Brominated flame retardants in the hair and serum samples from an e-waste recycling area in southeastern China: the possibility of using hair for biomonitoring

Hair samples and paired serum samples were collected from e-waste and urban areas in Wenling of Zhejiang Province, China. The PBDE and DBDPE concentrations in hair and serum samples from e-waste workers were significantly higher than those of non-occupational residents and urban residents. BDE209 was the dominating BFRs in hair and serum samples from the e-waste area, while DBDPE was the major BFRs from the urban area. Statistically significant correlations were observed between hair level and serum level for some substances (BDE209, DBDPE, BDE99, BDE47, BDE28, and BDE17), although the PBDE congener profiles in hair were different from those in the serum. A statistically significant positive correlation between the PBDE concentrations and the working age, as well as gender difference, was observed in e-waste workers. Different sources of PBDEs and DBDPE in three groups were identified by principal component analysis and spearman correlation coefficient. Hair is suggested to be a useful matrix for biomonitoring the PBDE exposure in humans.     

模拟人工湿地中基质酶对PhACs的动态响应

基质酶是催化土壤生物化学反应的重要催化剂,其对有机污染物具有高度敏感性。实验测定了5座人工湿地(CWs)反应器中过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶和脲酶活性的动态变化及其与进水医药活性物质(PhACs)浓度、湿地植物的关系。结果显示:种植植物反应器3种基质酶的活性均高于未种植植物的反应器;随培养时间增长过氧化氢酶的活性逐渐提高,在培养150 d后达到最高;脱氢酶和脲酶的活性随培养时间增长先升高后降低,分别于120 d和90 d时达到最高;不同基质酶对不同PhACs浓度响应不同,脲酶活性均表现为被抑制,而脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性在低PhACs浓度时被激活,在高PhACs浓度时被抑制。为CWs应用于去除水环境中存在的PhACs类污染物提供参考。     

Comparison of retention and output of sulfur in limestone soil and yellow soil and their responses to acid deposition in a small karst catchment of Guizhou Province,Southwest China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Investigating the responses of retention and output of sulfur (S) is significant to understand the impact of atmospheric S deposition on the S cycling...     

微生物燃料电池修复石油污染盐碱土壤

生物电化学技术修复石油污染土壤并同步产出电能是一种新兴的污染土壤生态修复技术。对石油污染土壤通过其微生物燃料电池的构造,利用电化学阻抗谱分析了土壤的欧姆内阻,拟合估算了土壤的电导率,并考察了土壤微生物燃料电池的产电性能和修复效果。结果表明：采用丙酮清洗过的阳极并有水封的情况下,土壤微生物燃料电池的欧姆内阻下降了52%,电导率升高了1倍;在启动后的120 h内,最大电压和累计产出电量分别达189 mV和36 C,与对照相比分别增加了20和29倍。输出电压随着阴极与阳极之间距离的增大而减小。经过30 d的生物电化学处理,土壤中的总石油烃去除率是开路对照的3.3倍。该研究是石油污染盐碱土壤生物电化学修复的初步探索,以为污染土壤的生态修复提供新的思路。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区农村生活垃圾的处理主体及功能研究

鄱阳湖生态经济区农村生活垃圾处理现状不容乐观。本文通过对鄱阳湖生态经济区农村垃圾处置现状的调查分析,从农村生活垃圾处理的四个主体：政府、村民、企业、学校等出发,探索四类主体功能实现的途径及方式,即突出政府职能,强化村民主人意识,鼓励企业加入,夯实学校基础,长期坚持,持续推进,以解决垃圾的日益增长与垃圾处理的矛盾,实现政府、群众、企业与环境的共赢,经济、社会、环境效益的统一,共同造就鄱阳湖生态经济区的美好生活。     

350MW超临界锅炉水冷壁管爆管原因分析

利用宏观检查、金相组织分析、力学性能检测、化学成分分析以及断口扫描电镜分析等对失效管段进行了全面检测,分析某超临界锅炉水冷壁管的爆管原因。结果表明:安装人员将原设计的柔性连接改为刚性焊接连接,同时,施工质量较差,连接焊缝中存在未熔合缺陷导致严重的应力集中;顶棚过热器管与水冷壁管膨胀量及膨胀方向不一致,且反复变化,使水冷壁管与加强筋的搭接焊缝在锅炉运行过程中长期承受疲劳载荷,是导致本次水冷壁管开裂的直接原因。     

Sorption, degradation and mobility of microcystins in Chinese agriculture soils: Risk assessment for groundwater protection

In the present paper, sorption, persistence, and leaching behavior of three microcystin variants in Chinese agriculture soils were examined. Based on this study, the values of capacity factor and slope for three MCs variants in three soils ranged from 0.69 to 6.00, and 1.01 to 1.54, respectively. The adsorption of MCs in the soils decreased in the following order: RR > Dha7 LR > LR. Furthermore, for each MC variant in the three soils, the adsorption rate in the soils decreased in the following order: soil A > soil C > soil B. The calculated half-time ranged between 7.9 and 17.8 days for MC-RR, 6.0-17.1 days for MC-LR, and 7.1-10.2 days for MC-Dha7 LR. Results from leaching experiments demonstrated that recoveries of toxins in leachates ranged from 0-16.7% for RR, 73.2-88.9% for LR, and 8.9-73.1% for Dha7 LR. The GUS value ranged from 1.48 to 2.06 for RR, 1.82-2.88 for LR, and 1.76-2.09 for Dha7 LR. Results demonstrated the use of cyanobacterial collections as plant fertilizer is likely to be unsafe in soils.     

Do economic development and population agglomeration inevitably aggravate haze pollution in China? New evidence from spatial econometric analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With sustained economic development, China’s ecological environment is becoming increasingly fragile and the problem of haze pollution is...     

Effects of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors

The effects of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors were investigated by evaluating the content and compositions of extracellular polymeric substances, and the relationship between extracellular polymeric substances composition and surface properties of glucose-fed aerobic granules. The results showed that extracellular polymeric substances could affect surface properties of cells, such as surface charge and hydrophobicity, enhance polymeric interaction and promote aerobic granulation. Moreover, extracellular polymeric substances were produced mainly in the exponential phase, and served as carbon and energy source in starvation phase during granulation process, thus regulating the growth of bacteria in the interior and exterior of granules, and maintaining the integrality of granules.     

多元资源型县域循环型系统构建——以辽宁省灯塔市为例

从经济发展背景与循环经济内涵入手,提出发展循环经济是多元资源型县域的现实选择。以辽宁省灯塔市为例,构建以循环型工业、循环型农业、循环型社会体系为主体的循环经济体系框架,并指出建立工业生态链、引入静脉产业和实现土地资源的有效循环利用是完善循环经济体系的必要内容。