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排序方式: 共有1485条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
52.
Di Bernardino Annalisa Monti Paolo Leuzzi Giovanni Querzoli Giorgio 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2020,20(4):987-1005
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - We present results from water-channel experiments on neutrally-stable turbulent flows over staggered arrays of cubical obstacles modelling idealised urban canopies.... 相似文献
53.
Dietary uptake is the major way that inorganic arsenic (iAs) enters into benthic fish; however, the metabolic process of dietborne iAs in fish muscle following chronic exposure remains unclear. This was a 40-day study on chronic dietborne iAs [arsenite (AsIII) and arsenate (AsV)] exposure in the benthic freshwater food fish, the crucian carp (Carassius auratus), which determined the temporal profiles of iAs metabolism and toxicokinetics during exposure. We found that an adaptive response occurred in the fish body after iAs dietary exposure, which was associated with decreased As accumulation and increased As transformation into a non-toxic As form (arsenobetaine). The bioavailability of dietary AsIII was lower than that of AsV, probably because AsIII has a lower ability to pass through fish tissues. Dietary AsV exhibited a high potential for transformation into AsIII species, which then accumulated in fish muscle. The largely produced AsIII considered more toxic at the earlier stage of AsV exposure should attract sufficient attention to human exposure assessment. Therefore, the pristine As species and exposure duration had significant effects on As bioaccumulation and biotransformation in fish. The behavior determined for dietborne arsenic in food fish is crucial for not only arsenic ecotoxicology but also food safety. 相似文献
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采用水解酸化 CAST 混凝 复合滤池与水解酸化 接触氧化 混凝 复合滤池2种组合工艺对造纸中段废水与生活污水进行合并处理对照试验.结果表明,两种工艺都是切实可行的,二级出水均可达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB8978-1996)二级标准,深度处理出水可达中水水质要求.其中以水解酸化 CAST 混凝 复合滤池组合工艺效果最好. 相似文献
56.
市场与政府对农户绿色防控技术采纳的协同作用分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
农户绿色防控技术的采纳对于农药减量、农产品质量提升和生态环境保护具有重要的积极作用。基于湖北宜昌、丹江口和江西赣州285个柑橘种植户样本,运用二元Logistic回归方法,分析市场利润与政府的激励和约束政策对农户绿色防控技术采纳意愿和行为的影响。研究表明:(1)仍有36.14%的样本农户在具有绿色防控技术采纳意愿的前提下并没有真实的绿色防控技术采纳行为;(2)农户的绿色防控技术采纳行为表达受市场利润与政府激励和约束政策的双重影响。在绿色市场发展不完善,市场利润激励不足的情况下,政府激励与约束政策均能不同程度促进农户的绿色防控技术采纳行为。也即政府激励与约束政策弥补绿色农产品市场不足,在引导和规范农户的绿色病虫害防治上起到积极作用。 相似文献
57.
安徽省镇域经济发展水平的时空分异及空间格局影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于1 244个镇域研究单元的人均财政收入数据,采用多种空间方法分析安徽省镇域经济发展水平的时空差异特征,并运用地理加权回归(GWR)进行影响因素分析。结论如下:(1)从不平衡度指数看,该值在研究时序变化上先升后降,表明近期研究区内部差异程度有所减小;空间序列上南北差异较大,黄山、宣城等市内部差异较小,阜阳、亳州等市内部差异较大。(2)从Zip指数来看,虽然经济发展水平集中的力量逐渐减弱,但实力强劲乡镇的发展速度依然较快且其垄断性较强。(3)从空间分异格局看,高值区主要有两大组团,一处在皖南区集聚且逐渐向北扩展,但2016年有所缩减;另一处则贯穿南北形成条带状“串珠”,呈现先逐渐扩大后几乎消失的变化特征。中值区呈基底状分布在皖中区域。低值区分布在西北和东北,其中西北区逐渐向南扩大,东北区逐渐减小。(4)从空间集聚状态看,4种显著类型区均存在且以显著HH区和显著LL区为主。显著HH区在黄山市周围集聚,并逐渐向池州、宣城扩展;显著LL区在阜阳、亳州等市集聚,并逐渐向南延伸;显著HL区和显著LH区数量较少且集聚现象不明显。(5)从影响因素来看,基于回归系数的平均值对经济发展水平的影响从大到小依次为建成区人口/总人口>常住人口>从业人员>二三产业从业人员/从业人员>行政面积>建成区面积/总面积>工业增加值>人均工业产值>地均工业产值。 相似文献
58.
合成了一种高吸附容量的磁性生物炭负载Mg-Fe水滑石复合材料(L-BC),并用于去除水中的Cd2+和Ni2+。表征结果表明,采用浸渍联合热解法成功制备了磁性生物炭(M-BC),水热合成法成功地将Mg-Fe水滑石负载在M-BC上。动力学研究结果表明,Cd2+和Ni2+吸附符合伪二级动力学模型,化学吸附为速率控制步骤。等温吸附研究结果表明,L-BC对Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附符合Langmuir模型,为单分子层化学吸附,最大吸附量分别为263.156 mg/g和43.291 mg/g。吸附机理主要为Mg-Fe水滑石层间CO32-和表面羟基与Cd2+和Ni2+产生表面共沉淀。L-BC具有良好的吸附和重复利用性能,是一种很有前景的去除Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附材料。 相似文献
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Andrea Emili Alessandro Acquavita Stefano Covelli Lucia Spada Antonella Di Leo Santina Giandomenico Nicola Cardellicchio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(13):12582-12595
In situ benthic flux experiments were conducted at two stations in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Italy), one of the most industrialised and contaminated coastal areas of the Mediterranean. Sediments of the two stations are notably different in their trace metal content, with a station closer to a Navy harbour showing higher mean concentrations of almost all investigated metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn). Conversely, both stations are characterised by significant Hg contamination, compared to the local baseline. Results of a sequential extraction scheme on surface sediments suggest a relatively scarce mobility of the examined metals (Zn > Ni > Cr > As > Cu > Pb). A Hg-specific extraction procedure showed that most of the element (93.1 %) occurs in a fraction comprising Hg bound to Fe/Mn oxi-hydroxides. Reduction of these oxides may affect Hg remobilisation and redistribution. Porewater profiles of dissolved trace metals were quite similar in the two sites, although significant differences could be observed for Al, Cu, Fe and Hg. The highest diffusive fluxes were observed for As, Fe and Mn. Mobility rates of several trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) were directly measured at the sediment–water interface. Results from benthic in situ incubation experiments showed increasing dissolved metal concentrations with time, resulting in higher fluxes for Cu, Fe, Hg, V and Zn in the most contaminated site. Conversely, fluxes of Mn, Ni and Pb were comparable between the two stations. The estimated flux of Hg (97 μg m?2 day?1) was the highest observed among similar experiments conducted in other highly contaminated Mediterranean coastal environments. Benthic fluxes could be partially explained by considering rates of organic matter remineralisation, dissolution of Fe/Mn oxy-hydroxides and metal speciation in sediments. Seasonal and spatial variation of biogeochemical parameters can influence metal remobilisation in the Mar Piccolo area. In particular, metals could be promptly remobilised as a consequence of oxygen depletion, posing a serious concern for the widespread fishing and mussel farming activities in the area. 相似文献