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361.
Aquaculture studies have revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids are critical for maintaining substantial growth, survival
and reproductive rates, and high food conversion efficiencies for a wide variety of marine and freshwater organisms. The aim
of this study was to investigate the gross biochemical and fatty acid composition of both neutral and polar lipid compartments
of the razor clam Solen marginatus throughout embryonic and larval development. High levels of stored reserves in S. marginatus eggs allow a short larval development, lasting only 8 days. The energy required for embryogenesis was obtained from stored
proteins. During larval development from D-shaped veliger until settlement, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate reserves were
indistinctly stored for metamorphosis. Although total lipids increased, fatty acids in both neutral and polar lipids decreased
during embryonic development. The depots allow a short larval development in which settlement is reached with lower amounts
of stored neutral and polar lipids than the contents found in the oocytes. Non-methylene-interrupted dienoic fatty acid levels
were similar to those of some polyunsaturated fatty acids, with increasing percentages at the onset of metamorphosis. This
study indicates that S. marginatus exhibits a different pattern in the use of gross biochemical and fatty acid reserves during larval development compared to
other razor clam and bivalve species, mainly due to the large size of its eggs and the short larval development stage reported
in this species. 相似文献
362.
Male Iberian rock lizards may reduce the costs of fighting by scent matching of the resource holders
Animals should adopt strategies to minimize the costs of intraspecific aggressive interactions. For example, individuals should
be able to identify resource holders in advance and avoid fighting with them because residents are generally more likely than
intruders escalate aggression. It has been suggested that scent marks function mainly to allow competitor assessment by conveying
the costs of entering a scent-marked area. Individuals may identify territory owners by comparing the scent of substrate marks
with the scent of any conspecific they encounter nearby, assessing whether these two scents match or not, a mechanism known
as scent matching. Here, we examined the response of male Iberolacerta cyreni lizards to areas scent-marked by other males and the potential role of scent matching in agonistic interactions. We designed
a laboratory experiment where we allowed a male to explore the scent-marked substrate of another male, and then we immediately
staged agonistic encounters in a nearby clean neutral area with either the male that had produced the scent marks (matching
treatment) or with a different non-matching individual male. The higher chemosensory exploratory rates of substrate scent
marks in comparison to clean substrates suggested that males detected and spent more time exploring scent marks to obtain
information on the donor male. Moreover, this information was later used to decide the fighting strategy. Intruding males
delayed time until the first agonistic interaction, reduced the intensity of fights and the number of aggressive interactions,
and won less interactions with males which scent matched that of scent marks (because they would be considered as the territory
owners) than with other non-matching individuals. Our results show that male I. cyreni lizards use scent matching as a mechanism to assess the ownership status of other males, which could contribute to modulate
intrasexual aggression, reducing costs of agonistic interactions. 相似文献
363.
Ochoa-González R Cuesta AF Córdoba P Díaz-Somoano M Font O López-Antón MA Querol X Martínez-Tarazona MR Giménez A 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(10):2586-2589
A full-scale field study was carried out at two Spanish coal-fired power plants equipped with electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and wet flue gas desulfurisation (FGD) systems to investigate the distribution of boron in coals, solid by-products, wastewater streams and flue gases. The results were obtained from the simultaneous sampling of solid, liquid and gaseous streams and their subsequent analysis in two different laboratories for purposes of comparison. Although the final aim of this study was to evaluate the partitioning of boron in a (co-)combustion power plant, special attention was paid to the analytical procedure for boron determination. A sample preparation procedure was optimised for coal and combustion by-products to overcome some specific shortcomings of the currently used acid digestion methods. In addition boron mass balances and removal efficiencies in ESP and FGD devices were calculated. Mass balance closures between 83 and 149% were obtained. During coal combustion, 95% of the incoming boron was collected in the fly ashes. The use of petroleum coke as co-combustible produced a decrease in the removal efficiency of the ESP (87%). Nevertheless, more than 90% of the remaining gaseous boron was eliminated via the FGD in the wastewater discharged from the scrubber, thereby causing environmental problems. 相似文献
364.
Alberto Bouzas Daniel Aguado Nuria Mart�� Jos�� Manuel Pastor Rosa Herr��ez Pilar Campins Aurora Seco 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,176(1-4):169-181
This paper reports the first results on alkylphenol pollution in edible bivalves from the Spanish coast. Two sampling campaigns (July 2006 and July 2007) were carried out to determine the concentration of nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), and eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialys) and clams (Donax trunculus) at 14 sampling sites along the eastern Mediterranean Spanish coast. The results show that NP is the predominant alkylphenol, being the port of Valencia the most polluted area (up to 147 ??g/kg wet weight in clams). Moving away from the ports the concentration of NP in bivalves decreased. OP concentration was below its detection limit in most of the studied areas and its maximum concentration (6 ??g/kg w/w) was measured in clams from the port of Sagunto. The presence of low levels of PAHs was observed in most of the studied areas. The total PAHs concentration (i.e., sum of the eight measured PAHs) achieved a maximum value of 10.09 ??g/kg w/w in the north coast of Valencia city. The distribution pattern of the individual PAHs showed that both pollution sources petrogenic and pyrolytic were present in the sampled areas. Fluoranthene was the most abundant PAH in mussels while benzo(b)fluoranthene in clams. The maximum concentration of 10 ??g/kg w/w for benzo(a)pyrene established by the European Commission was never reached, indeed sampled bivalves showed concentrations 10 times lower than this reference value. Thus, they can be considered safe for human consumption. Despite the low contamination levels, the results show an overall pollution of bivalves by alkylphenol and PAHs as well as an increment in the number of polluted areas from 2006 to 2007. Thus, periodical sampling campaigns should be carried out to monitor the long-term tendency of these toxic and persistent pollutants. 相似文献
365.
González-Arias Judith Martínez Elia Judith Gómez Xiomar Sánchez Marta E. Cara-Jiménez Jorge 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(2):991-997
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The societal demand for biomethane production by anaerobic digestion of waste and biomass is rapidly growing to build a circular economy, yet actual efficiency is... 相似文献
366.
Sedeño-Díaz Jacinto Elías López-López Eugenia Rodríguez-Romero A. Joseph Leos Karla Fierro Martínez Melissa Tiburcio Sánchez Oscar Emiliano Escobar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61630-61642
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Qanats in the aquifer of the Tehuacán Valley (Mexico) represent an ancient way of using groundwater that is still practiced today. They are used... 相似文献
367.
González-Moscoso Magín Juárez-Maldonado Antonio Cadenas-Pliego Gregorio Meza-Figueroa Diana SenGupta Bhaskar Martínez-Villegas Nadia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34147-34163
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we simulate the irrigation of tomato plants with arsenic (As)-contaminated water (from 0 to 3.2 mg L?1) and investigate... 相似文献
368.
Virginia Alves Martins Maria Cazelli Lucas Yhasnara Missilene da CristineSilva Layla Barros Saibro Murilo Bobco Fabia Emanuela Rafaloski Rubio Belen Ferreira Bruna Castelo Wellen Fernanda Louzada Santos José Francisco Ribeiro Sara Frontalini Fabrizio Martínez-Colón Michael Pereira Egberto Antonioli Luzia Geraldes Mauro Rocha Fernando Sousa Silvia Helena Mello e Manuel Alveirinho Dias João 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(46):69652-69679
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - We analyze potential Late Holocene metal contamination along a sediment core collected in the distal zone of Ria de Vigo (North Spain). Statistical... 相似文献
369.
Saúl Otero Encarnación Núñez-Olivera Javier Martínez-Abaigar Rafael Tomás Satu Huttunen 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(8-9):2335-2344
We analyzed bulk UV absorbance of methanolic extracts and levels of five UV-absorbing compounds (hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives) in 135 herbarium samples of the liverwort Jungermannia exsertifolia subsp. cordifolia from northern Europe. Samples had been collected in 1850–2006 (96% in June–August). Both UV absorbance and compound levels were correlated positively with collection year. p-Coumaroylmalic acid (C1) was the only compound showing a significant (and negative) correlation with stratospheric ozone and UV irradiance in the period that real data of these variables existed. Stratospheric ozone reconstruction (1850–2006) based on C1 showed higher values in June than in July and August, which coincides with the normal monthly variation of ozone. Combining all the data, there was no long-term temporal trend from 1850 to 2006. Reconstructed UV showed higher values in June–July than in August, but again no temporal trend was detected in 1918–2006 using the joint data. This agrees with previous UV reconstructions. 相似文献
370.
Martínez-Pérez Mariana Arenas-Huertero Francisco Cortés-Eslava Josefina Morton-Bermea Ofelia Gómez-Arroyo Sandra 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(24):31032-31042
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Evaluate the effect of heavy metals (HM) on sentinel organisms such as vascular plants represent a model to estimate toxic hazard due to environmental... 相似文献