Systematic control technologies for gaseous pollutants from non-ferrous metallurgy

Air pollutant emissions represent a critical challenge in the green development of the non-ferrous metallurgy industry.This work studied the emission characteristics,formation mechanisms,phase transformation and separation of typical air pollutants,such as heavy metal particles,mercury,sulfur oxides and fluoride,during non-ferrous smelting.A series of purification technologies,including optimization of the furnace throat and hightemperature discharge,were developed to collaboratively control and...     

2012年-2014年常州市大气污染特征分析研究

利用2012年-2014年常州市大气污染数据、气象观测数据,通过分析污染物浓度的月变化、季节变化,污染物浓度与能见度及各气象要素间的关系,得到以下结论:风对大气污染物具有较好的扩散、稀释作用,风力越大,污染物浓度越低;降水对大气污染物具有较好的冲刷、沉降作用,降水量越大,持续时间越长,污染物浓度越低;气温与污染物浓度直接关系较小,但由于夏季污染物浓度较低,表现为气温越高污染物浓度越低;冬季反之,故从整体上看气温与污染物浓度呈反相关关系;相对湿度对各污染物浓度有一定影响,在适宜的湿度条件下,水汽对污染物有较好的吸附作用,有利于颗粒物等的生成和增长.     

秸秆及生物炭添加对猪粪沼渣施肥水稻重金属积累的影响

秸秆还田在重金属污染稻田中被广泛应用并日益推广,其对土壤中重金属生物有效性和水稻重金属吸收积累产生的影响不容忽视.本研究选用因连续10年以上施用生猪沼渣沼液而导致重金属超标的水稻土,通过盆栽试验研究了不同的秸秆还田方式(直接还田或生物炭还田)与用量(0、1%、2%、4%和8%)对水稻重金属吸收积累的影响.结果表明,长期施用沼渣沼液可导致土壤重金属富集,其中,铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)和镉(Cd)含量高于国家土壤环境质量二级标准;秸秆或生物炭添加提高了水稻根或茎叶中重金属的截留,降低了籽粒中的积累;秸秆还田对于水稻Cu的吸收积累控制效果显著,添加1%、2%、4%和8%的秸秆分别使糙米中的Cu含量降低了35%、51%、64%和71%;生物炭添加对于控制水稻Cd的吸收积累效果显著,1%、2%、4%和8%生物炭添加量分别使水稻Cd的积累降低了21%、33%、36%和35%.对于Zn的吸收积累,两种还田方式均具有显著的控制效果;但在As污染稻田,秸秆直接还田应慎重,因为秸秆添加可显著提高糙米中As的积累.通过对比不同的秸秆还田量对控制糙米中重金属积累的效果,同时考虑该区域重金属的污染状况和还田成本,推荐在该施肥区域实施2%的秸秆直接还田.该研究将为水稻安全生产与农业废弃物循环利用提供理论与实践指导.     

Antimony transformation and mobilization from stibnite by an antimonite oxidizing bacterium Bosea sp. AS-1

Soils and waters are heavily contaminated by antimony in Xikuangshan（XKS） mine area.It is widely accepted that oxidative dissolution of sulfide minerals and aqueous dissolution are the most prevalent geochemical mechanisms for the release of Sb to the environment.Bosea sp. AS-1 is an antimonite-oxidizer isolated from the mine slag in Xikuangshan Sb mine. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of multiple sulfur-oxidizing genes,antimony（Sb） metabolism genes and carbon fixation genes in AS-...     

庐山名人别墅de建筑环境与自然空间

●庐山的历史遗迹以其独特的方式,融汇在具有突出价值的自然美之中,形成了具有极高美学价值的,与中华民族精神和文化生活紧密相联的文化景观.     

CGE model-based analysis of the neutralized hybrid carbon policy and its decomposed effects on economic growth,carbon reduction,and energy utilization costs

The hybrid policy is a flexible policy tool that combines features of carbon trading and carbon taxation.Its economic and environmental effects under China's background are still not studied in detail.Given the exogenous carbon reduction targets,carbon prices,and carbon tax-rates,by computable general equilibrium modeling methods and factor decomposition methods,this article investigates direct and cascaded effects of the hybrid policy on economic growth,energy utilization,and carbon emission on the national level and the sector level,with China's national input-output data-set.Stepwisely,policy scenarios with irrational estimated results are selectively excluded based on comprehensive evaluation among economic,carbon reduction and other policy targets.As a result,against national economic conditions in 2007,the hybrid policy,with a carbon reduction target of -10%,a carbon tax-rate of around $10,and a ceiling carbon price of $40,is highly recommended,because of its significant lower economic loss,lower energy utilization cost,and practical robustness against fluctuation of energy market and carbon market.Furthermore,by decomposition analysis,carbon reduction-related costs are decomposed into a direct part that includes carbon allowance price and carbon tax,and an indirect part as the energy price incremental induced by direct carbon costs.Gross carbon reduction may be decomposed into three parts such as energy intensity,economic scale,and technical progress.And,carbon taxation is the main policy tool that stimulates to improve the energy efficiency.     

基于OMI数据的青岛市酸沉降通量估算

针对地面监测点位过少,不能满足大区域范围土壤酸沉降通量研究需求的现状,建立了基于OMI痕量气体遥感数据和地面观测数据的区域酸沉降通量估算方法,并对青岛市硫元素和氮元素沉降通量进行了估算。结果表明,新方法能够实现大区域范围土壤酸沉降通量的估算。与传统估算方法相比,新方法采用大气痕量气体遥感监测数据,是对酸沉降通量常规研究手段的有益补充。     

Potential health risk of arsenic and cadmium in groundwater near Xiangjiang River, China: a case study for risk assessment and management of toxic substances

As part of our efforts to find effective methods to the drinking water risk management, the health risk assessment of arsenic and cadmium in groundwater near Xiangjiang River was analyzed. The results suggest that although the arsenic and cadmium concentrations in 97% of groundwater sources are less than the requirement of Water Quality Standards for Drinking Water (GB5749-2006) in China, the residents served by almost all of the investigated centralized drinking water sources have a significant potential health risk by consumption, especially cancer risk. It is justified through analyses that risk assessment is an effective tool for risk management, and the maximum permissible concentration of arsenic and cadmium in drinking water (0.01 and 0.005?mg L^-1, respectively) is suitable for China at present, considering the current economic status of China. Risk managers develop cleanup standards designed to protect against all possible adverse effects, which should take into account highly exposed individuals, effects of mixtures of toxic substances, attendant uncertainties, and other factors such as site-specific (or generic) criteria, technical feasibility, cost?Cbenefit analyses, and sociopolitical concerns.     

The electrochemical selective reduction of NO using CoSe2@CNTs hybrid

Converting the NO from gaseous pollutant into NH₄ ⁺ through electrocatalytical reduction using cost-effective materials holds great promise for pollutant purifying and resources recycling. In this work, we developed a highly selective and stable catalyst CoSe₂ nanoparticle hybridized with carbon nanotubes (CoSe₂@CNTs). The CoSe₂@CNTs hybrid catalysts performed an extraordinary high selectivity for NH₄ ⁺ formation in NO electroreduction with minimal N₂O production and H₂ evolution. The specific spatial structure of CoSe₂ is conductive to the predominant formation of N-H bond between the N from adsorbed NO and H and inhibition of N-N formation from adjacent adsorbed NO. It was also the first time to convert the coordinated NO into NH₄ ⁺ using non-noble metal catalysis. Moreover, the original concept of employing CoSe₂ as eletrocatalyst for NO hydrogenation presented in this work can broaden horizons and provide new dimensions in the design of new highly efficient catalysts for NH₄ ⁺ synthesis in aqueous solution.

     

长江中上游川鄂湘三省玉米资源及生产发展方向

论述四川、湖北、湖南三省发展玉米生产的重要性，分析玉米资源分布、生产状况和生产特点。指出玉米合理布局的方向。是以集中产区为重点，建设玉米生产专业化区域化区、并以建立商品基地县作为突破口，同时，挖掘一般产区的生产潜力，开展新区。提出依靠科学技术的进步发展玉米生产。在玉米生产基地，建立玉（米）工商经济环流体系，发展饲料、饲养、畜产品加工一条龙联合企业。