离子强度、pH值和Ca2+/Al3+对马尾松幼苗的铝毒影响

测定了在不同溶液酸度、不同离子强度和Ca~(2+)/Al~(3+)比下,铝对马尾松幼苗生长状况的影响。结果表明,溶液酸度增加,离子强度减小时,铝的毒害作用增大。钙对铝毒有明显缓解作用,当Ca~(2+)/Al~(3+)增大时,铝的毒性减小,但其缓解作用与铝浓度有关,当铝浓度增加,钙的缓解能力下降。     

中国米质气候资源的地域分布

稻米品质受着气候条件的明显影响。在我国不同地域，米质气候资源各不相同，对米质的影响也各具特色，总的趋势是，北方优于南方；西部优于东部；晚茬口水稻优于旱茬口；在地形复杂地区，米质气候资源还具有垂直地带性结构。我国丰富的米质气候资源为各种类型优质米的生产创造出优越的环境条件。     

The spatial and temporal distribution of total ozone over China

In this paper the grid data of total ozone mapping spectrograph (TOMS) installed on Nimbus-7 satellite (1978 to 1994) was used and the spatial and temporal distribution of total ozone over China was analyzed. The research indicates that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau destroyed the latitudinal distribution of total ozone of China and the low value closed center emerged over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Long time change trends of seasonal total ozone of Qinghai-Tibet plateau are provided. It shows that the most obvious decrease of total ozone occurs in winter (Jan.), then in summer (Jul.), the relevant slow change occurs in autumn (Oct.) and spring (Apr.).     

Adsorptive removal of phosphate by the bimetallic hydroxide nanocomposites embedded in pomegranate peel

This study aimed to fabricate new and effective material for the efficiency of phosphate adsorption. Two types of adsorbent materials, the zirconium hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel (Zr/Peel) and zirconium-lanthanum hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel (Zr–La/Peel) were developed. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were evaluated to give insight into the physicochemical properties of these adsorbents. Zr–La/Peel exceeded the adsorption efficiency of Zr/Peel adsorbents in batch adsorption experiments at the same pH level. The peel as a host can strive to have a strong “shielding effect” to increase the steadiness of the entrenched Zr and La elements. La and Zr are hydroxide metals that emit many hydrogen ions during the hydrolysis reaction, which contribute to protonation and electrostatic attraction. The highest adsorption capacity of La–Zr/Peel for phosphate was calculated to be 40.21 mg/g, and pseudo second-order equation is very well fitted for kinetic adsorption. Phosphate adsorption efficiency was reduced by an increase of pH. With the background of coexisting Cl^?, little effect on adsorption efficiency was observed, while adsorption capacities were reduced by almost 20–30% with the coexistence of ${{\text{SO}}_4}^{2?}$, ${{\text{NO}}_3}^{?}$ and humic acid (HA).     

煤矸石制非烧结砖的可行性研究

从实验室试验和工业性试验出发， 煤矸石制非烧结砖的可行性。研究结果表明，用煤矸石和适量固化剂制成的非绕结砖经过２８ｄ自然养护后，其质量和放射性均符合国家有关标准。利用煤矸石非烧砖无 技术上还是经济上都是可行和有利的。     

现代测绘技术在解决矿区资源与环境问题中的应用探讨

以“３Ｓ”技术及其集成为代表的现代测绘技术在解决我国矿区存在的资源浪费及环境污染问题中具有重要的应用,本文对此进行了探讨。     

新型高效台车式退火炉研制

退火炉采取小燃烧室,对工件实行侧下加热、强化绝热措施复合炉衬、二次均热风管、扩张室沉降等五项措施.目的是为了提高炉的热效率和炉温的均匀度.在耗煤量较低的情况下能保持较高的燃烧室强度.有利于强化燃烧和减少蓄散热损失.实行扩张室沉降,在不加任何除尘装置的条件下烟尘排放浓度达到了国家标准新规定的排放要求,而且大大改善了工人的劳动条件.     

新型堆肥调理剂的吸水特性及应用

本文研究新型堆肥调理剂 (CTB堆肥调理剂 )的吸水特性及其应用效果。结果表明 ,调理剂的吸水平衡时间为8h。CTB调理剂的混料比例为 4 0 %～ 6 0 % ,可以将污泥水分调节到较为理想的范围 ,使堆肥过程能顺利完成。本调理剂具有适合于快速堆肥和自动控制、可降低堆肥过程的能耗、吸水性较强、除臭效果好、价格便宜、可以循环利用、易于筛分等优点 ,是城市污泥等有机废弃物工厂化快速堆肥的理想调理剂     

偏二甲肼污染及治理方法评价

阐述了偏二甲肼 (Unsymmetricaldimethyl-hydrazine ,简称UDMH)对人体致毒机理 ,对环境的污染特征 ,着重对偏二甲肼污染治理中的臭氧氧化法、自然降解法、离子树脂交换法、活性炭吸附法等技术进行了综合评价 ,并提出了TiO2 光催化氧化法及光和细菌降解偏二甲肼的研究方向。     

过程模拟法在清洁生产研究中的应用

以醋酸清洁生产为例，介绍了过程模拟法在清洁生产研究中的应用。利用现代过程模拟技术，可在较小人力、物力投入的前提下，获得更多的系统信息，有利于清洁生产工艺的确定及操作参数的优化。