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171.
Berkant Odemis Mustafa Kemal Sangun Fatih Evrendilek 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,170(1-4):475-490
The Euphrates and Tigris watersheds originating from Turkey and passing through Syria and Iraq are one of the most important transboundary watersheds in the Middle East. Long-term data (1971 to 2002) from 14 stations over the Euphrates river and seven stations over the Tigris river were analyzed and compared using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Kendall trend tests, and box-and-whisker plots. The upper Euphrates river had significantly lower values of flow rate (FR), water temperature (WT), electrical conductivity (EC), Cl, and SO4 than did the lower Euphrates river. The middle Euphrates river had significantly higher Na, K, HCO3, Cl, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and boron (B) and lower EC and SO4 than the lower Euphrates river. The upper west Tigris river had higher EC, Ca + Mg, and SO4 and lower FR, Na, and SAR than the lower Tigris river. The upper east Tigris river had higher HCO3 and B and lower FR and WT than the lower Tigris river. 相似文献
172.
MD. Mustafa Rahul Pathak A. K. Tripathi Rafat S. Ahmed Kiran Guleria B. D. Banerjee 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,171(1-4):633-638
Aldrin and dieldrin, structurally similar organochlorine pesticides belong to cyclodiene family and were widely used for agriculture and public health program in India. Although the manufacturing, use and import of aldrin and dieldrin have been banned in India since 2003, these pesticides are still persistent in environment and may be associated with adverse neurological and reproductive effects. The aim of this study is to assess the recent exposure level of aldrin and dieldrin and their placental transfer to fetus in normal healthy full-term pregnant women belonging to north Indian population undergoing normal delivery at Obstetrics and Gynecology department of UCMS and GTB hospital, Delhi. Quantitative analysis of aldrin and dieldrin residues in maternal and cord blood samples were carried out by gas chromatography system equipped with electron capture detector. The results of our study clearly revealed that maternal and cord blood levels of aldrin and dieldrin of pregnant women are age and dietary habit dependent. The aldrin level in maternal blood and dieldrin level in cord blood are higher in women in the age group 25–30 years than in women in age group of 19–24 years. Similarly, aldrin level in maternal blood is significantly higher in women with non-vegetarian dietary habit than in women with vegetarian dietary habit. No significant association is found for maternal and cord blood level. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate prenatal uptake of aldrin and dieldrin and provide recent information on the subsequent transplacental transfer. 相似文献
173.
Wenjing Lu Yawar Abbas Muhammad Farooq Mustafa Chao Pan Hongtao Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):30
174.
A method for the preconcentration of the total chromium based on coprecipitation with cerium (IV) hydroxide is proposed for
determination of chromium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Different factors including carrier element amount, pH,
sample volume and matrix ion effects for the precipitation were examined. The detection limit of the total chromium (k = 3, N = 15) was 0.18 μg l−1. The presented method was applied for the determination of chromium in the wastewater samples from Kayseri and Nigde Organized
Industrial Region-Turkey and in drinking water from our laboratory, Kayseri with satisfactory results (relative standard deviations
below 8%, recoveries 95%). The analytical results obtained by the proposed method for certified copper sample was in good
agreement with the certified value. 相似文献
175.
Bayramin I Basaran M Erpul G Canga MR 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,140(1-3):249-265
There has been increasing concern in highlands of semiarid Turkey that conversion of these systems results in excessive soil
erosion, ecosystem degradation, and loss of sustainable resources. An increasing rate of land use/cover changes especially
in semiarid mountainous areas has resulted in important effects on physical and ecological processes, causing many regions
to undergo accelerated environmental degradation in terms of soil erosion, mass movement and reservoir sedimentation. This
paper, therefore, explores the impact of land use changes on land degradation in a linkage to the soil erodibility, RUSLE-K,
in Cankiri–Indagi Mountain Pass, Turkey. The characterization of soil erodibility in this ecosystem is important from the
standpoint of conserving fragile ecosystems and planning management practices. Five adjacent land uses (cropland, grassland,
woodland, plantation, and recreational land) were selected for this research. Analysis of variance showed that soil properties
and RUSLE-K statistically changed with land use changes and soils of the recreational land and cropland were more sensitive
to water erosion than those of the woodland, grassland, and plantation. This was mainly due to the significant decreases in
soil organic matter (SOM) and hydraulic conductivity (HC) in those lands. Additionally, soil samples randomly collected from
the depths of 0–10 cm (D
1) and 10–20 cm (D
2) with irregular intervals in an area of 1,200 by 4,200 m sufficiently characterized not only the spatial distribution of
soil organic matter (SOM), hydraulic conductivity (HC), clay (C), silt (Si), sand (S) and silt plus very fine sand (Si + VFS)
but also the spatial distribution of RUSLE-K as an algebraically estimate of these parameters together with field assessment
of soil structure to assess the dynamic relationships between soil properties and land use types. In this study, in order
to perform the spatial analyses, the mean sampling intervals were 43, 50, 64, 78, 85 m for woodland, plantation, grassland,
recreation, and cropland with the sample numbers of 56, 79, 72, 13, and 69, respectively, resulting in an average interval
of 64 m for whole study area. Although nugget effect and nugget effect–sill ratio gave an idea about the sampling design adequacy,
the better results are undoubtedly likely by both equi-probable spatial sampling and random sampling representative of all
land uses. 相似文献
176.
There is an increasingly need to assess the contaminant levels in fish as indicators of the health and well-being of both the fish and their consumers, including humans. Fish samples were collected through the coastal waters of Turkey and the contents of cadmium, copper, chrome, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and lead in the liver and muscle tissues were determined by ICP-AES. The highest levels of each metal were found in the liver and this was followed by the muscle in both species. Among the metals analyzed, Cu, Zn and Fe were the most abundant in the different tissues while Cd and Pb were the least abundant both in Mullus barbatus (red mullet) and Merlangius merlangus (whiting). Regional changes in metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe and Zn) concentration were observed in the tissues of both species, but these variations may not influence consumption advisories. 相似文献
177.
Micro- and macro-element contents of several commercial fruit juices purchased from marked were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Among the minor elements determined, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, Cd and Ni were found to be lover. Major mineral contents of fruit juices were established as Ca, K, Mg and P. The potassium contents of fruit juices were determined at the higher levels. K contents of fruit juices ranged between 475 mg/kg (B apricot) and 1478 mg/kg (B peach). In addition while Ca contents of fruit juices change between 19.3 mg/kg (E cherry) and 81.8 mg/kg (C orange), Mg contents ranged at the levels between 23.7 mg/kg (A apricot) and 65.4 mg/kg (D orange). Generally Ca and contents of peach, orange and apricot juices that belong to A and D companies were determined at the high levels. 相似文献
178.
179.
Dry deposition and soil-air gas exchange of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in an industrial area 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bozlaker A Odabasi M Muezzinoglu A 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):784-793
Ambient air and dry deposition, and soil samples were collected at the Aliaga industrial site in Izmir, Turkey. Atmospheric total (particle + gas) ∑41-PCB concentrations were higher in summer (3370 ± 1617 pg m−3, average + SD) than in winter (1164 ± 618 pg m−3), probably due to increased volatilization with temperature. Average particulate ∑41-PCBs dry deposition fluxes were 349 ± 183 and 469 ± 328 ng m−2 day−1 in summer and winter, respectively. Overall average particulate deposition velocity was 5.5 ± 3.5 cm s−1. The spatial distribution of ∑41-PCB soil concentrations (n = 48) showed that the iron-steel plants, ship dismantling facilities, refinery and petrochemicals complex are the major sources in the area. Calculated air-soil exchange fluxes indicated that the contaminated soil is a secondary source to the atmosphere for lighter PCBs and as a sink for heavier ones. Comparable magnitude of gas exchange and dry particle deposition fluxes indicated that both mechanisms are equally important for PCB movement between air and soil in Aliaga. 相似文献
180.
Bal R Türk G Tuzcu M Yilmaz O Kuloglu T Gundogdu R Gür S Agca A Ulas M Cambay Z Tuzcu Z Gencoglu H Guvenc M Ozsahin AD Kocaman N Aslan A Etem E 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(5):434-444
In the current study it was aimed to investigate the toxicity of low doses of imidacloprid (IMI) on the reproductive organ systems of adult male rats. The treatment groups received 0.5 (IMI-0.5), 2 (IMI-2) or 8 mg IMI/kg body weight by oral gavage (IMI-8) for three months. The deterioration in sperm motility in IMI-8 group and epidydimal sperm concentration in IMI-2 and IMI-8 groups and abnormality in sperm morphology in IMI-8 were significant. The levels of testosterone (T) and GSH decreased significantly in group IMI-8 compared to the control group. Upon treatment with IMI, apoptotic index increased significantly only in germ cells of the seminiferous tubules of IMI-8 group when compared to control. Fragmentation was striking in the seminal DNA from the IMI-8 group, but it was much less obvious in the IMI-2 one. IMI exposure resulted in elevation of all fatty acids analyzed, but the increases were significant only in stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids. The ratios of 20:4/20:3 and 20:4/18:2 were decreased and 16:1n-9/16:0 ratio was increased. In conclusion, the present animal experiments revealed that the treatment with IMI at NOAEL dose-levels caused deterioration in sperm parameters, decreased T level, increased apoptosis of germ cells, seminal DNA fragmentation, the depletion of antioxidants and change in disturbance of fatty acid composition. All these changes indicate the suppression of testicular function. 相似文献