“Embedded” at hire? Predicting the voluntary and involuntary turnover of new employees

Embeddedness theory has been invoked to describe factors that constrain employee turnover, such as fit with the environment, interpersonal links, and potentially sacrificed benefits. In contrast with previous assumptions that embeddedness requires considerable time to develop on the job, we extend theory by demonstrating how biographical characteristics (i.e., biodata), assessed at or before the point of hire, are related to individual's propensity to be embedded, while also showing how such characteristics predict one's future turnover likelihood. Beyond voluntary turnover, we also build embeddedness‐based theoretical explanations for involuntary turnover (i.e., terminations). To test these ideas, we conducted two studies at and before employees' point of hire, respectively: Study 1 examined how assessed biodata items of new employees relate to established embeddedness measures, whereas Study 2 linked the same biodata items assessed during the application process to employees' future involuntary, avoidable voluntary, and unavoidable voluntary turnover. Study 1 results revealed various biodata items predicted embeddedness in two distinct samples. In Study 2, results showed that biodata predicted turnover forms in unique ways. Our study highlights the utility of point‐of‐hire embeddedness propensity as a means to explain organizational exit, thereby demonstrating how organizations can use embeddedness tenets for employee recruitment and selection purposes.     

Rivals or allies: How performance‐prove goal orientation influences knowledge hiding

Previous research suggests that performance‐prove goal orientation is positively related to knowledge hiding. However, we argue that this effect depends on the focus of performance feedback (i.e., individual‐ and group‐focused feedback), which shapes the nature of the competitive expression of performance‐prove goal orientation (i.e., intragroup and intergroup oriented). We conducted three studies to test our theoretical model. The results of Study 1 with time‐lagged data from 128 part‐time MBA students showed that performance‐prove goal orientation was positively related to knowledge hiding when performance feedback focused more (vs. less) on individual performance but was negatively related to knowledge hiding when performance feedback focused more (vs. less) on group performance. Study 2 replicated these moderation findings in an experimental study of 210 undergraduate students. Study 3 again replicated the moderation effects using multisource data from 317 employees and their supervisors. It also included creativity as an outcome of knowledge hiding and illustrated the distal consequence of the moderation effects of individual‐ and group‐focused performance feedback. We then discussed the implications for the theory and practice of performance‐prove goal orientation and knowledge hiding.     

浅析苏州市“十三五”环境保护和生态建设规划总体思路

文章分析苏州“十二五”期间存在的环境问题,明确“十三五”生态环境保护工作以改善水、大气、土壤等环境质量为核心,环境风险得到有效管控,建成较为完整的生态文明制度体系的目标,并提出了绿色发展全过程治污减排,打好治水、控霾、净土三大战役,强化生态空间保护,加强综合管控降低重点领域环境风险,推进生态环保制度改革,全面增强环境监管能力等方面的主要任务,促进经济社会与生态环境保护更好更快地协调发展.     

试用可持续发展眼光审视中国持续高涨的水坝建设

水坝建设往往忽略了生态影响,轻视了社会问题,高估了经济效益.介绍了国际上对水坝问题认识的最新进展和主要观点,分析了我国水坝建设的现状和问题--西部建坝热潮不退的原因.从现状来看,中国的已建水坝已使长江流域生态退化,加剧了黄河的断流,加重了淮河水质的恶化等.最后以科学发展观为指导,对中国的水坝建设作了一些深层的思考.      

累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂的制备及除铜性能

研究了累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂制备工艺条件及其去除铜冶炼废水中Cu(Ⅱ)的条件。实验结果表明:累托石与粉煤灰的比例为7∶3,另加入15%的添加剂(St)和50%的水,焙烧温度为500℃时,制成的颗粒吸附剂不仅吸附效果最佳,而且其散失率较低。在不调节铜冶炼工业废水pH值的条件下,颗粒吸附剂用量为0·01g/mL,作用时间为60min,温度为25℃(常温)时,Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率达99·5%,处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。     

机动车尾气排放对城市空气质量的影响研究——以乌鲁木齐市春节前后对比分析

随着我国经济的高速发展,机动车尾气逐渐成为城市大气污染物的主要来源之一.在2013年2月5—18日春节前后,乌鲁木齐市节日前3 d大量机动车外流,节日期间2月10—12日滞留市内的机动车停运,通过对比春节前后乌鲁木齐市汽车流出量和油耗减少量,分析该时段5项大气污染物逐小时浓度变化,研究机动车尾气对乌鲁木齐市大气污染的潜在贡献和影响程度.结果表明:春节机动车停运期间,市区机动车流量下降明显,成品油消耗量减少约60%,尽管天气条件以不利于大气污染物扩散为主,但PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2和CO等5项大气污染物浓度均降至当月最低值(且均在达标范围内),分别比节日前下降44.2%、49.3%、54.5%、28.2%和3.7%.因此,"煤改气"工程实施后,乌鲁木齐市的煤烟污染得到极大改善,乌市大气污染类型已由煤烟型向机动车尾气混合型转化.提高成品油品质将促进减少城市机动车尾气污染,在当前的油品标准下,重大节假日期间机动车停驶有助于显著改善城市空气质量.     

不同林分枯落物和土壤持水能力研究

本文对不同林分的土壤最大持水力、土壤毛管持水力、枯落物最大持水量和枯落物最大持水率进行分析,得出不同林分枯落物和土壤持水能力的关系.     

内蒙古“十二五”规划中重点产业及区域发展水污染负荷环境压力评估

“十二五”内蒙城镇化率的提高,使得城镇生活点源COD和氨氮负荷产生量有较高增长.“十一五”期间内蒙城镇生活污水COD和氨氮的去除率较低,为实现十二五减排目标的完成,需大幅提高城镇污水处理厂处理能力,实现盟市污水处理厂收集处理率达到90％.此外城镇污水处理厂COD和氨氮的去除率,分别至少达到80％和45％以上.这样才能够满足重点产业发展增排的COD和氨氮的同时,实现十二五总量目标的实现.     

Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in cold climate — A review

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been successfully used for treating various wastewaters for decades and have been identified as a sustainable wastewater management option worldwide. However, the application of CW for wastewater treatment in frigid climate presents special challenges. Wetland treatment of wastewater relies largely on biological processes, and reliable treatment is often a function of climate conditions. To date, the rate of adoption of wetland technology for wastewater treatment in cold regions has been slow and there are relatively few published reports on CW applications in cold climate. This paper therefore highlights the practice and applications of treatment wetlands in cold climate. A comprehensive review of the effectiveness of contaminant removal in different wetland systems including: (1) free water surface (FWS) CWs; (2) subsurface flow (SSF) CWs;and (3) hybrid wetland systems, is presented. The emphasis of this review is also placed on the influence of cold weather conditions on the removal efficacies of different contami-nants. The strategies of wetland design and operation for performance intensification, such as the presence of plant, operational mode, effluent recirculation, artificial aeration and in-series design, which are crucial to achieve the sustainable treatment performance in cold climate, are also discussed. This study is conducive to further research for the understanding of CW design and treatment performance in cold climate.     

鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评指标体系构建

鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评处于探索起步阶段,还未形成一套普遍认可的评价指标体系,2008年对延安市某采油厂油田开发进行了区域开发规划环评。在环境调查、相关方走访及规划方案分析、环境影响识别的基础上,结合当地自然环境、社会环境特征,构建该规划环评的三级指标体系。从多方面对本指标体系结构进行剖析,归纳出鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评指标体系构建应满足的原则和基本要求。