Toxic effects of fluoranthene and copper on marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

To investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals on the population reproduction,antioxidative defense system and cell ultrastructure of the marine diatom,fluoranthene and Cu2+ were selected to test their toxicity to Phaeodactylum tricorntum,in the laboratory.The results indicated that both fluoranthene and Cu2+ inhibited population reproduction of P.tricorntum.When the algal cells were exposed to fluoranthene or Cu2+ for 72 h,ultrastructure damage in the cells was observed un...     

Horizontal distribution and levels of heavy metals in the biggest snowstorm in a century in Shenyang, China

The horizontal distribution and levels of heavy metals in the biggest snowstorm in Shenyang since 1904 were investigated by analyzing 4 metals (As,Cd,Pb,and Cu) in a series of ultraclean samples collected from 17 sites distributed in different regions of the Shenyang area,China.The results showed that the concentrations of all the 4 heavy metals in snow from the industrial regions were high,up to 7.3 (As),2.2 (Cd),850.0 (Pb),and 0.197-20.2 (Cu)μg/kg,respectively.In the suburb,in contrast,their concentrat...     

Enhanced biological nutrient removal by the alliance of a heterotrophic nitrifying strain with a nitrogen removing ecosystem

Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated in an airlift bioreactor （ALB）, augmented with a novel heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T under organic carbon to nitrogen ratios （Corg/N） ranging from 0 to 12. Effect of the inoculated strain was also determined on the settling properties and the removal of chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Two laboratory scale reactors were set up to achieve a stable nitrifying state under the same physicochemical conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen （DO）, and operated under the sequencing batch mode. The level of DO was kept at 0.5- 1.5 mg/L by periodic stirring and aeration. Each specific Corg/N ratio was continued for duration of 3 weeks. One of the reactors （BR2） was inoculated with P ammonioxydans H9^T periodically at the start of each Corg/N ratio. Sludge volumetric index （SVI） improved with the increasing Corg/N ratio, but no significant difference was detected between the two reactors. BR2 showed higher levels of nitrogen removal with the increasing heterotrophic conditions, and the ammonia removal reached to the level of 82%-88%, up to10% higher than that in the control reactor （BR1） at Corg/N ratios higher than 6; however, the ammonia removal level in experimental reactor was up to 8% lower than that in control reactor at Corg/N ratios lower than 2. The COD removal efficiency progressively increased with the increasing Corg/N ratios in both of the reactors. The COD removal percentage up to peak values of 88%-94% in BR2, up to 11% higher than that in BR1 at Corg/N ratio higher than 4. The peak values of ammonia and COD removal almost coincided with the highest number （18%-27% to total bacterial number） of the exogenous bacterium in the BR2, detected as colony forming units （CFU）. Furthermore, the removal of ammonia and COD in BR2 was closely related to the number of the inoculated strain with a coefficient index （R2） up to 0.82 and 0.85 for ammonia and     

油气储运设施事故的人为因素分析与预防

结合心理学知识从人为因素的角度分析和归纳了油气储运设施事故的原因,提出了应对人为因素负面影响的措施和对策。     

HSE培训课程体系建设初探

通过调研国内外HSE培训课程建设情况,提出了建设中国石化HSE培训课程体系的主体架构和主要课程.结合 HSE培训实践活动,阐述了中国石化HSE培训课程体系建设设想.     

智能供氧系统在污水领域的应用研究

绍兴污水处理厂二期工程采用的是延时曝气工艺,生物氧化池是其核心工艺所在,在实际运行中,生物氧化池中溶解氧的数值波动大,较难实现稳定控制,通常采用滞后调整的控制方式,易造成能耗增加。为合理控制供气量,降低运行成本,利用欧洲的智能供氧技术,在经过小试的基础上,对二期其中一组生物氧化池进行中试,通过对几个月的试验数据进行对比分析,溶解氧控制较为平稳,供风量有所降低,从而实现了安全供氧和经济供氧,推动污水处理厂的精细化操作向纵深化发展。     

防空干道地下水作为化工工艺用水工程改造实例

防空干道地下水质YD390-400mg／l,TDS750 mg,／l,经强化纤维过滤-OR低压反渗透装置处理后水质达到钛白粉生产工艺用水标准。YD〈200mg/l,TDS〈450mg/l。工艺条件：处理量7000M^3／d,净水荆加入量1501／h,反渗透设计压力2．5Mpa,工作压力1．3Mpa,工作温度10℃-30℃,采用芳香族聚酰胺反渗透膜,设计压力4．0Mpa,工作压力1．5Mpa,工作温度10℃-40℃。同时,该处理系统占地面积小,工艺成熟,简洁、高效,在确保出水达标的同时降低了运行成本。在强化纤维过滤中采用GM多功能净水剂,具有絮凝快,分离速度快,分界清楚,浊度去除高。反渗透工序分离过程不需加热,没有相的变化,具有耗能较少,设备体积小、操作简单、适应性强,应用广泛。     

腐殖酸钠对钙、镁离子吸附效果的研究

实验研究了腐殖酸钠混合液对钙、镁离子的吸附性能。高温条件下由草炭和NaOH制取的腐殖酸钠混合液,吸附水中的钙镁离子,结果发现：随着混合液用量的增加,其对钙镁离子的去除效率增加。当混合液用量为8ml时,二者的吸附效率均在88％以上,其中对镁离子的去除率可达100％,而且由于钙镁离子具有相同的核外电子层结构及类似的化学性质,因此混合液对钙镁离子的去除效果类似,表明腐殖酸钠混合液对钙镁离子具有极好的去除效果,可广泛应用于处理含钙镁离子的污水。     

太浦河饮用水源地取水方式研究

太浦河是上海市青浦区第二自来水厂的水源地。自来水厂从河道直接取水,但河水部分水质未达水源地水质标准,不但加重了处理成本,也导致供水水质不能得到保证。傍河布井取水方式能自然净化水质,特别是能去除某些传统自来水厂直接净化河水不能去除的污染物质。通过分析太浦河地区水文地质及水质水量等,探讨了该研究区傍河布井取水的主要技术条件。结果显示在太浦河傍河布井取水,可获得比直接河道取水更为优良的水质,水量充足,且取水工程经济可行,有很好的开发利用前景。     

长三角地区经济发展水平与居民生活质量耦合协调性研究

在借鉴耦合理论中容量耦合概念及框架的基础上,构建经济发展与居民生活的耦合指标体系,引入耦合度函数与耦合协调度函数,分别对2003～2010年长三角16个地级市单元经济发展与居民生活两个子系统的耦合协调关系进行研究。结果表明：（1）从耦合协调程度上看,长三角地区各个城市在2003～2010年这8 a中都保持相对稳定,但上海市最高,为类型Ⅱ,其次为苏州和杭州,为类型Ⅲ,苏南地区和浙江舟山、湖州最低,为类型Ⅴ;〖JP2〗（2）从经济发展和居民生活质量提升的先后顺序上看,长三角地区主要体现为类型B和类型C,反映出各个城市所重视的方向不同,如杭州市为类型B,更加注重居民生活质量的提高,苏州市为类型C,注重经济和居民生活质量同步发展