Estimating potential evapotranspiration based on self-optimizing nearest neighbor algorithms: a case study in arid–semiarid environments,Northwest of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Changes in potential evapotranspiration will affect the surface ecology and environment of the land. Accurate and quick estimation of potential...     

Relationship between heavy metal consolidation and H2S removal by biochar from microwave pyrolysis of municipal sludge: effect and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The synergistic effects of pyrolysis byproduct, biochar (BC) on heavy metal consolidation, and H2S removal during and after from microwave pyrolysis...     

Selective effects of fenitrothion on murine splenic T-lymphocyte populations and cytokine/granzyme production

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro effects of fenitrothion (FNT) on mouse splenic lymphocytes. Here, naïve mice had their spleens harvested and splenocytes isolated. After exposure to FNT for 48 hr: splenocyte viability was measured using a tetrazolium dye assay; cell phenotypes, i.e., B-cells (CD19⁺), T-cells (CD3⁺), and T-cell subsets (CD4⁺ and CD8⁺), were quantified by flow cytometry; and, production of cytokines/granzyme-B was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The ability for FNT to induce oxidative stress in the cells was evaluated by measuring hydroxyl radical (·OH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production and changes in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The results showed that FNT significantly inhibited splenocyte proliferation, and decreased production of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon gamma, IL-4, and granzyme B, but had no impact on IL-6 production. FNT also selectively decreased splenic T-cell levels but did not induce changes in CD19⁺ B-cells. Further, within the T-cell populations, percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T-cells (particularly CD8⁺ T-cells) were reduced. Lastly, FNT selectively increased MDA and ·OH production and inhibited SOD and GSH-Px activities in the splenic lymphocytes. These findings suggest that, due to oxidative damage, FNT selectively inhibits splenic T-lymphocyte survival and cytokine/granzyme production in vitro.     

新时期加强高校消防安全责任制落实的对策研究——以华中地区部分高校为例

为了深入探究当前高校消防安全责任制落实情况,本文通过文献梳理、问卷调查等研究方法,对华中地区20所高校进行问卷调查,调查显示当前高校消防安全责任制落实方面存在消防安全责任制管理机制不健全、二级单位责任制落实缺乏主动性和有效性、责任制落实缺乏量化考核机制以及宣传有效性不够等问题,并有针对性地就如何加强高校消防安全责任制落实提出对策及建议。     

关于计划生育“难”的思考

计划生育是“天下第一难的事”,这是有一定道理的。但是,计划生育之“难”的原因?却很少有人专门研究或探及。本文试图通过计划生育工作实践,从宏观上对此做一点探讨,以便在改革开放的大潮中,进一步抓住控制人口的主要矛盾。把握规律,针对问题,采取对策,做好工作,为促进改革开放、发展经济创造良好的人口环境。     

国际环境法中环境影响评价手段的实施问题研究

环境影响评价这一概念是1964年在加拿大召开的国际环境质量评价的学术会议上提出的，是指在一定区域内进行开发活动之前，应对实施该活动可能给环境质量造成的影响进行调查、预测和评定，并对此作出分析，给出处理意见和对策。它首先在美国作为一项法律制度被确立，此后被许多国家采用。随着环境影响评价制度在各国的推行，国际社会也开始关注环境影响评价在国际环境法中的实施问题。     

Study on an environmental-friendly and high-efficient fuel cell energy conversion system

The kinds and the distribution of the coal in China are investigated.The results indicated that the 80% coal in China is used by the method of the coal gasification.The possibility of utilization and development of the fuel cell power plant in China is analyzed.A combined cycle generation system is designed.Its net electrical efficiency is about 55%(LHV),which is higher than that of the fire power plant.So it is environmental-friendly and high-efficient generation mode.     

Application of Neomysis awatschensis as a standard marine toxicity test organism in China

The small mysid crustacean Neomysis awatschensis was collected in the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China in 1992 and acclimated and cultured in laboratory conditions since then. Standard acute toxicity tests using 4--6 d juvenile mysids of this species were conducted and the results were compared with Mysidopsis bahia, a standard toxicity test organism used in the US in terms of their sensitivities to reference toxins, as well as their taxonomy, morphology and geographic distributions. Because of its wide distribution along the Chinese coast, similar sensitivity to pollutants as M. bahia, short life history, small size and the ease of handling, this study intended to use N-awatschensis as one of the standard marine organisms for toxicity testing in China. The species were applied to acute toxicity evaluations of drilling fluid and its additives, organotin TPT and toxic algae, and to chronic (life cycle) toxicity assays of organotin TPT and a toxic dinofalgellate Alexandrium tamarense, respectively. Using N. awatschensis as a standard toxicity testing organism in marine pollution assment in China is suegested.     

刚玉冶炼电炉烟尘回收的环境意义

电弧炉冶炼棕刚玉过程中产生大量烟尘，排放到大气中严重污染环境。为全面评估刚玉冶炼电炉烟尘对环境的影响，本文对贵州某厂３０００ＫＶＡ及７５００ＫＶＡ两组电炉，采用电收尘及布袋收尘前后的１２个状态和２４个系列进行预测计算与分析，结果表明；采用电收尘或布袋收尘后，电炉周围的大气环境质量显著改善，由三级的恶劣状态变为一级的优良状态。     

用醌式染料的合成反应光度法测定水中亚硝酸根

研究了以Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基苯胺为偶联试剂，利用醌式染料的合成反应测定ＮＯ２＾－的新方法，ＮＯ２＾－在０￣１８．０μｇ／２５．０ｍＬ范围内服从比尔定律，方法具有较高的灵敏度和选择性。试剂及醌式染料具有更高的稳定性，且无试剂空白的影响，用于环境水中ＮＯ２＾－的测定，其结果与其他方法的测定结果一致。