火旋风模拟实验中热电偶测温辐射误差修正方法研究

辐射传热误差是浮力火羽流和火旋风热电偶温度测量中需要重点考虑的误差来源.该文利用火旋风模拟实验台开展火旋风温度测量实验并进行辐射误差分析,通过在同一测点布设多根不同直径热电偶,基于不同热电偶测温误差的对比,分析了几种多测量端温度误差修正方法,并通过两种粗细热电偶组合来检验不同修正方法的可靠性.     

重庆典型岩溶区地下河表层沉积物OCPs初步研究

利用GC-ECD对重庆典型岩溶区地下河表层沉积物中19种有机氯农药进行分析,结果表明,研究区总有机氯农药浓度为4.73～286.03 ng/g,DDTs浓度为0.35～181.78 ng/g,HCHs浓度为nd～23.53 ng/g。与国内外其他河流表层沉积物有机氯农药相比为高,说明重庆典型岩溶区地下河已处于较高污染状态。统计DDE/DDD发现,除姜家溶洞外,其他取样点DDE/DDD均大于1,表明研究区DDT降解主要在好氧环境中进行。除靛水地下河,其他取样点表层沉积物(DDD+DDE)/DDT均大于0.5,表明这些地区近年来没有新的DDT类农药输入。     

水城威尼斯建筑：水中升起的艺术长廊

水中能升起高楼大厦,水中能荡漾着建筑艺术,这就是让世人惊艳的水城威尼斯。到威尼斯看建筑,永远让人心潮起伏．永远都有欲罢不能的喜爱。     

Seasonal and diurnal variations of ambient PM2.5 concentration in urban and rural environments in Beijing

Three years of measurement of PM_2.5 with 5-min time resolution was conducted from 2005 to 2007 in urban and rural environments in Beijing to study the seasonal and diurnal variations in PM_2.5 concentration. Pronounced seasonal variation was observed in the urban area, with the highest concentrations typically observed in the winter and the lowest concentrations generally found in the summer. In the rural area, the maximum in PM_2.5 concentration usually appeared during the spring, followed by a second maximum in the summer, while the minimum generally occurred in the winter. Significant diurnal variations in PM_2.5 concentration were observed in both urban and rural areas. In the urban area, the PM_2.5 concentration displays a bimodal pattern, with peaks between 7:00 and 8:00 a.m. and between 7:00 and 11:00 p.m. The minimum generally appears around noon. The morning peak is attributed to enhanced anthropogenic activity during rush hours. The decreases of boundary layer height and wind speed in the afternoon companying with increased source activity during the afternoon rush hour result in the highest PM_2.5 concentration during evening hours. In the rural area, the PM_2.5 concentration shows a unimodal pattern with a significant peak between 5:00 and 11:00 p.m.The seasonal and diurnal variations in PM_2.5 concentration in the urban area are mostly dominated by the seasonal and diurnal variability of boundary layer and source emissions. The year-to-year variability of rainfall also has an important influence on the seasonal variation of PM_2.5 in the urban area. The seasonal and diurnal wind patterns are more important factors for PM_2.5 variation in the rural area. Southerly winds carry pollutants emitted in southern urban areas northward and significantly enhance the PM_2.5 concentration level in the rural area.     

智能建筑控制系统安全体系研究

智能建筑控制系统在设计时为了满足可靠性、实时性和灵活性等性能需求,忽略了信息安全的考虑,随着越来越多的计算机技术和网络通信技术应用于智能建筑控制系统中,控制网络的安全问题凸现出来.在深入分析智能建筑控制系统所面临的各种安全威胁基础上,设计了一种智能建筑控制系统的安全体系,提出了针对建筑智能化系统面临的各种安全威胁所应采取的安全机制,确保智能建筑控制信息的机密性、系统的可用性和数据的完整性.     

从微生物指标中看我国肉类食品安全状况

从食品微生物指标：菌落总数、大肠菌群和致病菌三项入手,对我国肉类食品的微生物指标检测情况及其产品质量进行分析。在我国政府的有力监管下,肉类食品产品质量与安全有了大幅度提高。由此展望,21世纪,绿色肉类产品由于其健康、质量、安全、方便将成为消费主流和今后的发展趋势。     

Antibiotic effect of exogenously applied salicylic acid on in vitro soilborne pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum

Salicylic acid, which is biosynthesized inside plant and is often found and accumulated in soil due to plant debris decaying, is considered as a signaling substance during plant-microbe interactions. It is involved in the cycling of biogeochemistry and related to plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. The antibiotic effect of salicylic acid on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum (FON) was studied to investigate the relationships between the salicylic acid and the fungus in the ecological interaction of plant-microbe. Results showed that the biomass, colony diameter, number of conidium germination and conidium production of FON were decreased by 52.0%, 25.7%, 100% and 100% at concentrations of 800 mg L(-1). However, mycotoxin yield was increased by 233%, pectinase activity raised by 168.0% and cellulase activity increased by 1325% compared to control at higher concentrations. It was concluded that salicylic acid as an allelochemical greatly inhibited FON growth and conidia formation and germination, though stimulated mycotoxin production and activities of hydrolytic enzymes by FON.     

混凝土⁃石材粘结界面剪切性能试验研究∗

为了研究混凝土和石材粘结界面的抗剪性能,设计Z型和套箍型两种试件,进行了混凝土?石材粘结试件界面剪切力学性能试验。试验考虑了材料强度、界面植筋情况、试件形式等变化参数。试验结果表明：界面为试件的薄弱部位,混凝土和石材的粘结界面上均发生了剪切破坏。在一定范围内,混凝土强度的提高会增强界面的剪切强度,延缓试件的开裂,减小界面同级荷载下的剪切位移;界面植筋可以显著提高试件的剪切性能,提高幅度随着植筋率的增大而增大;相同条件下,套箍型试件的剪切强度大于Z型试件,未植筋试件提高约20%,植筋试件提高约40%~55%。根据试验结果结合理论分析,提出了可考虑套箍增强作用的界面抗剪承载力计算公式。