煤浆洗涤法去除烟气中的SO2

分别以高硫原煤、低硫原煤和中煤配制的煤浆作为洗涤介质,去除烟气中的SO2。反应温度高于40℃时,采用高硫原煤煤浆洗涤烟气,SO2去除率在90％以上;O2含量对SO2去除率影响不大;SO2去除率随其含量的增加而降低。低硫原煤煤浆同样可用于烟气脱硫,随温度的升高,煤浆pH的降低幅度和SO2去除率均增大,与用高硫原煤时的情况类似。中煤煤浆亦能有效去除烟气中的SO2,反应过程中煤浆pH的降低对SO2去除率的影响不大。在烟气脱硫的同时,3种煤中的黄铁矿均被不断浸出,浸出铁质量浓度随反应时间的延长和SO2去除率的增大而增加。     

固体试剂快速测定水中阴离子表面活性剂

对亚甲蓝分光光度法进行改进,用固体试剂快速测定水中的阴离子表面活性剂。在最大吸收波长652nm处,阴离子表面活性剂质量浓度为0~2.0m g/L时遵守比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.56×104L/(m o.lcm),检出限为0.03m g/L。该方法用于自来水、河水和工业废水中阴离子表面活性剂的测定,取得了满意结果。环境水样的平均回收率为88.3%~108.0%,相对标准偏差不超过4.67%。     

华北地区CO2净排放比较优势时空特性分析

采用显示性比较优势理论,对2005-2010年我国华北地区5个省市人均CO2净排放和单位GDP CO2净排放的显示性比较优势做了分析;同时采用变异系数差异分析,结合空间自相关分析方法,对其空间格局和演变规律做了深入研究.研究发现,华北地区5省市人均CO2净排放高于全国平均水平.北京、天津、河北、山西4个省市出现下滑势头,而内蒙古自治区呈现大幅上升势头.山西单位GDP CO2净排放在全国最高,天津和北京低于全国平均水平.华北地区人均CO2净排放和单位GDP CO2净排放比较优势空间分别呈现负相关和正相关特性.     

含油污泥物化法处理研究进展

含油污泥是石油开采及加工过程中产生的含油量高、脱水难、水溶性小的固体废物。文章主要介绍了国内物化技术处理含油污泥研究的现状及进展,包括洗脱、萃取、调质分离、热洗、调剖等。对这些方法进行了评价和比较,并对今后的研究方向提出建议,需要在微波、超声波和调剖剂上作进一步研究。     

Water stress, water transfer and social equity in Northern China--implications for policy reforms

Water stress in Northern China is characterized with major, inefficient irrigation water use and rapidly growing non-agricultural water demands, as well as limited water quantity and declining water quality. Water use in the region is undergoing transfer from agricultural to municipal and industrial sectors. Currently, part of the economic loss and environmental damage due to water stress can be considered as a consequence of water transfer failures, including the current transfers, which hurt farmers' livelihood and income, and the needed transfers, which industry and cities have been waiting for but have not received. This paper starts with a discussion of the causes of water stress in Northern China, which is fundamental to understand the necessity and complexity of agricultural water transfers. Following that, it reviews water transfers in Northern China as a cause for concern over the social stability, economy and environment of the region. Based on an integrated analysis of economic, environmental, fiscal and social implications, this paper begins by identifying critical barriers to smooth water redistribution; and ends with implications for policy reforms, ensuring that farmers can and will save water. It is concluded that the decisions of water reallocation under water stress should be shared by communities at all levels, from the local to the national, to ensure equal access of water, especially the availability of the basic water need for all groups.     

温度-高度试验箱温场状态分析

温度-高度试验箱是人工模拟温度-高度综合环境因素的试验装置,其所提供的环境参数及其变化过程必须满足受试品的试验技术条件.了解温度-高度综合温场变化状态,是保证试验达到考核要求的前提.工程技术人员在进行产品的热设计时,需关注温度-高度综合温场变化的特殊性.     

Ongoing ascent to the helium production plateau—Insights from system dynamics

Recent, pre-downturn, disturbance in the global helium market can be traced to the tight supply–demand position, which characterizes today’s changing helium supply structure. A detailed System Dynamics model provides fresh insight into the helium question and suggests a production path that is closely associated with future natural gas production. Venting of un-extracted helium to the atmosphere remains a central issue. The model indicates that improving resource exploitation strategies might extend a production plateau that emerges in the 2030s. Substitution will result in more helium being vented. To mitigate this, the industry needs to ensure security of supply (particularly after the Bureau of Land Management reserve is sold).