Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

赤铁矿的硫化改性及硫化产物对水中六价铬的还原固定化

以赤铁矿为原料、硫化钠为硫化试剂,对赤铁矿进行了硫化改性,考察了硫化赤铁矿(SH) 对水中六价铬Cr(Ⅵ) 的还原固定化性能。 Langmuir等温吸附模型拟合结果表明,该材料在pH=7时对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量为66.7 mg·g⁻¹,约为原始赤铁矿的39倍。SH对 Cr(Ⅵ) 的去除过程符合准二级动力学模型,表明该过程可能受化学吸附控制。进一步采用TEM、XRD等手段对SH进行了表征,并结合材料吸附前后的XPS图谱变化,对SH去除水中 Cr(Ⅵ) 的机制进行了分析。结果表明, 与未改性的赤铁矿相比,硫化改性赤铁矿对Cr(Ⅵ)去除性能显著提高的原因可能源于赤铁矿表面形成的铁-硫化合物层。在SH还原固定化 Cr(Ⅵ) 的过程中,表面硫化层中的还原性物质FeS、吸附态 Fe(Ⅱ) 和 S(-II) 将 Cr(Ⅵ) 还原为 Cr(Ⅲ),从而实现对Cr(Ⅵ) 的稳定化。     

气质联用分析加硫酸化污泥中的有机酸

分别采用两种前处理方法分离富集加硫酸化污泥中的有机酸.方法一,利用阴离子交换树脂分离富集有机酸,在不洗脱的情况下直接和乙醇进行酯化反应,然后进行气质联用分析;方法二,利用活性炭纤维吸附型固相微萃取(ACF-SPME)的方法,顶空萃取分离后进行气质联用分析.两种方法的分析结果都未检测到酸化污泥中存在短链的有机酸,只检测到个别长链的和带苯环结构的有机酸.     

城市生活污水处理后回用作热电厂循环冷却水的可行性研究

选用适合热电厂特点的水处理剂,利用静态试验,动态模拟试验手段,对城市生活污水回用于热电厂循环冷却水系统中的复配药剂的阻垢缓蚀性能进行了研究.通过试验表明,污水回用是可行的,为城市生活污水回用于热电厂循环冷却水系统工程提供了可靠的参数.     

基于SBR反应器的ANAMMOX工艺的启动运行

采用SBR反应器,接种好氧硝化污泥,在142 d内于较高负荷下成功启动了厌氧氨氧化反应器.反应器总氮容积负荷(以N计)为0.43 kg/m3·d,总氮去除率最高达到93.3%,平均为80.5%;氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率最高达到93.9%和99.8%,平均去除率为81.2%和85.7%.在稳定运行阶段,氨氮去除量、亚硝酸盐氮去除量、硝酸盐氮生成量三者之间的比值为1:1.38:0.18.反应器启动过程中,出水、进水pH差值的变化趋势由负到正,然后稳定在一定范围内;且污泥性状有较大变化,污泥中微生物所占比率有所提高,整个反应器中适应厌氧氨氧化运行方式的菌种增殖较快.     

高浓度焦化废水湿式氧化铜系催化剂的研制

通过共沉淀法制备了铜系催化剂 ,用于催化湿式氧化处理高浓度焦化废水。结果表明 ,铜氧化物催化剂的催化活性明显优于其他过渡金属氧化物 ;优化催化剂的设计和制备方法 ,可有效地改善Cu2 +的溶出问题 ,使该类催化剂具有广阔的应用前景     

Spatial and temporal organic and heavy metal pollution at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve,Hong Kong

An intensive monthly sampling of water and sediments from 12 sites over 8 months covering wet and dry seasons at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve was conducted during June 1997-February 1998. Major organic (C, N and P) and heavy metal pollutants (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) water and sediment samples were examined. The results showed that Mai Po Marshes were severely polluted by organic matter and heavy metals, and the water from Deep Bay appeared to be the source of pollution. Up to 13-55% chance that the sediments of Mai Po Marshes were classified as moderately to seriously metal contaminated materials, according to the guideline set by Hong Kong Government. Empirical models describing organic matter and heavy metal spatial and seasonal dynamics in the water and sediments were formulated, based on data analysis. During wet season (June-October), more than 58% variations of total P can be explained by ortho-P in water, while ammonia-N explained up to 90% variations of total Kjeldahl nitrogen in water. Throughout the whole sampling period (June-February), there were significant correlations (p<0.01) between total organic C in water. pH in the sediments and salinity in water appeared to be important factors determining heavy metal mobility in sediments, while potential metal release from the sediments is a concern when any oxidizing processes such as flooding or dredging are imposed on sediments.     

MnO2负载树脂的制备及对As（V）的去除效果

制备了大孔和DH302 2种MnO2的负载树脂。并用SEM、EDS手段表征了负载树脂，实验了负载MnO2后树脂对As（V）的去除效果。结果表明：负载树脂对As（V）的去除效果比原树脂有很大提高；吸附As（V）后的2种负载树脂，均能较好地解吸并可重新用于对As（V）的吸附实验。     

Control of NOx emissions by air staging in small- and medium-scale biomass pellet boilers

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effect of air staging strategies on NOx control was investigated on a 210-kW small-scale biomass boiler (SBB) and a 1.4-MW medium-scale biomass...     

不同比例乙酸和丙酸对活性污泥微生物合成聚羟基脂肪酸酯的影响

聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）是一种生物可降解塑料,利用活性污泥合成PHA具有节约成本、操作方便的优点。研究选择污泥发酵液挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）中比重相对较高的乙酸和丙酸作为碳源自配营养液,深入研究不同质量浓度比对PHA合成的影响。结果表明,乙酸为主要碳源时更有利于PHA的合成,最大合成量12.3%出现在乙酸作为唯一碳源的条件下。此外,PHA合成量随着底物中有机酸比重的增加而增加,充分展现了利用挥发性脂肪酸大量合成PHA的良好前景。