Chemical characteristics of organic aerosol in Bab-Ezzouar (Algiers). Contribution of bituminous product manufacture

The organic compositions of atmospheric particulate matter from Bab-Ezzouar (Algiers) have been investigated to assess the air pollution levels suspected to be caused by asphalt product and yeast manufactures. After a medium-volume air sampling, soxhlet extraction, alumina elution and HPLC separation, the extracts were analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The composition of n-alkane and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) fractions reflected the petrogenic origin from the emission of asphalt materials production in addition to vascular plant wax emissions. In contrast, microbial activities seemed to play the main role for the presence of n-alkanoic acids at Bab-Ezzouar. The sole nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAH) observed, i.e., 2-nitrofluoranthene (2NFA), was very likely to arise from gas-phase photochemical reaction of parent PAH in the atmosphere. The total aerial levels ranged from 75 to 206 ng m(-3) for n-alkanes, from 153 to 345 ng m(-3) for n-alkanoic acids and from 44 to 100 ng m(-3) for PAH and NPAH. Although the samples were collected during the hot season, the levels of these pollutants seemed to be important and of environmental concern, especially for PAH species.     

突发性气象灾害监测系统的设计

本文探讨了一种以新一代多普勒天气雷达为探测手段,应用GIS技术,借助Surfer等值线分析功能,获取灾害性天气落区、面积等定量化信息的方法,并据此以VB及VBA开发了一套突发性气象灾害监测系统,并给出了该系统一次典型冰雹过程的应用实例.     

Eucalyptus ESTs related to genes for oxidative stress

Oxidative stress generating active oxygen species has been proved to be one of the underlying agents causing tissue injury after the exposure of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) plants to a wide variety of stress conditions. The objective of this study was to perform data mining to identify favorable genes and alleles associated with the enzyme systems superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferase that are related to tolerance for environmental stresses and damage caused by pests, diseases, herbicides, and by weeds themselves. This was undertaken by using the eucalyptus expressed-sequence database (https//forests.esalq.usp.br). The alignment results between amino acid and nucleotide sequences indicated that the studied enzymes were adequately represented in the ESTs database of the FORESTs project.     

工作价值观、调节焦点与安全绩效的关系研究——基于煤矿企业新生代员工的实证分析

为了从价值观和调节焦点的双重视角给煤矿企业新生代员工的安全管理提供科学依据,在文献研究和问卷调查的基础上,对 244 个有效样本进行分析,揭示煤矿企业新生代员工工作价值观的具体内容,结合动机理论和调节焦点理论,构建煤矿企业新生代员工工作价值观、调节焦点和安全绩效的结构方程模型。研究结果表明:煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观包含发展导向、自我导向、关系认同、独立自主、利益导向和创造导向6个因子结构;煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观、调节焦点和安全绩效两两之间均显著相关;煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观不仅可以直接预测安全绩效,还可以通过调节焦点的中介作用间接影响煤矿员工的安全绩效。     

近45a宁夏气温、降水及植被指数的变化分析

利用1961~2005年宁夏气温、降水资料,并结合1982~2003年植被指数(NDVI)数据,分析了宁夏气温、降水和NDVI的时空变化特征。结果表明:近45a来,宁夏气温明显升高,降水总体呈减少趋势;冬季和引黄灌区升温最明显,冬季降水增加,其它季节及各地区降水减少,其中秋季和宁夏南部山区减少最明显;秋冬季降水在1968年前后发生了突变,突变后,冬季降水增多,秋季降水减少;1985~1996年间发生了气温突变,突变后各季及各地区气温明显升高,冬春季和引黄灌区降水增多,其它季节和地区降水减少,极端气候事件较突变前发生更为频繁;近20a宁夏区域内NDVI值呈增加趋势,荒漠化面积整体得到控制。进一步分析表明,前一年气温偏高、夏季降水增加时,有利于当年NDVI值增加。     

Taxing overexploited open-access fisheries: the role of demand elasticity

The paper aims at identifying the effects exerted by a tax levy on an overexploited and previously unregulated fishery. The analysis is carried out by means of a dynamic model that includes fish stock and harvesting effort as state variables. Attention is focused on the role played by demand elasticity which is shown to affect both transients and equilibria.According to the analysis, a levy induces a contraction in effort, which is sharper in the short term. As a consequence, the fish population recovers and ultimately settles at a higher equilibrium level. Therefore, a larger amount of fish is caught in the long run and sold at a lower price than in the unregulated setting. The more inelastic the demand, the smaller both the equilibrium price for fish and the tax imposed.     

Prenatal diagnosis of haemoglobin disorders by cordocentesis at 12 weeks' gestation

Prenatal diagnosis of haemoglobin disorders is accepted to be a useful procedure to avoid births of infants with homozygous diseases. Advances in sampling and molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and chorionic villus sampling (CVS), have made earlier and safer first-trimester prenatal diagnosis possible. However, these procedures need previous studies of at-risk couples, which can be very time-consuming when a number of different β-thalassaemia mutations occur in the region. We describe the possibility of making a first-trimester prenatal diagnosis by cordocentesis and fetal blood analysis at the 12th week of gestation. We found no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between β/γ values in fetuses at the 12th and 18th weeks of gestation. In seven affected fetuses aborted at the 12th week of gestation, the diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by PCR analysis. These findings suggest that early cordocentesis could be an alternative procedure to CVS and PCR analysis.