全文获取类型
收费全文 | 105篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 11篇 |
废物处理 | 6篇 |
环保管理 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
基础理论 | 29篇 |
污染及防治 | 23篇 |
评价与监测 | 5篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 4篇 |
2011年 | 8篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有108条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Mathieu B. Hounsou Bernard Ahamide Euloge K. Agbossou Thomas Gaiser 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(4):407-415
Water is an essential element for humankind, animals, and plants. It is also an important element of the aquatic environment
(the natural habitat of multiple species), where its quality plays a determining role in their protection and conservation.
Unfortunately, the water quality of natural environments has worsened in the last decades. In sub-Saharan Africa and particularly
in Bénin, in contrast to river discharges, monitoring the quality of surface water is a very rare activity. Thus, knowledge
about physical and chemical properties as a basis for evaluation of the state of the environment and protection measures needed
is almost absent. This article presents the results of the first structured, regular monitoring campaign on surface waters
in the whole basin of the Ouémé River in Bénin Republic. With 510 km, the Ouémé River’s water quality fluctuates from upstream
(Taneka Koko mountains in the north) to downstream (gauging station Bonou in the south) sources. This is due to soil erosion,
lack of water treatment plants, and the use of significant quantities of fertilizer in the cotton zone. The present research
was initiated to study the resource degradation of this area through chemical and physical water analysis. The monitoring
of water quality has been followed for 5 years on twenty physicochemical parameters, from samples taken at four gauging stations
on the main channel of the Ouémé River. Means and standard deviations of water analysis results were compared to both the
recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) for drinking water
(WHO 1987). Thus, high values were observed for physical parameters, i.e., color and turbidity had peaks of 697.5 uC and 129 FTU at
Bétérou station in the wet season, although certain parameters, such as total hardness, present low values compared to the
recommended standards. Moreover, excluding the concentrations of NO2
− and NH4
+ with values above the MPC, nutrient concentrations posed no direct risk for human consumption. However, together with phosphate
concentrations (which are up to ten times higher than permissible ecological thresholds), they can cause eutrophication of
the aquatic ecosystem. Due to the current flow regime, which has very low discharge rates in the dry season and torrential
rainfall and high sediment loads in the wet season, the risk of eutrophication, i.e., excessive concentrations of ammonium
and phosphates, is present throughout the year. Accumulation of ammonium and the distribution of nitrate and nitrites in the
river water suggest that nitrification is impeded due to a lack of oxygen in both dry and wet seasons. Finally, the investigations
show that the risk of water pollution exists and it is necessary to take measures of sanitation and water treatment to prevent
the further degradation of water along the Ouémé River. 相似文献
42.
Barret M Carrère H Patau M Patureau D 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(10):2770-2774
The fate of micropollutants throughout wastewater treatment systems is highly dependent on their sorption interactions with sludge matter. In this study, both the sorption and desorption kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in activated sludge were shown to be very rapid in comparison to biodegradation kinetics. It was concluded that PAH transfer does not limit their biodegradation and that their fate is governed by the sorption/desorption equilibrium state. The effect of contact time between sludge and PAHs was also investigated. It was shown that aging did not influence the sorption/desorption equilibrium although PAH losses during aging suggest that sequestration phenomena had occurred. This implies that for PAH sorption assessment within treatment processes there is no need to include a contact time dimension. As a consequence, thanks to an innovative approach taking into account sorption equilibria and sequestration, this work has demonstrated that studies in the literature which, in main, deal with micropollutant sorption in sewage sludge with only a short contact time can be extrapolated to real systems in which sorption, desorption and aging occur. 相似文献
43.
Nagy JA Johnson DL Larter NC Campbell MW Derocher AE Kelly A Dumond M Allaire D Croft B 《Ecological applications》2011,21(6):2334-2348
Effective management and conservation of species, subspecies, or ecotypes require an understanding of how populations are structured in space. We used satellite-tracking locations and hierarchical and fuzzy clustering to quantify subpopulations within the behaviorally different barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus), Dolphin and Union island caribou (R. t. groenlandicus x pearyi), and boreal (R. t. caribou) caribou ecotypes in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada. Using a novel approach, we verified that the previously recognized Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, Bluenose-East, Bathurst, Beverly, Qamanirjuaq, and Lorillard barren-ground subpopulations were robust and that the Queen Maude Gulf and Wager Bay barren-ground subpopulations were organized as individuals. Dolphin and Union island and boreal caribou formed one and two distinct subpopulation, respectively, and were organized as individuals. Robust subpopulations were structured by strong annual spatial affiliation among females; subpopulations organized as individuals were structured by migratory connectivity, barriers to movement, and/or habitat discontinuity. One barren-ground subpopulation used two calving grounds, and one calving ground was used by two barren-ground subpopulations, indicating that these caribou cannot be reliably assigned to subpopulations solely by calving-ground use. They should be classified by annual spatial affiliation among females. Annual-range size and path lengths varied significantly among ecotypes, including mountain woodland caribou (R. t. caribou), and reflected behavioral differences. An east-west cline in annual-range sizes and path lengths among migratory barren-ground subpopulations likely reflected differences in subpopulation size and habitat conditions and further supported the subpopulation structure identified. 相似文献
44.
In ants, winged queens that are specialized for independent colony foundation can be replaced by wingless reproductives better
adapted for colony fission. We studied this shift in reproductive strategy by comparing two Mystrium species from Madagascar using morphometry, allometry and dissections. Mystrium rogeri has a single dealate queen in each colony with a larger thorax than workers and similar mandibles that allow these queens
to hunt during non-claustral foundation. In contrast, Mystrium ‘red’ lacks winged queens and half of the female adults belong to a wingless ‘intermorph’ caste smaller and allometrically distinct
from the workers. Intermorphs have functional ovaries and spermatheca while those of workers are degenerate. Intermorphs care
for brood and a few mate and reproduce making them an all-purpose caste that takes charge of both work and reproduction. However,
their mandibles are reduced and inappropriate for hunting centipedes, unlike the workers’ mandibles. This together with their
small thorax disallow them to perform independent colony foundation, and colonies reproduce by fission. M. rogeri workers have mandibles polymorphic in size and shape, which allow for all tasks from brood care to hunting. In M. ‘red’, colonial investment in reproduction has shifted from producing expensive winged queens to more numerous helpers. M. ‘red’ intermorphs are the first case of reproductives smaller than workers in ants and illustrate their potential to diversify
their caste system for better colonial economy. 相似文献
45.
Seyed Mohammad Tabadkani Jamasb Nozari Mathieu Lihoreau 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(10):779-788
Animals have evolved strategies to optimally balance costs and benefits of inbreeding. In social species, these adaptations can have a considerable impact on the structure, the organization, and the functioning of groups. Here, we consider how selection for inbreeding avoidance fashions the social behavior of arthropods, a phylum exhibiting an unparalleled richness of social lifestyles. We first examine life histories and parental investment patterns determining whether individuals should actively avoid or prefer inbreeding. Next, we illustrate the diversity of inbreeding avoidance mechanisms in arthropods, from the dispersal of individuals to the rejection of kin during mate choice and the production of unisexual broods by females. Then, we address the particular case of haplodiploid insects. Finally, we discuss how inbreeding may drive and shape the evolution of arthropods societies along two theoretical pathways. 相似文献
46.
Muller M Milori DM Déléris S Steyer JP Dudal Y 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2011,31(9-10):1916-1923
The production of solid organic waste (SOW) such as sewage sludge (SS) or municipal solid waste (MSW) has been continuously increasing in Europe since the beginning of the 1990'. Today, the European Union encourages the stabilization of these wastes using biologic processes such as anaerobic digestion and/or composting to produce bio-energy and organic fertilizers. However, the design and management of such biologic processes require knowledge about the quantity and quality of the organic matter (OM) contained in the SOW. The current methods to characterize SOW are tedious, time-consuming and often insufficiently informative. In this paper, we assess the potential of solid-phase fluorescence (SPF) spectroscopy to quickly provide a relevant characterization of SOW. First, we tested well known model compounds (tryptophan, bovine serum albumin, lignin and humic acid) and biologic matrix (Escherichia coli) in three dimensional solid-phase fluorescence (3D-SPF) spectroscopy. We recorded fluorescence spectra from proteinaceous samples but we could not record the fluorescence emitted by lignin and humic acid powders. For SOW samples, fluorescence spectra were successfully recorded for MSW and most of its sub-components (foods, cardboard) but impossible for SS, sludge compost (SC) and ligno-cellulosic wastes. Based on visual observations and additional assays, we concluded that the presence of highly light-absorptive chemical structures in such dark-colored samples was responsible for this limitation. For such samples, i.e. lignin, humic acid, SS, SC and ligno-cellulosic wastes, we show that laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy enables the acquisition of 2D fluorescence spectra. 相似文献
47.
Mathieu Cladière Johnny Gasperi Catherine Lorgeoux Céline Bonhomme Vincent Rocher Bruno Tassin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):2973-2983
This study evaluates the influence of a heavily urbanized area (Paris Metropolitan area), on receiving water contamination by both bisphenol A (BPA) and alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) biodegradation product. The study began by investigating concentrations within urban sources. In addition to the more commonly studied wastewater treatment plant effluent, wet weather urban sources (including combined sewer overflows, urban runoff, and total atmospheric fallout) were considered. The initial results highlight a significant contamination of all urban sources (from a few nanograms per liter in atmospheric fallout to several micrograms per liter in the other sources) with clearly distinguishable distribution patterns. Secondly, concentration changes along the Seine River from upstream of the Paris Metropolitan area to downstream were investigated. While the concentrations of BPA and nonylphenoxy acetic acid (NP1EC) increase substantially due to urban sources, the 4-nonylphenol concentrations remain homogeneous along the Seine. These results suggest a broad dissemination of 4-nonylphenol at the scale of the Seine River basin. Moreover, the relationship between pollutant concentrations and Seine River flow was assessed both upstream and downstream of the Paris conurbation. Consequently, a sharp decrease in dissolved NP1EC concentrations relative to Seine River flow underscores the influence of single-point urban pollution on Seine River contamination. Conversely, dissolved 4-nonylphenol concentrations serve to reinforce the hypothesis of its widespread presence at the Seine River basin scale. 相似文献
48.
The purpose of the present study was to examine how the mix of ability, experience, and personality impacts three types of team performance: technical‐administrative task performance, leadership task performance, and contextual performance. Relationships were tested using data collected from student management teams, who were required to plan and supervise the preparation and service of meals in a cafeteria‐style dining room patronized by university students, staff, and faculty. Results revealed that both team‐ and task‐related composition variables predicted leadership and contextual performance. Specifically, grade point average was significantly related to technical‐administrative task performance, and extraversion, neuroticism, and grade point average were related to leadership task performance. Agreeableness and restaurant experience predicted contextual performance. Surprisingly, conscientiousness did not account for significant variance in any of the three types of performance measured. The implications of these findings for the study of team performance in organizations are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
49.
Mathieu Pernice Delphine Pichon Isabelle Domart-Coulon Jocelyne Favet Renata Boucher-Rodoni 《Marine Biology》2007,150(5):749-757
The recent application of molecular tools to address associations between bacteria and marine invertebrates has provided access
to an immense diversity of unidentified microbes resistant to cultivation. However, the role of bacteria as partners in animal
physiology remains unclear and in most cases difficult to investigate in the absence of adequate condition of cell growth
and proliferation. In this work, we studied the reservoir of microbes associated with the excretory organs of Nautilus macromphalus as a model. Using the bacterial 16S RNA gene as a marker, we compared three complementary approaches for bacterial detection:
bacterial DNA extraction from N. macromphalus tissues (“molecular approach”), strain isolation to provide a bacterial culture collection (“microbiological approach”) and
finally, maintenance of N. macromphalus excretory organ cells with associated bacteria (“cellular approach”). Our results stress the potential of the “cellular approach”
as a promising new tool as it promotes the detection of as yet uncultured β-proteobacteria and spirochaetes associated with
N. macromphalus, and serves as a foundation for future studies describing potential roles that these bacteria may play in Nautilus. 相似文献
50.