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171.
Shouke Wei Alin Lei Shafi Noor Islam 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(1):91-101
Statistic and econometric regression models were established in this study to analyze and predict industrial water demand,
water deficits, and their future uncertainty in Beijing—a Chinese city with a severe water stress problem. A forecasting model
was selected based on a modeling evaluation by comparing predictions with observations. Four scenarios were designed to simulate
and analyze the future uncertainty of industrial water demand and the water deficit of Beijing. The modeling results for industrial
water demand suggested that Beijing industry would face a water deficit between 3.06 × 108 m3 in 2008 and 2.77×108 m3 in 2015, though its industrial water demand would decrease from 6.31×108 m3 to 4.84 ×108 m3 during this period of time. Results from simulated scenario illustrated that, due to the extreme water scarcity situation,
industry in Beijing would still face a serious water deficit problem even with a very optimistic scenario for the future. 相似文献
172.
Synthesis and characterization of drinking water treatment plant sludge-incorporated Portland cement
Mohammed Dahhou Mohammed El Moussaouiti Muhammad Azeem Arshad Souad Moustahsine Mohamed Assafi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):891-901
Kinetic analysis of thermally activated phase transformations in drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) sludge suggests its applicability in the materials of construction. The suggested prediction has already been verified on the sludge-based bricks. The present study deals with incorporating the same sludge in the raw meal for the synthesis of Portland cement clinkers. For this purpose, two raw meals are prepared with varying sludge loadings. The sludge effect on reactivity of the crude mixture is evaluated on the basis of the free lime content sintered at various elevated temperatures. The results of chemical and mineralogical and scanning electron microscopic analyses reveal fine mineralogical contents of Portland clinkers calcined at 1450 and 1500 °C. Moreover, the cements prepared from these clinkers by the introduction of certain proportions of gypsum, depict significant durability. The obtained results elucidate that the studied DWTP sludge-incorporated Portland cement shows considerable potential to be commercialized. 相似文献
173.
Ouigmane Abdellah Boudouch Otmane Hasib Aziz Elkacmi Reda Aadraoui Mohamed Berkani Mohamed 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(3):1227-1238
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Despite its impact on the environment, the most widely used method for waste management in African countries is landfilling. Energy recovery, in... 相似文献
174.
Abdelkrim Ben Mohamed 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(1):109-117
Analyses of Sahel regional and country-specific rainfall and temperature time series derived from a fixed subset of stations show the well-documented large-scale decreasing trend in rainfall that occurred between 1970 and 2000 and also, an increasing trend in summertime maximum and wintertime minimum temperatures. The evolution of summertime mean maximum temperature is almost opposite to that of rainfall, and a significant correlation is observed between the evolution of this quantity and millet yields, in comparison with correlation with summertime rainfall. It appears that quantifying future vulnerability of the Sahel zone to climate change is rather difficult because climate models have not in general shown yet a satisfactory reproduction of the observed climate variability of this area. 相似文献
175.
Fahmi Ben Fredj Ahmed Wali Moncef Khadhraoui Junkyu Han Naoyuki Funamizu Mohamed Ksibi Hiroko Isoda 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(6):4716-4726
Heavy metal contamination of soil resulting from treated wastewater irrigation can cause serious concerns resulting from consuming contaminated crops. Therefore, it is crucial to assess hazard related to wastewater reuse. In the present investigation, we suggest the use of biomarker approach as a new tool for risk assessment of wastewater reuse in irrigation as an improvement to the conventional detection of physicochemical accumulation in irrigated sites. A field study was conducted at two major sites irrigated with treated wastewater and comparisons were made with a control site. Different soil depths were considered to investigate the extent of heavy metal leaching, the estrogenic activity, and the biomarker response. Results have shown that a longer irrigation period (20 years) caused a slight decrease in soil metal levels when compared to the soil irrigated for 12 years. The highest levels of Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, and Zn were detected at 20 and 40 cm horizons in plots irrigated with wastewater for 12 years. The latter finding could be attributed to chemical leaching to deeper plots for longer irrigation period. Furthermore, the treated wastewater sample showed a high estrogenic activity while none of the soil samples could induce any estrogenic activity. Regarding the stress response, it was observed that the highest stress shown by the HSP47 promoter transfected cells was induced by a longer irrigation period. Finally, the treated wastewater and the irrigated soils exhibited an overexpression of HSP60 in comparison with reference soil following 1 h exposure. In conclusion, in vitro techniques can be efficiently used to assess potential hazard related to wastewater reuse. 相似文献
176.
177.
Haouari J Dahchour A Peña-Heras A Louchard X Lennartz B Alaoui ME Satrallah A 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2006,41(6):883-893
Adsorption and mobility of linuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea) and diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea) were studied in clayey soils from the Gharb area (Morocco). Soils A and B were planted with sun flower (Helianthus annuus) while soil C was planted with sugar cane (Saccharum offcinarum). Adsorption was studied for linuron in soils A and B, while mobility was studied only in soil B. Adsorption data were found to fit the Freundlich equation with correlation coefficients r2 > 0.9. Freundlich coefficients (Kf, nf) were in agreement with L and S isotherm types for soils A and B, respectively. Values of Koc (195 and 102) indicate moderate adsorption. Desorption isotherms for linuron showed hysteresis for both soils. The pesticide would be more bound to soil A (H = 8.44) than to soil B (H = 4.01). The effect of alternating wet and dry conditions was tested for soils A and B. Results showed that retention would increase in soil subject to an additional wet and dry cycle. In the case of diuron isotherm was of type L in soil C. Desorption was noticeable at high concentrations and tended to decrease when concentrations diminished. Mobility of linuron was tested in polyvinyle chloride (PVC) columns, which received different treatments before their percolation. The pesticide was more mobile in a previously saturated column. In columns subject to a drying step after saturation with water, linuron mobility was greatly reduced. 相似文献
178.
Over the past decades, many Asian economies have achieved striking levels of economic growth. This economic growth has been necessary in order to fulfil the material needs and aspirations of growing populations. However, it has also been accompanied by substantial environmental degradation. While the precise interactions between economic growth, economic development and environmental degradation is subject to controversy and a comprehensive assessment of the Asian environment may be required to fully understand this relationship and the present conditions of the environment, it is argued in this paper that the achievement of sustainable economic development and the harmonizing of economic and environmental objectives will not be possible without deliberate policy interventions. Such policies need to incorporate a regional dimension in the form of institution building, in parallel to the concept of regional economic growth. The article focuses on the current problems of environmental and natural resource degradation in Asia, within a possible conceptual framework of impoverishing or unsustainable economic growth, and suggests a set of policies that need to be adopted in order to solve current difficulties. 相似文献
179.
Naoufel Benrachi Mohamed Ouzzane Arezki Smaili Louis Lamarche Messaoud Badache Wahid Maref 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(2):115-126
ABSTRACTThermal potential for cooling and heating can be achieved by new configuration of earth–air heat exchanger (EAHE). This paper presents a numerical investigation of thermal performance of a spiral-shaped configuration of EAHE intended for the summer cooling in hot and arid regions of Algeria. A commercial finite volume software (ANSYS FLUENT) has been used to carry out the transient three-dimensional simulations and the obtained results have been validated using the experimental and numerical data obtained from the literature. The agreement between our simulation results and those from literature is very satisfactory. A parametric analysis of the new geometry of (EAHE) has been performed to investigate the effect of pitch, depth, pipe length and of the flow velocity on the outlet air temperature and the EAHE’s mean efficiency as well as its coefficient of performance (COP). It has been shown that when the pitch space varies between 0.2 and 2 m the difference of outlet air temperature increases by 6 °C. When the air velocity increases from 2 to 5 m/s the mean efficiency decreases from 60 % to 33 % and the COP of the EAHE decreases from 2.84 to 0.46. 相似文献
180.
David P Ahlfeld M. Shafiqul. Islam 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1994,30(4):623-629
ABSTRACT: A model for estimating the probability of exceeding groundwater quality standards at environmental receptors based on a simple contaminant transport model is described. The model is intended for locations where knowledge about site-specific hydrogeologic conditions is limited. An efficient implementation methodology using numerical Monte Carlo simulation is presented. The uncertainty in the contaminant transport system due to uncertainty in the hydraulic conductivity is directly calculated in the Monte Carlo simulations. Numerous variations of the deterministic parameters of the model provide an indication of the change in exceedance probability with change in parameter value. The results of these variations for a generic example are presented in a concise graphical form which provides insight into the topology of the exceedance probability surface. This surface can be used to assess the impact of the various parameters on exceedance probability. 相似文献