我矿童家院区通风系统的改造与评价

介绍了锡矿山矿务局北矿童家院区北风井通风系统建立的过程,对北风井通风系统投产运行的实际效果进行了评价.     

钢筋混凝土污水处理集水井施工的若干体会

介绍了在某钢筋混凝土污水处理集水井施工中 ,通过采取各种有效措施 ,保证水池强度和抗渗等技术指标达到设计要求。     

一起工伤事故的分析与预防

叙述了工作面减速机液力耦合器伤人经过 ,分析了事故各方面的原因 ,并制定了预防措施 ,具有普遍性和典型性。     

新形势下河北省农村可再生能源管理与政策研究

我国农村可再生能源发展面临生态文明建设、能源安全趋紧、大气污染严重等新的形势变化。作为农业大省,河北省近年来农村可再生能源发展与管理成绩显著,为改善农民生活、保护生态环境、增加能源供应、促进经济社会发展等做出了积极贡献。但新形势下,其农村可再生能源管理也暴露出了思想认识不足、部分法规政策滞后、缺乏宏观科学规划、资金筹措机制单一、后续监督管理不够等问题,需要从加强宣传教育、提高认识水平,完善规章制度、形成法律体系,制定科学规划、明确目标计划,拓宽融资渠道、稳定资金支持、完善服务体系、加强后续管理等方面完善管理与政策,以推进其健康持续发展。     

常温下改进型EGSB处理城市污水的中试

通过中试实验,在常温下考察了回流比、水力停留时间和冲击负荷对改进型EGSB处理城市污水效果的影响。实验结果表明,随着回流比的提高,水力停留时间的缩短,改进型EGSB的出水CODfilt是下降的,但当水力停留时间低于2 h时,出水CODCr、CODfilt和SS明显增高。改进型EGSB通过改进回流水系统及布水系统,有效地降低了沉淀区水流上升速度,提高了布水效果,同未改进的EGSB相比,出水CODCr最大下降了26.7 mg/L,CODfilt最大下降了17.8 mg/L,而出水中SS最大下降了66.3 mg/L。当容积负荷突然升高时,对2套反应器都带来冲击,但改进型EGSB比EGSB要容易从冲击中恢复稳定。     

100年来东湖富营养化发生的沉积学记录

在210Pb计年的基础上,运用水生生物遗存、色素、有机碳同位素和磁化率分析了东湖钻孔沉积物中的生物与环境信息,重建了东湖100多年来湖泊营养与环境演化历史.研究发现东湖100多年来在人类活动不断增强的背景下,指示重金属污染的磁化率和指示湖泊富营养化的色素指标如蓝藻叶黄素(Myx)、颤藻黄素(Osc)快速上升,相应的水生生物如介形虫、腹足类、水生高等植物等表现明显的组合和变化阶段,同时有机碳同位素偏正与湖泊生产力升高和藻类繁盛有关.沉积记录表明东湖生态系统近代发生了深刻变化,湖泊营养演化自早至晚呈现四阶段性:贫营养阶段(1900-1966AD)色素水平低、拥有较丰富的水生高等植物和腹足类;中营养阶段(1966-1983AD)色素含量增高、水生高等植物和腹足类减少;富营养化阶段(1983-1989AD)色素含量快速增高、水生高等植物消失;超富营养化阶段(1989AD－至今)色素含量稳定居高、某些耐污染的介形类较繁盛.结果对于认识湖泊生态环境演化与人类活动的关系、以及如何治理湖泊环境具有现实的意义.     

城市扩展与热岛空间分布变化关系研究——以上海为例

随着城市建设区域和格局的迅速改变,城市热岛分布也发生了巨大变化.为了了解城市热岛分布与城市建设的关系,为城市建设同时缓解改善热岛效应奠定基础,文章采用遥感动态监测和GIS多要素空间分析技术,对上海城市90年代以来的城市扩展以及热岛分布变化状况和演变规律进行监测分析,得出城市建设区域的扩大将会导致城市热岛范围和面积的增大,城市扩展与热岛扩展趋势具有空间一致性.同时,通过对上海城市不同温度情况下地面不同介质的比例、面积进行因子权重分析,得出温度越高,其建筑、交通、工业区的比例越大;反之温度越低,农田、耕地等介质的比例越高;表明不同地物对温度分布、强度的影响明显.研究还表明:城市扩展虽会导致热岛范围加大,但如注重环境和绿化建设,则在一定程度上可缓解热岛效应和缩小热岛范围.     

Review of water pollution control in China

Water resource shortage and pollution has seriously threatened the survival and development of developing countries. Because of China’s specific economical and social circumstances, complete adoption of developed countries’ experience is unrealistic. At present, China needs to develop strategies and technologies in source water pollution control and municipal environmental remediation that embrace the country’s specific need to battle the water resource problem. Among them, efficient source water pretreatment is a critical step to ensure a safe municipal water supply. Unlike developed countries, it is not yet feasible in China to treat water supplied to the household and have it meet the standard of direct drinking; therefore, it is more appropriate to refer to it as service water. As a beneficial supplement, an additional community drinking water network and household drinking water apparatus can be considered.     

Relationships between loading rates and nitrogen removal effectiveness in subsurface flow constructed wetlands

Nitrogen removal of wetlands under 40 different inflow loadings were studied in the field during 15 months. The removal efficiency of four different sets of beds, namely the reed bed, the Zizania caduciflor bed, the mixing planting bed, and the control bed were studied. The outflow loading and total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of these beds under different inflow loadings and pollution loadings were investigated. The inflow loadings of 4 subsurface flow systems (SFS) ranged from 400 to 8000 mg·(m²·d)^?1, while outflow loadings were less than 7000 mg·(m²·d)^?1. The results showed that the inflow and outflow loading of TN removal rate in SFS presented an obvious linear relationship. The optical inflow loading to run the system was between 2000 to 4000 mg·(m²·d)^?1. Average removal rate was between 1062 and 2007 mg·(m²·d)^?1. SFS with plant had a better removal rate than the control. TN removal rates of the reed and Zizania caduciflora bed were 63% and 27% higher than the control bed, respectively. The results regarding the TN absorption of plants indicated that the absorption amount was very limited, less than 5% of the total removal. It proved that plants clearly increase TN removal rates by improving the water flow, and increasing the biomass, as well as activities of microorganisms around the roots. The research provided a perspective for understanding the TN removal mechanism and design for SFS.     

珠江三角洲城市墙壁植物资源及其应用

墙壁植物对城市绿化和改良生态环境具有重要价值.调查表明珠江三角洲城市墙壁植物共有94种,隶属于42科,76属,主要集中在菊科、禾本科、桑科、茜草科、凤尾蕨科、大戟科,部分植物为彩叶植物,其中分布数量较多有29种,以桑科和菊科最为突出,具有较强的适应能力.然后对墙壁植物的耐旱性、观赏性、应用进行了分析和评价,结果表明耐旱强的种类有29种,观赏性较高的种类有56种;最后对墙壁植物在墙面和围墙绿化提出了一些建议.