Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the scope of the study, the protective effect of hesperidin (HES), a flavanone glycoside, was investigated against sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, SA)... 相似文献
Recovery of gold from various waste materials is mostly achieved through hydrometallurgical methods, which generate a large
amount of secondary chemical waste. Therefore, there is a need to develop an environmentally friendly process for gold recovery.
This paper summarizes research on the recovery of gold ions from chloride solutions using fallen tree leaves. First, leaves
from trees of 16 different species were studied and ranked by the percent of gold that was recovered. Then, several factors—pH,
contact time, shaking rate, and the quantity of ground leaf—affecting the recovery process were studied on leaves from four
selected species. Two kinds of leaves were found to exhibit the efficacy of the most effective sorbents, such as activated
carbon. After recovery, the gold-deposited leaves were heat-treated at 1,200°C to isolate the gold from the leaves. This method
of gold recovery proved to be fast, cheap, and environmentally friendly. 相似文献
Gungor and Gupta [1999, Issues in environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovery: a survey. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 36(4), 811–853] presented an important review of the development of research in Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing and Product Recovery (ECMPRO) and provided a state of the art survey of published work. However, that survey covered most papers published through 1998. Since then, a lot of activity has taken place in EMCPRO and several areas have become richer. Many new areas also have emerged. In this paper we primarily discuss the evolution of ECMPRO that has taken place in the last decade and discuss the new areas that have come into focus during this time. After presenting some background information, the paper systematically investigates the literature by classifying over 540 published references into four major categories, viz., environmentally conscious product design, reverse and closed-loop supply chains, remanufacturing, and disassembly. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the evolution of ECMPRO over the past decade together with the avenues for future research. 相似文献
Agricultural support policies, which increase production to excessive levels, have been heavily criticized for their distortional effects on farmers’ decisions. High input consumption, which harms the environment, and the distribution of supports, which causes income inequality among farmers, are also the other factors that economists criticize these support policies. However, in recent years, the use and dependence on production and land have been increasing globally due to fears of food insecurity in several countries. In this article, the impact of a support policy on cotton farmers’ land in Turkey is evaluated using a detailed farm-level micro dataset. We use the dynamic panel model to consider the production dynamics, unobservable individual heterogeneity, and the endogeneity of the support variable. Our results show that considering the support variable as endogenous significantly increased its impact on farmers’ land. A farmer’s past land allocation decisions also affected their current lands holdings. However, the results varied considerably between regions and between different land sizes. Therefore, the findings show the importance of heterogeneity in the impact of support policies. We conclude that due to the heterogeneous impact of support policies, it might not be possible to discuss the effect of support policies using an average estimate applicable for all farmers. Therefore, a different support policy considering regional characteristics or farm size is necessary to obtain the desired policy outcomes.
The objective of this research is to evaluate all the critical reaches in a cockpit and determine the visual sufficiency of a cockpit to accommodate 90% of potential pilots. While mismatches of measurements with cockpit dimensions are revealed, proposals are made to improve cockpit ergonomics. Regression models were generated to predict and assure adequate exterior vision. Mean, lower and upper control limits of all measurements were found acceptable except eye level. There are very strong positive relationships between stature and eye level (R2?=?0.972, p?0.01), and eye level and visual angle (R2?=?0.994, p?0.01). Display panel height should be at least 1.645?×?SD smaller than the eye level mean or seating adjustment limits in height may be changed. In general, cockpit design is acceptable in terms of fit/reach accommodation for pilots, except eye level and visual variables that could be solved by better seat adjustments. 相似文献
This paper studies free-riding incentives on common environmental resources in an incomplete information repeated game where abatements are perishable and perfect substitutes. Two contrasting types of perfect Bayesian equilibria emerge: For high discount factors, or low discount factors but “pessimistic” prior beliefs, the inclusion of incomplete information has no impact on the pattern of abatements. Otherwise the countries attempt to use their private information strategically and the game becomes a war of attrition. This generates an outcome where the “pessimistic” country unilaterally abates forever, and another which involves delay until the first abatement if both countries are “optimistic”. 相似文献
An environmentally friendly electrochemical treatment, electro-Fenton process, was applied to the depollution of a synthetic
dismissal composed of three dyes, yellow drimaren, congo red and methylene blue, frequently used in textile and dyehouses.
Here, we show that those dyes and their mixture are quickly degraded under current controlled electrolysis conditions, leading
to an almost complete mineralization. The results show the efficiency of electro-Fenton process to quickly degrade aqueous
effluents polluted by synthetic organic dyes. 相似文献
The degradation of the herbicide diuron has been undertaken by electrochemical advanced oxidation in aqueous solution. This process generates catalytically hydroxyl radicals that are strong oxidizing reagents for the oxidation of organic substances. Hydroxyl radicals degrade diuron in less than 10 min. Kinetic results evidence a pseudo-first-order degradation, with a rate constant of reaction between diuron and hydroxyl radicals of 4.8x109 M–1 s–1. Several degradation products were identified by chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The mineralization degree of a 1.7x10–4 M diuron solution reached 93% at 1,000 coulombs. 相似文献