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961.
Torben R. Christensen Marcin Jackowicz-Korczyński Mika Aurela Patrick Crill Michal Heliasz Mikhail Mastepanov Thomas Friborg 《Ambio》2012,41(3):207-217
This article reports a dataset on 8 years of monitoring carbon fluxes in a subarctic palsa mire based on micrometeorological eddy covariance measurements. The mire is a complex with wet minerotrophic areas and elevated dry palsa as well as intermediate sub-ecosystems. The measurements document primarily the emission originating from the wet parts of the mire dominated by a rather homogenous cover of Eriophorum angustifolium. The CO2/CH4 flux measurements performed during the years 2001–2008 showed that the areas represented in the measurements were a relatively stable sink of carbon with an average annual rate of uptake amounting to on average ?46 g C m?2 y?1 including an equally stable loss through CH4 emissions (18–22 g CH4–C m?2 y?1). This consistent carbon sink combined with substantial CH4 emissions is most likely what is to be expected as the permafrost under palsa mires degrades in response to climate warming. 相似文献
962.
Polychlorinated biphenyls in vacuum dust and blood of residents in 20 Wisconsin households 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Human exposure to PCBs is nearly universal in North America. While most exposure can be linked to consumption of contaminated fish, detection of PCBs in non-fish eating populations suggests that other routes of exposure including inhalation of PCB-laden particles or volatile congeners, ingestion of contaminated soil or dust, or dermal absorption following direct contact are also important. In an effort to assess the role of the residential environment as a source of exposure, vacuum dust was collected from the homes of 26 Wisconsin residents whose serum PCB levels had been measured approximately 2 years earlier. More than 60 congeners were detected in dust with all of the samples containing congeners 101, 110, 138 and 153. Total PCB levels ranged from 8.8 to 1186 ng g−1 with levels being highest in vacuum dust from homes built between 1959 and 1970. Total PCB levels ranged from 0.05 to 8.34 μg L−1 in serum collected from the adults living in these households, with congeners 138, 153 and 180 predominating. Hexa- and hepta-chlorinated biphenyls comprised 73% of the total residues detected in serum. However, most of the residues found in dust were lower chlorinated congeners with tetra- and penta-chlorinated biphenyls being dominant. Following log transformation, a positive association was found between serum and house dust PCB levels. This association was stronger among infrequent consumers of Great Lake fish, but of borderline statistical significance. This exploratory study suggests that house dust may be a significant source of exposure to PCBs and supports the need for further investigations. 相似文献
963.
C Lourencetti MR De Marchi ML Ribeiro 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(10):949-958
This study reports the influence of sugar cane vinasse on the persistence, sorption and leaching potential of diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea), hexazinone (3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dione) and tebuthiuron (1-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,3-dimethylurea) in both a clay and sandy soil from a tropical area of Brazil. The experiments were conducted out under controlled laboratory conditions. The addition of sugarcane vinasse to soil influenced the persistence and sorption of the herbicides in both the studied clay and sandy soils, with a considerable decrease in the diuron DT(50) values in clay soil. The Ground Water Ubiquity Score (GUS) Index classifies the herbicides as leachers in both soils and treatments, with the exception of diuron, which is classified as a non-leacher in clay soil-vinasse and as a transient herbicide in sandy soil. These results suggest that special attention should be given to areas such as those where the sandy soil was collected in this study, which is a recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer and is likely to experience groundwater contamination due to the high leaching potential of the applied pesticides. 相似文献
964.
Bacterial community profiles from sediments of the Anacostia River using metabolic and molecular analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bushaw-Newton KL Ewers EC Velinsky DJ Ashley JT Macavoy SE 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(4):1271-1279
Background aim and scope
Though the tidal Anacostia River, a highly polluted riverine system, has been well characterized with regard to contaminants, its overall resident bacterial populations have remained largely unknown. Improving the health of this system will rely upon enhanced understanding of the diversity and functions of these communities. Bacterial DNA was extracted from archived (AR, year 2000) and fresh sediments (RE, year 2006) collected from various locations within the Anacostia River. Using a combination of metabolic and molecular techniques, community snapshots of sediment bacterial diversity and activity were produced. 相似文献965.
Simultaneous immobilization of metals and arsenic in acidic polluted soils near a copper smelter in central Chile 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cárcamo V Bustamante E Trangolao E de la Fuente LM Mench M Neaman A Ginocchio R 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(4):1131-1143
Introduction
Acidic and metal(oid)-rich topsoils resulted after 34 years of continuous operations of a copper smelter in the Puchuncaví valley, central Chile. Currently, large-scale remediation actions for simultaneous in situ immobilization of metals and As are needed to reduce environmental risks of polluted soils. Aided phytostabilization is a cost-effective alternative, but adequate local available soil amendments have to be identified and management options have to be defined. 相似文献966.
967.
Maestri E Singh BR Marmiroli N 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(4):1348-1350
968.
Rüdel H Müller J Quack M Klein R 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(3):772-783
Background and aims
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant used mainly in polystyrene foam as well as in textile applications. In recent years, measures were taken to reduce HBCD emissions during its production and use. To evaluate the efficacy of these measures, a monitoring project was initiated with fish as bioaccumulation indicators. 相似文献969.
Manaca MN Grimalt JO Gari M Sacarlal J Sunyer J Gonzalez R Dobaño C Menendez C Alonso PL 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(3):756-762
Introduction
We report on the analysis of 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4′-DDT) and its metabolites in thatch and branch samples constituting the wall materials of dwellings from South African subtropical areas. This approach was used to assess the exposure to DDT in the residents of the dwellings after indoor residual spraying (IRS) following recommended sanitation practices against malaria vectors. 相似文献970.
Boufahja F Hedfi A Essid N Aïssa P Mahmoudi E Beyrem H 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(3):646-655