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91.
Pedological characteristics of Mn mine tailings and metal accumulation by native plants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In southern China revegetation and ecological restoration of many abandoned Mn tailings has become a major concern. To determine the major constraints for plant establishment and evaluate the feasibility of remediation, a comparative study was conducted on Mn tailings and rhizosphere soils at the boundary of the tailings pond. Both tailings and rhizosphere soils had neutral to slightly alkaline pH and normal electrical conductivity. They were both enriched with organic matter (6.8-9.2%), total N (1.77-5.94 g kg(-1)), available P (41.78-73.83 mg kg(-1)) and K (146.7-906.9 mg kg(-1)), suggesting the tailings were a nutrient rich substrate for revegetation. Mn tailings were clay textured, while rhizosphere soils were silty loam or clay loam. The compaction and anoxic nature of Mn tailings were considered to be the major constraints for plant establishment. Total Mn (31903 mg kg(-1)), Cd (119 mg kg(-1)), Cu (126 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (2490 mg kg(-1)) in tailings were all at phytotoxic levels, but did not differ significantly from those in rhizosphere soils. In both tailings and rhizosphere soils, percentages of water- and DTPA-extractable metals were less than 1% and 2% of the total metal pools, respectively. Sequential extraction revealed that the majority of Mn, Cu and Zn were associated with the residual fraction, while the majority of Cd occurred as Fe-Mn oxides. The natural succession of plants around Mn tailings formed a distinctive metal-tolerant plant community, mainly comprising nine species such as Cynodon dactylon and Humulus scandens and so on. All species studied could be good candidates for revegetation of Mn tailings. 相似文献
92.
Luo Lina Gong Weijia Qin Liyuan Ma Yiwen Ju Wencong Wang Hongyan 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1804-1812
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Based on the different characteristics of cow manure and rice straw, liquid- and solid-state coupling anaerobic digestion (L-SS-AD) is designed in... 相似文献
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Fan Jiawei Wu Haixia Liu Ruoyu Meng Liyuan Sun Yongjun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2522-2548
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Discharge plasma technology is a new advanced oxidation technology for water treatment, which includes the effects of free radical oxidation, high... 相似文献
96.
Study on the mechanism of copper–ammonia complex decomposition in struvite formation process and enhanced ammonia and copper removal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cong Peng Liyuan ChaiChongjian Tang Xiaobo MinYuxia Song Chengshan DuanCheng Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(1):222-233
Heavy metals and ammonia are difficult to remove from wastewater, as they easily combine into refractory complexes. The struvite formation method (SFM) was applied for the complex decomposition and simultaneous removal of heavy metal and ammonia. The results indicated that ammonia deprivation by SFM was the key factor leading to the decomposition of the copper–ammonia complex ion. Ammonia was separated from solution as crystalline struvite, and the copper mainly co-precipitated as copper hydroxide together with struvite. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction were considered to be the main surface interactions between struvite and copper hydroxide. Hydrogen bonding was concluded to be the key factor leading to the co-precipitation. In addition, incorporation of copper ions into the struvite crystal also occurred during the treatment process. 相似文献
97.
为分析太原市采暖期和非采暖期PM2.5的特征,利用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)分析太原市典型生活区采暖期(2016年3月11-18日)和非采暖期(2016年4月1-7日)PM2.5的来源及组成.结果表明:① 采暖期(停暖前)颗粒物有机碳、硫酸盐和多环芳烃等信号强度大于非采暖期(停暖后),而元素碳、硝酸盐、铵盐等反之.② 为了尽可能排除气象因素的影响,选取风向(东南风)、风级(二级)相同时段的颗粒物进行分析,停暖前后颗粒物主要化学组分为有机碳、混合碳和元素碳,采暖前有机碳占比(达51.9%)最高,非采暖期元素碳占比(32.6%)最高.采暖期有机碳、高分子有机物和左旋葡聚糖占比明显高于非采暖期,元素碳、矿物质和重金属反之.③ 停暖前后首要的两类污染源为燃煤和机动车尾气,二者贡献率之和分别高达70.1%和67.4%,可见本地主要受这两类源的影响.燃煤在采暖期为首要污染源,并且贡献比例高于非采暖期,而机动车尾气在非采暖期为首要污染源,且比例明显高于采暖期.研究显示,采暖和非采暖期虽然首要污染源有所差异,但在污染过程中,机动车尾气源的贡献比例均高于优良时段,说明无论是采暖期还是非采暖期,除燃煤排放的影响外,机动车尾气的影响也需得到重视,建议加强机动车燃油品质的升级,使用清洁煤,并在重污染时段采取相应的管控措施. 相似文献
98.
秸秆还田对水稻镉积累及其亚细胞分布的影响 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:7
镉(Cd)是人类一级致癌物,大米食用是以大米为主食人群摄入Cd的主要途径.秸秆还田是秸秆处理中主要方式,在Cd污染稻田被广泛应用,其对水稻Cd吸收及水稻体内Cd的分布产生的影响不可忽视.本研究选用Cd水稻土,通过盆栽和大田试验分析了不同的秸秆还田用量(0.0%、1.0%、2.5%和5.0%)对Cd的亚细胞分布以及在水稻籽粒中积累的影响.结果表明水稻根细胞中的Cd主要分布在细胞壁中,占总Cd的86%~95%,茎叶细胞的细胞壁与可溶部分中的Cd含量相当,分别占总Cd的30%~51%和35%~61%.秸秆按1%和2.5%比例还田能显著提高根中Cd含量,以及细胞壁中Cd含量及其分配比例,并降低水稻体内Cd由根向茎叶转运;但5%的秸秆还田,分蘖期根中Cd含量和细胞壁中Cd含量显著降低,Cd由根向茎叶转运系数提高,灌浆期的根中Cd含量和细胞壁中Cd含量均显著提高,转运系数没有显著变化.大田试验前茬的水稻秸秆和油菜秸秆中Cd含量均较高,分别是0.49 mg·kg~(-1)和0.67 mg·kg~(-1);油菜秸秆单独还田或与石灰一起还田均没有显著影响水稻糙米或秸秆中Cd的积累;水稻秸秆单独还田也没有显著改变水稻糙米或秸秆中Cd的积累,但与石灰一起还田时能显著降低糙米和秸秆中的Cd积累;生物炭添加能显著降低水稻体内的Cd积累,且与石灰一起添加降Cd效果更显著.因此,当用Cd污染稻田前茬所产水稻秸秆还田时,建议与石灰一起添加可达到显著降Cd的效果.该研究将为Cd污染稻田的水稻安全生产与秸秆循环利用提供理论与实践指导. 相似文献
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100.
通过国内外油田含油污泥处理和综合利用的调研,确定了黑龙江省油田含油污泥的处理和综合利用途径主要有填埋处理、农用、垫井场和通井路、公路路基土方。DB23/T 1413-2010《油田含油污泥综合利用污染控制标准》最终将油田含油污泥中的石油类等11项指标,作为油田含油污泥用于垫井场和通井路或农用综合利用的污染控制指标。 相似文献