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161.
垂直流人工湿地水力学特性研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
通过示踪剂实验从停留时间分布(RTD)曲线及其统计特征值等方面对垂直流人工湿地的水力学特性进行了定性和定量的分析。研究表明水流在垂直流人工湿地中的流动是一种非理想的不均匀流动,存在一定的死区和水流的扩散;垂直流人工湿地较大的死区率与其表面布水的不均匀性有关,这也可能是其死区率大于表流人工湿地的最主要的原因。实验还表明,进水流量对垂直流人工湿地停留时间分布影响较大,随着进水流量的增加,平均停留时间减小,但标准平均停留时间增大,死区率减小;当进水流量为15L/h(水力负荷为620mm/d)时,水流在湿地中的散度最大,水流更接近全混流,不利于污染物的降解。 相似文献
162.
对炼油废水处理场现有工艺进行流程优化,将MBR装置调整在接触氧化池之后运行.优化流程后氨氮平均去除率可从近于0提高至71.70%;COD平均去除率可从50.00%提高至72.00%.通过对工艺流程的对比,分析了现有工艺氨氮质量浓度难以降低的原因,指出废水中存在的某些污染物对硝化细菌起到抑制作用,减少了反应器中硝化细菌的... 相似文献
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Li Shifeng Guo Yang Xiao Min Zhang Tan Yao Shuhua Zang Shuyan Fan Hongtao Shen Yanming Zhang Zhigang Li Wenxiu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(12):12014-12024
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, Mn-doped MgAl-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were successfully synthesized for efficient removal arsenate from aqueous solution. The... 相似文献
165.
Ying Zhang Yangyang Zhang Qiang Wang Xuerong Fan 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2017,25(3):526-532
Electro conductive hydrogels, consisting of chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), and polypyrrole (PPy), were prepared via an in situ enzymic polymerization of pyrrole in the CS–HA hydrogel, using laccase as the catalyst. This CS–HA–PPy composite hydrogel showed good conductivity. The chemical structure and morphology of this conductive hydrogel were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction technique. For CS–HA–PPy and CH–HA hydrogel, the temperature at which fastest decomposition occurred was 260 and 244 °C, respectively. That means the thermal stability of CS–HA–PPy is better than CS–HA hydrogel. The conductive hydrogel also showed excellent swelling and deswelling behaviors. 相似文献
166.
J.M. Zhang T. Wang A.J. Ding X.H. Zhou L.K. Xue C.N. Poon W.S. Wu J. Gao H.C. Zuo J.M. Chen X.C. Zhang S.J. Fan 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(2):228-237
Knowledge on atmospheric abundance of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is important in assessing the severity of photochemical pollution, and for understanding chemical transformation of reactive odd nitrogen and its impact on the budget of tropospheric ozone (O3). In summer 2006, continuous measurements of PAN were made using an automatic GC–ECD analyzer with an on-line calibrator at a suburban site of Lanzhou (LZ) and a remote site of Mt. Waliguan (WLG) in western China, with concurrent measurements of O3, total reactive nitrogen (NOy) and carbon monoxide (CO). At LZ, several photochemical episodes were observed during the study, and the average mixing ratio of PAN (plus or minus standard deviation) was 0.76 (±0.89) ppbv with the maximum value of 9.13 ppbv, compared to an average value of 0.44 (±0.16) ppbv at remote WLG. The PAN mixing ratios in LZ exhibited strong diurnal variations with a maximum at noon, while enhanced concentrations of PAN were observed in the evening and a minimum in the afternoon at WLG. The daily O3 and PAN concentration maxima showed a strong correlation (r2 = 0.91) in LZ, with a regression slope (PAN/O3) of 0.091 ppbv ppbv?1. At WLG, six well-identified pollution plumes (lasting 2–8 h) were observed with elevated concentrations of PAN (and other trace gases), and analysis of backward particle release simulation shows that the high-PAN events at WLG were mostly associated with the transport of air masses that had passed over LZ. 相似文献
167.
Fan Yang Hong Chen Xinning Wang Xin Yang Jianfei Du Jianmin Chen 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(25):3876-3882
Oxalic acid in individual aerosol particles was measured using single particle aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ATOFMS) in the summer of 2007 in Shanghai, China. Oxalate was found in 3.4% of total particles with diameters in the range of 0.2 – 2.0 μm. Size, chemical composition and hourly temporal counts of single particles that contained oxalic acid were measured. The predominant types of oxalate-containing particles were characterized to distinguish the primary and secondary sources of oxalic acid. Biomass burning was revealed as a major primary source of oxalic acid which contributed more than 20% of the oxalate-containing particles. Evidences for two different formation pathways of oxalic acid were observed in our experiment. The number fraction of oxalate-containing particles correlated with that of sulfate particles and the changes of air parcel backward trajectories, suggesting that in-cloud processing played important roles in oxalic acid formation. The diurnal patterns of dust and sea salt particle counts fitted well with the ambient relative humidity variation, suggesting that heterogeneous reactions occurring in hydrated/deliquesced aerosols also contributed to the production of oxalic acid. 相似文献
168.
通过正交试验,得到了DAT-IAT工艺和A/DAT-IAT工艺处理城市污水的常规指标去除和生态毒理指标削减的最优运行条件。结果表明,在正交试验的同一工艺中,COD去除最优运行条件的出水COD值优于生态毒性削减最优运行条件的出水COD值,但前者出水的生态毒性较大。由于厌氧池的水解酸化作用,A/DAT-IAT工艺对COD和生态毒性的处理效果均优于DAT-IAT工艺,并且回流总能耗低于DAT-IAT工艺,但是出水COD仍不达标。为了降低进入工艺的COD的总量,以絮凝沉淀做为预处理工艺,并采用Al残留量最小的絮凝剂投药量以降低出水中残留Al带来的生态风险。结果表明,在COD去除最优运行条件下,具有絮凝预处理的工艺对COD的去除效果优于没有絮凝预处理的工艺。絮凝-A/DAT-IAT工艺在COD去除最优运行条件下出水COD为104.46 mg/L,满足排放标准。在毒性削减最优运行条件下,具有絮凝预处理的工艺的出水生态毒性有所上升,但是污染物的总量得到了大幅削减。絮凝-A/DAT-IAT工艺与DAT-IAT工艺相比,在污染物去除效率得到大幅增加的同时,生态毒性得到有效控制,生态安全得到了有效的保障。 相似文献
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