land application of swine wastewater by about 75%. Results indicated that the SBR system was a viable method for the treatment of swine wastewater. 相似文献
304.
HungMin Chein Tzu Ming Chen Shankar Gopala Aggarwal Chuen-Jinn Tsai Chun-Chao Huang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(2):218-228
Abstract A huge amount of inorganic acids can be produced and emitted with waste gases from integrated circuit manufacturing processes such as cleaning and etching. Emission of inorganic acids from selected semiconductor factories was measured in this study. The sampling of the inorganic acids was based on the porous metal denuders, and samples were then analyzed by ion chromatography. The amount of chemical usage was adopted from the data that were reported to the Environmental Protection Bureau in Hsin-chu County according to the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency regulation. The emission factor is defined as the emission rate (kg/month) divided by the amount of chemical usage (L/month). Emission factors of three inorganic acids (i.e., hydrofluoric acid [HF], hydrochloric acid [HQ], and sulfuric acid [H2SO4]) were estimated by the same method. The emission factors of HF and HCl were determined to be 0.0075 kg/L (coefficient of variation [CV] = 60.7%, n = 80) and 0.0096 kg/L (CV = 68.2%, n = 91), respectively. Linear regression equations are proposed to fit the data with correlation coefficient square (R2) = 0.82 and 0.9, respectively. The emission factor of H2SO4, which is in the droplet form, was determined to be 0.0016 kg/L (CV = 99.2%, n = 107), and its R2 was 0.84. The emission profiles of gaseous inorganic acids show that HF is the dominant chemical in most of the fabricators. 相似文献
305.
Cheng-Hsiung Huang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1858-1865
Abstract This investigation numerically examined the cutoff aerodynamic diameter (da50) and the sharpness (GSD) of the particle collection efficiency curve of impactors with a finite impaction plate diameter. Results revealed that the inertial impactors have a limited cutoff aerodynamic diameter at different air velocities. The extreme value of the cutoff aerodynamic diameter increases with the nozzle diameter (W)/the plate diameter (Dc). The computed da50/Dc values of the impactors increase with W/Dc at various Reynolds numbers (Re) and with the nozzle-toplate distance (S)/Dc when Re is 100. The value of GSD slightly increases with W/Dc for Re of 10 and 100, although the effect of S/Dc on GSD is not evident at various Res. The particle collection efficiency curve of the impactor with a lower Re is less sharp than that with a high Re at various W/Dc and S/Dc values. Statistical equations closely fitted the obtained numerical results for Res of 10–3000. The equations are useful for directly calculating the cutoff aerodynamic diameter and the sharpness of the particle collection efficiency curve for single round-nozzle impactors with a finite impaction Dc. 相似文献
306.
Ming-Shean Chou Bo-Jen Huang Hsiao-Yu Chang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):919-929
Abstract A pilot-scale plug-flow reactor was built to investigate its performance in treating airborne 1,3-butadiene (BD) via ozonation (O3) and ultraviolet (UV)/O3 technologies. Governing factors, such as the initial molar ratio of ozone to BD, UV volumetric electric input power, and moisture content in the influent airstream, were investigated. Experiments were conducted at an influent BD concentration of ~50 ppm, an ambient temperature of 26 °C, and a gas retention time of 85 sec. Results show that an initial molar ratio of ozone to BD of 3.5 and 2 sufficed to obtain BD decompositions of >90% for ozonation and UV/O3, respectively. The UV irradiance did not directly promote the decomposition of BD, rather, it played a role in promoting the production of secondary oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals. Kinetic analyses indicate that both types of BD decomposition are peudo–first-order with respect to BD concentrations. Moisture content (relative humidity = 40–99%) and UV volumetric electric input power (0.147 and 0.294 W/L) are both factors that weakly affect the rate of BD decomposition. Economic evaluation factors, including both energy of ozone production and UV electric input power, were also estimated. 相似文献
307.
Cheng-Hsiung Huang Manuel Alonso 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(1):87-91
This study has investigated numerically the influence of particle location on the number of charges per charged particle in the 10–40 nm size range at the outlet of a needle charger by simulating flow field, electric field, particle charging, and particle trajectory at various conditions. The results show that the total (i.e., diffusion + field charging) number of charges per particle increase with decreasing ratio values of radial location at the outlet of the charger due to the particle position close to the needle tip. It has also been shown that in the outlet region of the charger there is a critical radial location at which the number of charges per particle is a maximum; this critical radial location represents the point at which the charged particle trajectory becomes closest to the needle electrode. The maximum value of number of charges increases with increasing Reynolds number and slightly increases with decreasing applied voltage for particle diameter larger than 20 nm. The maximum number of charges per charged nanoparticle increases with increasing particle diameter. In addition, the minimum ratio value of radial particle location decreases with increasing Reynolds number for various particle diameters.
Implications: In this work, the influence of particle location on the number of charges per charged nanoparticle at the outlet of a needle charger has been investigated using numerical models under different conditions. The results demonstrate that the radial location affects the number of charges per particle at the outlet of the charger. The maximum number of charges increases with increasing particle diameter, and the minimum ratio value of radial particle location decreases with increasing Reynolds number. The numerical models explain and quantify the number of charges on the charged particle in the 10–40 nm size range from the outlet of the needle charger at various conditions. 相似文献
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