水泥炉窑SNCR及SCR烟气脱硝技术比较

通过分析水泥炉窑氮氧化物(NOx)生成机理、脱除技术以及国内外水泥炉窑脱硝现状并结合我国具体情况,探讨适合我国的水泥炉窑切实可行脱硝技术,为"十二五"期间我国水泥炉窑开展烟气脱硝整治工作提供技术性方向。     

餐厨垃圾综合资源化处理技术实例研究

在目前餐厨垃圾处理现状基础上,介绍了一种餐厨垃圾处理工艺,采用机械生物处理技术,包括收运系统、粉碎分选预处理、厌氧发酵生物处理、沼气热电联供、有机堆肥、废水处理、除臭系统多个环节,分离出油脂进行回收,垃圾厌氧发酵产生沼气发电,沼渣进行堆肥,以期实现餐厨垃圾减量化、无害化、资源化,解决"垃圾猪"、"地沟油"问题。     

污泥臭氧原位减量工艺中四环素及大环内酯类抗生素的去除

建立了一套中试规模的污泥臭氧原位减量(SOR)系统,通过长期(111 d)运行考察了其对四环素、土霉素、强力霉素和阿奇霉素的去除效果.结果表明,SOR工艺可以实现剩余污泥零排放,化学需氧量和氮的去除性能与常规厌氧/缺氧/好氧(A/A/O)工艺接近,但除磷性能有所下降.SOR工艺出水中目标抗生素浓度与常规A/A/O工艺无明显差别,而污泥中目标抗生素含量明显低于常规A/A/O工艺.质量衡算表明,目标抗生素在A/A/O及SOR工艺中的输入输出均渐趋平衡;SOR工艺进水中91.2%～98.1%的目标抗生素被臭氧降解,而常规A/A/O工艺进水中82.3%～91.2%的目标抗生素随剩余污泥排放.因此,SOR工艺可以同步削减污水处理厂中剩余污泥及抗生素向环境中的排放.     

废弃硅钼棒循环再利用制备MoSi2 基抗氧化涂层

目的在实现钼资源循环再利用的同时,提高钼合金高温抗氧化性能。方法将废弃硅钼棒破碎、球磨制成粉末,并结合玻璃粉和硅粉作为原料,采用浆料法在钼基体上制备MoSi_2基抗氧化涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和1400℃静态等温氧化实验等分析涂层的微观组织、结构及抗氧化性能。结果制备的MoSi_2基抗氧化涂层厚度约500μm,涂层整体上呈现出相对致密的结构。在1400℃氧化20h后,涂层质量增量为5.88 mg/cm2,呈现出较好的防氧化效果。结论利用浆料法,以废弃硅钼棒为原料,在实现钼资源回收再利用的同时,为钼合金表面制备具有较好抗氧化性能的MoSi_2基抗氧化涂层。氧化过程中,涂层在表面形成了一层致密的SiO2玻璃,具有较强的阻氧能力,减少氧气向基体的渗入,可以在高温氧化环境有效提升钼基体的抗氧化能力。     

我国典型核电厂址海域中广域性鱼类的热耐受性研究

开展温排水对受纳水体中海洋生物的热耐受性研究,是温排水环境影响评价及其排放控制标准建立和完善的必要环节和重要依据。本文以红沿河、石岛湾、三门和台山4个典型核电厂址邻近海域作为研究区域,选取典型核电厂址海域内共有的广域性鱼类（即矛尾鰕虎鱼（chaeturichthys stigmatias））,通过受控实验研究目标鱼类的高起始致死温度及不同季节中温升速率对其耐温能力即最高临界温度的影响。试验结果表明:温升速率对不同厂址海域捕获的矛尾鰕虎鱼在不同季节的最大临界温度（critical temperature maximum,CTM）的影响规律不同;CTM和24 h高起始致死温度（upper incipient lethal temperature,UILT₅₀）与试验起始温度成正比;同一物种CTM的主要影响因素除了温升速率、试验起始温度,还有物种个体大小、生长发育阶段等其他关键因素;相同条件下矛尾鰕虎鱼的CTM均高于其24 hUILT₅₀。     

Impacts of Mauritia flexuosa degradation on the carbon stocks of freshwater peatlands in the Pastaza-Marañón river basin of the Peruvian Amazon

Tropical peat swamp forests (PSF) are characterized by high quantities of carbon (C) stored as organic soil deposits due to waterlogged conditions which slows down decomposition. Globally, Peru has one of the largest expanse of tropical peatlands, located primarily within the Pastaza-Marañón river basin in the Northwestern Peru. Peatland forests in Peru are dominated by a palm species—Mauritia flexuosa, and M. flexuosa-dominated forests cover ~?80% of total peatland area and store ~?2.3 Pg C. However, hydrologic alterations, land cover change, and anthropogenic disturbances could lead to PSF’s degradation and loss of valuable ecosystem services. Therefore, evaluation of degradation impacts on PSF’s structure, biomass, and overall C stocks could provide an estimate of potential C losses into the atmosphere as greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. This study was carried out in three regions within Pastaza-Marañón river basin to quantify PSF’s floristic composition and degradation status and total ecosystem C stocks. There was a tremendous range in C stocks (Mg C ha^?1) in various ecosystem pools—vegetation (45.6–122.5), down woody debris (2.1–23.1), litter (2.3–7.8), and soil (top 1 m; 109–594). Mean ecosystem C stocks accounting for the top 1 m soil were 400, 570, and 330 Mg C ha^?1 in Itaya, Tigre, and Samiria river basins, respectively. Considering the entire soil depth, mean ecosystem C stocks were 670, 1160, and 330 Mg C ha^?1 in Itaya, Tigre, and Samiria river basins, respectively. Floristic composition and calcium to Magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio of soil profile offered evidence of a site undergoing vegetational succession and transitioning from minerotrophic to ombrotrophic system. Degradation ranged from low to high levels of disturbance with no significant difference between regions. Increased degradation tended to decrease vegetation and forest floor C stocks and was significantly correlated to reduced M. flexuosa biomass C stocks. Long-term studies are needed to understand the linkages between M. flexuosa harvest and palm swamp forest C stocks; however, river dynamics are important natural drivers influencing forest succession and transition in this landscape.

     

沈阳工业区夏季VOCs组成特征及其对二次污染形成的贡献

利用2019年和2020年夏季沈阳市工业区大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的观测数据,研究沈阳市夏季工业区大气VOCs的组成特征并初步判断其来源,并利用最大增量反应活性(MIR)和气溶胶生成系数(FAC)法分别估算该地大气VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)及二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(AFP).结果表明,观测期间沈阳市工业区ρ(总VOCs)平均值为41.66μg·m^-3,烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃和乙炔分别占总VOCs浓度的48.50%、 14.08%、 15.37%和22.05%.浓度排名前10的物种累计占总VOCs浓度的69.25%,其中大部分为C2～C5的烷烃,还包括乙炔、乙烯和部分芳香烃.总VOCs整体上呈现出早晚浓度高、中午浓度低的日变化特征,峰值分别出现在06:00和22:00,11:00～16:00处于较低水平.由甲苯/苯(T/B)和异戊烷/正戊烷的比值判断工业区主要受机动车尾气排放、溶剂使用、燃烧源和LPG/NG的影响.工业区大气VOCs的总AFP为41.43×10^-2μg·m^-3,其中芳香烃的贡献最大;总OFP贡献值为1...     

A new report of mesomelic camptomelia,polydactyly and Dandy–Walker complex in siblings

Two male siblings with several malformations are reported. The anomalies detected in both fetuses were mesomelic camptomelia, postaxial hexadactyly and Dandy–Walker complex. There was only one similar previous report in the literature. This combination could represent a specific pattern of malformation or a new syndrome, with different variants. The parents' consanguinity and the recurrence in a subsequent pregnancy suggest an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.