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排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Frolova Natalia L. Belyakova Pelagiya A. Grigoriev Vadim Yu. Sazonov Alexey A. Zotov Leonid V. Jarsjö Jerker 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(7):1965-1976
Regional Environmental Change - The Selenga River has historically provided 50% of the total freshwater water input to the Lake Baikal, transporting substances and pollutants that can considerably... 相似文献
72.
Bakhmet IN Fokina NN Nefedova ZA Nemova NN 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2009,155(1-4):581-591
Bivalves have a known ability to accumulate different contaminants from ambient water and can therefore serve as bioindicators. The paper analyses certain biochemical and physiological parameters of blue mussels in response to varying oil product concentrations. The heart rate (HR) of blue mussels from the sublittoral zone exposed to different levels of oil products was investigated in a long-term experiment using non-invasive monitoring. A sharp rise in HR was observed at oil concentrations of 8.0 and 38.0 mg/l. A decreasing in mussel HR under the effect of lower concentrations (0.4 and 1.9 mg/l) was significant on the fourth day. Strong fluctuations of the cardiac activity were noted under all concentrations. After 6 days of oil treatment, tissues of the mussels were sampled to determine the total lipid composition. Low concentrations of oil products produced no reliable changes in the lipid composition whereas high concentrations induced significant changes in the ratio of lipid components (cholesterol and phospholipids). 相似文献
73.
74.
Arsenic, chromium and mercury removal using mussel shell ash or a sludge/ashes waste mixture 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Natalia Seco-Reigosa Susana Peña-Rodríguez Juan Carlos Nóvoa-Muñoz Manuel Arias-Estévez María J. Fernández-Sanjurjo Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez Avelino Núñez-Delgado 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(4):2670-2678
Different batches of valued mussel shell and waste mussel shell ash are characterised. Shell ash has pH?>?12 and high electrical conductivities (between 16.01 and 27.27 dS?m?1), while calcined shell shows pH values up to 10.7 and electrical conductivities between 1.19 and 3.55 dS?m?1. X-ray fluorescence, nitric acid digestion and water extractions show higher concentrations in shell ash for most parameters. Calcite is the dominant crystalline compound in this ash (95.6 %), followed by aragonite. Adsorption/desorption trials were performed for mussel shell ash and for a waste mixture including shell ash, sewage sludge and wood ash, showing the following percentage adsorptions: Hg(II) >94 %, As(V) >96 % and Cr(VI) between 11 and 30 % for shell ash; Hg(II) >98 %, As(V) >88 % and Cr(VI) between 30 and 88 % for the waste mixture. Hg and As desorption was <5 % for both shell ash and the waste mixture, while Cr desorption was between 92 and 45 % for shell ash, and between 19 and 0 % for the mixture. In view of that, mussel shell ash and the mixture including shell ash, sewage sludge and wood ash could be useful for Hg(II) and As(V) removal. 相似文献
75.
Natalia Seco-Reigosa Alipio Bermúdez-Couso Beatriz Garrido-Rodríguez Manuel Arias-Estévez María J. Fernández-Sanjurjo Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez Avelino Núñez-Delgado 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6574-6583
As(V) retention capacity is determined by means of adsorption/desorption trials performed for coarse and fine ground mussel shell, forest and vineyard soils with or without fine shell, pine wood ash, oak wood ash, pine sawdust and slate-processing fines. Pine ash shows the highest arsenic retention potential (with >97 % adsorption and ≤1 % desorption), followed by shell-amended forest soil (adsorption between 96 and 92 %), by un-amended forest soil (adsorption between 98 and 86 %) and by the amended vineyard soil (adsorption between 92 and 75 %). Sawdust is the material with the lowest arsenic retention capacity in most cases, with un-amended vineyard soil also showing poor results. In the case of oak ash, As(V) percentage adsorption becomes higher with increasing added arsenic concentrations, while this increase in added arsenic causes lower percentage adsorption in the case of slate fines. Regarding adsorption ability, As(V) adsorption data were fitted to Freundlich and Langmuir models, showing good fitting, with pine ash and shell-amended forest soil having the highest K F values. In view of that, mussel shell amendment would be useful to increase arsenic retention on forest and vineyard soils, while pine ash could be used to retain arsenic even from wastewaters. 相似文献
76.
Díaz-Mendoza Claudia Mouthon-Bello Javier Pérez-Herrera Natalia Lucia Escobar-Díaz Stephanie María 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(32):39913-39922
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plastics have become strong environmental stressors of coastal marine ecosystems. Their introduction into the marine ecosystem is subjected to... 相似文献
77.
Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal, 2-butenal, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, benzaldehyde, 2-methylbenzaldehyde, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde were measured during six spring days at downtown Santiago de Chile. Measurements were performed 24h/day and averaged over three hour periods. The averages of the maxima (ppbv) were, formaldehyde: 3.9+/-1.4; butanal: 3.3+/-3.4; acetaldehyde: 3.0+/-0.9; acetone: 2.4+/-1.0; 2-butenal: 0.56+/-0.52; propanal: 0.46+/-0.21; benzaldehyde: 0.34+/-0.3; 3-butanal: 0.11+/-0.05; hexanal: 0.11+/-0.08; 2-methylbenzaldehyde: 0.08+/-0.05; 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde: 0.05+/-0.03. Aliphatic aldehydes (C1-C3) are strongly correlated among them and weakly with primary (toluene) and secondary (ozone plus nitrogen dioxide or PAN) pollutants. In particular, the correlation between acetaldehyde and propanal values remains even if diurnal and nocturnal data are considered separately, indicating similar sources. All these aldehydes present maxima values in the morning (9-12h) and minima at night (0-3h). The best correlation is observed when butanal and 2-butenal data are considered (r=0.99, butanal/2-butenal=6.2). These compounds present maxima values during the 3-6h period, with minima values in the 0-3h period. These data imply a strong pre-dawn emission. Other aldehydes show different daily profiles, suggesting unrelated origins. Formaldehyde is the aldehyde whose concentration values best correlate with the levels of oxidants. The contribution of primary emissions and photochemical processes to formaldehyde concentrations were estimated by using a multiple regression. This treatment indicates that (32+/-16)% of measured values arise from direct emissions, while (79+/-23)% is attributable to secondary formation. 相似文献
78.
79.
Simone Tenan Aaron Iemma Natalia Bragalanti Paolo Pedrini Marta De Barba Ettore Randi Claudio Groff Meritxell Genovart 《Conservation biology》2016,30(6):1307-1319
The conservation of wildlife requires management based on quantitative evidence, and especially for large carnivores, unraveling cause‐specific mortalities and understanding their impact on population dynamics is crucial. Acquiring this knowledge is challenging because it is difficult to obtain robust long‐term data sets on endangered populations and, usually, data are collected through diverse sampling strategies. Integrated population models (IPMs) offer a way to integrate data generated through different processes. However, IPMs are female‐based models that cannot account for mate availability, and this feature limits their applicability to monogamous species only. We extended classical IPMs to a two‐sex framework that allows investigation of population dynamics and quantification of cause‐specific mortality rates in nonmonogamous species. We illustrated our approach by simultaneously modeling different types of data from a reintroduced, unhunted brown bear (Ursus arctos) population living in an area with a dense human population. In a population mainly driven by adult survival, we estimated that on average 11% of cubs and 61% of adults died from human‐related causes. Although the population is currently not at risk, adult survival and thus population dynamics are driven by anthropogenic mortality. Given the recent increase of human‐bear conflicts in the area, removal of individuals for management purposes and through poaching may increase, reversing the positive population growth rate. Our approach can be generalized to other species affected by cause‐specific mortality and will be useful to inform conservation decisions for other nonmonogamous species, such as most large carnivores, for which data are scarce and diverse and thus data integration is highly desirable. 相似文献
80.
Elena Cantarello Adrian C. NewtonRoss A. Hill Natalia Tejedor-GaravitoGuadalupe Williams-Linera Fabiola López-BarreraRobert H. Manson Duncan J. Golicher 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(5):1112-1128
Examining the potential for ecological restoration is important in areas where anthropogenic disturbance has degraded forest landscapes. However, the conditions under which restoration of degraded tropical dry forests (TDF) might be achieved in practice have not been determined in detail. In this study, we used LANDIS-II, a spatially explicit model of forest dynamics, to assess the potential for passive restoration of TDF through natural regeneration. The model was applied to two Mexican landscapes under six different disturbance regimes, focusing on the impact of fire and cattle grazing on forest cover, structure and composition. Model results identified two main findings. First, tropical dry forests are more resilient to anthropogenic disturbance than expected. Results suggested that under both a scenario of small, infrequent fires and a scenario of large, frequent fires, forest area can increase relatively rapidly. However, forest structure and composition differed markedly between these scenarios. After 400 years, the landscape becomes increasingly occupied by relatively shade-tolerant species under small, infrequent fires, but only species with both relatively high shade tolerance and high fire tolerance can thrive under conditions with large, frequent fires. Second, we demonstrated that different forms of disturbance can interact in unexpected ways. Our projections revealed that when grazing acts in combination with fire, forest cover, structure and composition vary dramatically depending on the frequency and extent of the fires. Results indicated that grazing and fire have a synergistic effect causing a reduction in forest cover greater than the sum of their individual effects. This suggests that passive landscape-scale restoration of TDF is achievable in both Mexican study areas only if grazing is reduced, and fires are carefully managed to reduce their frequency and intensity. 相似文献