全文获取类型
收费全文 | 127篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 11篇 |
废物处理 | 8篇 |
环保管理 | 16篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
基础理论 | 40篇 |
污染及防治 | 25篇 |
评价与监测 | 6篇 |
社会与环境 | 4篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 4篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有130条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
The persistence of species in reserves depends in large part on the persistence of functional ecological interactions. Despite their importance, however, ecological interactions have not yet been explicitly incorporated into conservation prioritization methods. We develop here a general method for incorporating consumer–resource interactions into spatial reserve design. This method protects spatial consumer–resource interactions by protecting areas that maintain the connectivity between the distribution of consumers and resources. We illustrate our method with a conservation planning case study of a mammalian predator, American marten (Martes americana), and its two primary prey species, Red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus) and Deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). The conservation goal was to identify a reserve for marten that comprised 12% of a forest management unit in the boreal forest in Québec, Canada. We compared reserves developed using analysis variants that utilized different levels of information about predator and prey habitat distributions, species-specific connectivity requirements, and interaction connectivity requirements. The inclusion of consumer–resource interactions in reserve-selection resulted in spatially aggregated reserves that maintained local habitat quality for the species. This spatial aggregation was not induced by applying a qualitative penalty for the boundary length of the reserve, but rather was a direct consequence of modelling the spatial needs of the interacting consumer and resources. Our method for maintaining connectivity between consumers and their resources within reserves can be applied even under the most extreme cases of either complete spatial overlap or complete spatial segregation of consumer–resource distributions. The method has been made available via public software. 相似文献
72.
Model reduction via principal component truncation for the optimal design of atmospheric monitoring networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Olivier Saunier Marc Bocquet Anne Mathieu Olivier Isnard 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(32):4940-4950
A numerically efficient methodology for the optimal design of monitoring networks aiming at the surveillance of accidental atmospheric release is proposed in this paper. In a realistic context, the design of such a network requires the knowledge of a database of potential dispersion accidents occurring in the domain of the study. An objective function measures the ability of a potential network to provide measurements in order to reconstruct any accidental plume taken from the database. In the optimisation of such cost functions with respect to networks, most of the computational time is spent in the evaluation of the function, especially if the accidents database is large. In this paper we show how to optimally reduce this database and how this affects the design via a mathematical expansion in the cost function. We introduce methods based on principal component analysis, which are rigorous when the cost function is of least-squares type. These methods are then tested and validated with success on the design of a radionuclides monitoring network to be deployed over France. This is the so-called Descartes network which will be operated by the French Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Safety. These techniques are then applied on Descartes to solve several issues that are computationally demanding, but are also of more general interest, such as: how should one sequentially deploy the stations of the network? How is affected the optimal network when other European potential radiological sources are taken into account? 相似文献
73.
Deloge-Abarkan M Ha TL Robine E Zmirou-Navier D Mathieu L 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2007,9(1):91-97
Aerosols of water contaminated with Legionella bacteria constitute the only mode of exposure for humans. However, the prevention strategy against this pathogenic bacteria risk is managed through the survey of water contamination. No relationship linked the Legionella bacteria water concentration and their airborne abundance. Therefore, new approaches in the field of the metrological aspects of Legionella bioaerosols are required. This study was aimed at testing the main principles for bioaerosol collection (solid impaction, liquid impingement and filtration) and the in situ hybridization (FISH) method, both in laboratory and field assays, with the intention of applying such methodologies for airborne Legionella bacteria detection while showering. An aerosolization chamber was developed to generate controlled and reproducible L. pneumophila aerosols. This tool allowed the identification of the liquid impingement method as the most appropriate one for collecting airborne Legionella bacteria. The culturable fraction of airborne L. pneumophila recovered with the liquid impingement principle was 4 and 700 times higher compared to the impaction and filtration techniques, respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of airborne L. pneumophila in the impinger fluid were on average 7.0 x 10(5) FISH-cells m(-3) air with the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method versus 9.0 x 10(4) CFU m(-3) air with the culture method. These results, recorded under well-controlled conditions, were confirmed during the field experiments performed on aerosols generated by hot water showers in health institutions. This new approach may provide a more accurate characterization of aerobiocontamination by Legionella bacteria. 相似文献
74.
Sabine Douxchamps Mark T. Van Wijk Silvia Silvestri Abdoulaye S. Moussa Carlos Quiros Ndèye Yacine B. Ndour Saaka Buah Léopold Somé Mario Herrero Patricia Kristjanson Mathieu Ouedraogo Philip K. Thornton Piet Van Asten Robert Zougmoré Mariana C. Rufino 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(5):1305-1317
Adaptation strategies to reduce smallholder farmers’ vulnerability to climate variability and seasonality are needed given the frequency of extreme weather events predicted to increase during the next decades in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in West Africa. We explored the linkages between selected agricultural adaptation strategies (crop diversity, soil and water conservation, trees on farm, small ruminants, improved crop varieties, fertilizers), food security, farm household characteristics and farm productivity in three contrasting agro-ecological sites in West Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana and Senegal). Differences in land area per capita and land productivity largely explained the variation in food security across sites. Based on land size and market orientation, four household types were distinguished (subsistence, diversified, extensive, intensified), with contrasting levels of food security and agricultural adaptation strategies. Income increased steadily with land size, and both income and land productivity increased with degree of market orientation. The adoption of agricultural adaptation strategies was widespread, although the intensity of practice varied across household types. Adaptation strategies improve the food security status of some households, but not all. Some strategies had a significant positive impact on land productivity, while others reduced vulnerability resulting in a more stable cash flow throughout the year. Our results show that for different household types, different adaptation strategies may be ‘climate-smart’. The typology developed in this study gives a good entry point to analyse which practices should be targeted to which type of smallholder farmers, and quantifies the effect of adaptation options on household food security. Subsequently, it will be crucial to empower farmers to access, test and modify these adaptation options, if they were to achieve higher levels of food security. 相似文献
75.
Mathieu Giraudeau Camille Duval Noel Guillon Vincent Bretagnolle Claude Gutierrez Philipp Heeb 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(6):577-581
Preen glands exist in almost every bird species and several non-exclusive functions have been proposed for this gland and
the oils that it produces. One function generally admitted is that the oily secretions of the preen gland would provide a
waterproofing layer when spread over feathers. Alternatively, several authors have proposed that plumage waterproofness is
mostly due to the spatial micro-structure of feathers. The purpose of this study was to examine, by manipulating the access
to the preen gland, the effect of the preen oil on the plumage waterproofness and condition. To explore this question, we
carried out two independent experiments where we temporarily blocked access to the preen gland secretions with a removable
mechanism in one group of captive mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), whilst a second group of birds had access to gland secretions. In a long-term experiment (3 months of treatment) and a
short-term experiment (10 days), we measured plumage water retention and condition. After 3 months without access to preen
glands, we found a significant decrease of plumage condition and an associated increase in plumage water retention. Moreover,
we found a significant correlation between plumage condition and water retention ability. In contrast, after 10 days of treatment,
no significant effect was found on plumage condition and water retention. Our study shows that preen oil acts to maintain
plumage condition and suggests that feather microstructure is essential to maintain plumage waterproofness. 相似文献
76.
Pauline Coster Mouloud Benammi Vincent Lazzari Guillaume Billet Thomas Martin Mustafa Salem Awad Abolhassan Bilal Yaowalak Chaimanee Mathieu Schuster Xavier Valentin Michel Brunet Jean-Jacques Jaeger 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(8):697-706
A new African species of hystricognathous rodent, Gaudeamus lavocati sp. nov., is described herein from the early Oligocene deposits of Zallah locality (Sirt basin, Central Libya). The dental morphology of this species is very close to that of some earliest South American caviomorphs. It allows a reinterpretation of molar crest homologies among earliest caviomorphs, pentalophodonty being confirmed as the plesiomorphic molar condition in Caviomorpha. This morphological resemblance argues for close affinities between Gaudeamus and earliest South American hystricognaths. Cladistic analysis supports Gaudeamus lavocati sp. nov. as the first known African representative of Caviomorpha, implying that its ancestors were part of the African phiomyid group that crossed the South Atlantic by a direct immigration route. Alternatively, the series of derived dental features of Gaudeamus could also be interpreted as evolutionary synchronous convergences of an African hystricognath lineage towards the specialized pattern of some caviomorphs. However, the high level of similarities concerning teeth morphology and enamel microstructure and the similar age of fossiliferous strata on both continents make this interpretation less probable. The phylogenetic position of this taxon is of considerable importance because it represents an enigmatic component of the phiomorph–caviomorph radiation in Africa and appears as a new clue toward the understanding of caviomorph origins. 相似文献
77.
Mathieu Pernice Delphine Pichon Isabelle Domart-Coulon Jocelyne Favet Renata Boucher-Rodoni 《Marine Biology》2007,150(5):749-757
The recent application of molecular tools to address associations between bacteria and marine invertebrates has provided access
to an immense diversity of unidentified microbes resistant to cultivation. However, the role of bacteria as partners in animal
physiology remains unclear and in most cases difficult to investigate in the absence of adequate condition of cell growth
and proliferation. In this work, we studied the reservoir of microbes associated with the excretory organs of Nautilus macromphalus as a model. Using the bacterial 16S RNA gene as a marker, we compared three complementary approaches for bacterial detection:
bacterial DNA extraction from N. macromphalus tissues (“molecular approach”), strain isolation to provide a bacterial culture collection (“microbiological approach”) and
finally, maintenance of N. macromphalus excretory organ cells with associated bacteria (“cellular approach”). Our results stress the potential of the “cellular approach”
as a promising new tool as it promotes the detection of as yet uncultured β-proteobacteria and spirochaetes associated with
N. macromphalus, and serves as a foundation for future studies describing potential roles that these bacteria may play in Nautilus. 相似文献
78.
The cycling of iron and sulfur in mine tailings depends on various chemical and microbial reactions. The present study was undertaken in order to assess the role played by populations of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on the fate of Fe and SO4
2- in Cu–Zn and Au tailings. Samples were taken along a 50-cm deep profile at all sites and analyzed for SRB populations, solid-phase mineralogy and porewater geochemistry. Results indicated that the Cu–Zn tailings were highly oxidized near the surface, as shown by the very low pH, high redox potential, large concentrations of soluble Cu, Zn and sulfate in the porewaters, and the depletion of pyrite. On the other hand, Au tailings were more pH neutral, slightly anoxic, and showed low concentrations of Fe and SO4
2- in the porewaters and very little pyrite oxidation. SRB populations in the Cu–Zn tailings increased with depth, just below the oxic/anoxic interface and were linked to a decline of sulfate and DOC concentrations around the same depths. However, large concentrations of dissolved Fe were also observed around the same depth intervals. Our results suggest that SRB could be involved in sulfate reduction in the Cu–Zn tailings, because the solubility of sulfate was not controlled by the precipitation of sulfate-rich minerals. However, the presence of soluble Fe in the reduced portion of the tailings was also indicative of the presence of iron reducing bacteria (IRB). These bacteria were not enumerated in the present study, but their co-occurrence with SRB has been reported in the past in similar mining environments. The decline of sulfate and the release of soluble iron into the porewaters were also paralleled by a pH increase and the generation of alkalinity. In the Au tailings, SRB populations were generally constant throughout the depth profile and could not be ascribed to sulfate reduction in the porewaters. The solubilities of sulfate and iron in these tailings were partially controlled by jarosite and Fe-oxide minerals. It is then clear that SRB populations could be recovered from various mining sites, but their activity cannot be ascertained based on microbial enumeration and geochemical data. 相似文献
79.
80.
Sepp Tuul Webb Emily Simpson Richard K. Giraudeau Mathieu McGraw Kevin J. Hutton Pierce 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2021,108(1):1-10
The Science of Nature - Gravity is very important for many organisms, including web-building spiders. Probably the best approach to study the relevance of gravity on organisms is to bring them to... 相似文献