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71.
李明 《安全.健康和环境》2007,7(9):24-25
随着对环境、安全和健康意识的加强,人们对于工作场所的安全卫生问题已引起极大的关注.众所周知,橡胶工业对工人的健康存在较大的危害,这主要是在橡胶工业中所采用的大量化学品导致的.本文将就橡胶工业化学品的危害和安全防护的问题进行简要介绍和探讨. 相似文献
72.
结合石化企业装置生产特点,分析装置级突发事故应急预案编制中存在的不足和问题,并对应急预案编制的思路和处置对策进行了深入地探讨. 相似文献
73.
74.
Chih Ming M Ya Wen Lee Gui Bing Hong Te Li Su Je Lueng Shie Chang Tang Chang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(4):687-692
TiO2 nanoparticles, doped with di erent Pt contents, were prepared by a modified photodeposition method using Degussa P-25 TiO2,
H2PtCl6 6H2O and methanol as the solvents. The physicochemical properties of Pt/TiO2 were investigated by the nitrogen adsorption
and desorption isotherm measurement technique, X-ray di raction analysis and photoluminescence spectra, respectively. Reaction rates
from photocatalytic removal of dichloromethane over Degussa P-25 TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 were evaluated. The average diameter and BET
surface area of the TiO2 catalyst particles were 300 nm and 50 m2/g, respectively. The degradation e ciency was 99.0%, 82.7%, 55.2%,
and 57.9% with TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. And the degradation e ciency was 99.3%,
79.7%, 76.5%, and 73.4% with a 0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. In addition, we
found that the photoluminescence emission peak intensities decreased with increases in the doping amount of Pt, which indicates that
the irradiative recombination was weakened. Furthermore, the results showed that the UV/0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 process was capable of
e ciently decomposing gaseous DCM in air. 相似文献
75.
The brominated products, formed in chlorination treatment of benzophenone-4 in the presence of bromide ions, were identified, and the formation pathways were proposed.Under disinfection conditions, benzophenone-4 would undertake electrophilic substitution generating mono- or di-halogenated products, which would be oxidized to esters and further hydrolyzed to phenol derivatives. The generated catechol intermediate would be transformed into furan-like heterocyclic product. The product species were p H-dependent,while benzophenone-4 elimination was chlorine dose-dependent. When the chlorination treatment was performed on ambient water spiked with benzophenone-4 and bromide ions, most of brominated byproducts could be detected, and the acute toxicity significantly increased as well. 相似文献
76.
Hong Zhao Yunshan Ge Tiezhu Zhang Jipeng Zhang Jianwei Tan Hongxin Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(10):2027-2033
The alteration and formation of toxic compounds and potential changes in the toxicity of emissions when using after-treatment technologies have gained wide attention. Volatile organic compound(VOC), carbonyl compound and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) emissions were tested at European Steady State Cycle(ESC) to study unregulated emissions from a diesel engine with a fuel-borne catalyst and diesel particulate filter(FBC–DPF). An Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst was used for this study. According to the results, brake specific emissions of total VOCs without and with DPF were 4.7 and4.9 mg/kWh, respectively, showing a 4.3% increase. Benzene and n-undecane emissions increased and toluene emission decreased, while other individual VOC emissions basically had no change. When retrofitted with the FBC–DPF, total carbonyl compound emission decreased 15.7%, from 25.8 to 21.8 mg/kWh. The two highest carbonyls, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, were reduced from 20.0 and 3.7 to 16.5 and 3.3 mg/kWh respectively. The specific reactivity(SR) with DPF was reduced from 6.68 to 6.64 mg/kWh. Total particle-phase PAH emissions decreased 66.4% with DPF compared to that without DPF. However, the Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent(BaPeq) with DPF had increased from 0.016 to 0.030 mg/kWh.Fluoranthene and Pyrene had the greatest decrease, 91.1% and 88.4% respectively. The increase of two- and three-ring PAHs with DPF indicates that the fuel-borne catalyst caused some gas-phase PAHs to adsorb on particles. The results of this study expand the knowledge of the effects of using a particulate filter and a Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst on diesel engine unregulated emissions. 相似文献
77.
根据对环钦州湾区域的入海河流、直排海污染源及养殖废水无机氮入海通量的估算,2011年钦州湾无机氮入海通量约为7 655 t,其中入海河流无机氮入海通量占总量的96.4%,直排海污染源次之。入海无机氮占钦州湾无机氮总量的比重为36.7%,说明钦州湾已属中等强度人为影响海域。根据对钦州湾富营养化症状——叶绿素a含量的分析,钦州湾富营养化症状不明显,钦州湾整体的富营养化程度较低。因而仅以营养盐含量评价目标海域的富营养化程度,易失之偏颇,宜结合富营养化症状来判断目标海域的富营养化程度。 相似文献
78.
三峡水库消落区土壤、植物汞释放及其在斑马鱼体的富集特征 总被引:8,自引:8,他引:0
利用室内模拟试验,探讨了三峡水库消落区淹没后土壤、植物汞释放特征及其在斑马鱼体的富集水平.结果表明,随淹水时间的延长,淹没土壤中总汞(THg)含量下降;水体THg浓度总体明显升高.淹没土壤及水体中甲基汞(MMHg)含量总体明显上升,其中稗草+土壤处理水体中增加尤为明显,淹水21 d后,其浓度是土壤处理的2.52倍.表明消落区土壤、植物是水库水体汞的一个重要来源.供试稗草淹水分解造成水体pH及溶解氧(DO)含量下降、溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量上升,对土壤MMHg含量无明显影响,对水体MMHg影响较大.供试斑马鱼头部、内脏及肌肉中THg含量总体明显上升,与水体中THg浓度具有显著相关性(P<0.01).鱼体头部、内脏及肌肉中均出现不同程度的MMHg富集现象,以头部与肌肉最为明显.淹水21 d后,添加土壤处理的鱼体头部、内脏及肌肉MMHg增加的含量分别是对照的1.75~6.25、3.53~8.38、2.22~3.36倍;稗草+土壤处理的分别是土壤处理的3.57、2.37、1.52倍.可见,淹没土壤是鱼体MMHg增加的重要来源,淹没植物改变原水环境条件影响其向水体释汞过程能提高鱼体中MMHg含量. 相似文献
79.
基于功能仿真的电子产品性能退化分析方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的研究基于功能仿真对电子产品长期工作过程中性能退化问题进行分析的方法。方法以DC-DC电源模块为对象,一种方式是直接对电源模块进行加速退化试验,并基于试验数据进行可靠性分析;另一种方式是对电源模块中性能退化关键元器件进行加速退化试验,并将试验数据模型注入到电源模块功能仿真模型中,进行性能退化仿真与可靠性分析,最终对两种分析结果进行对比,验证仿真分析技术的有效性。结果对比显示,加速退化试验分析得到的电源模块平均寿命为281 560 h,仿真分析得到的电源模块平均寿命为357 290 h。结论由于仿真分析方法只考虑了性能退化的关键元器件,结果偏乐观,但是偏差在合理的范围内,证明该方法对于性能退化可靠性分析是有效的,并且应用该方法更便于进行设计改进和迭代分析。 相似文献
80.