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排序方式: 共有300条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Nicolas Gruchy Eleonore Blondeel Nathalie Le Meur Géraldine Joly-Hélas Pascal Chambon Marianne Till Martine Herbaux Adeline Vigouroux-Castera Aurélie Coussement James Lespinasse Florence Amblard Mélanie Jimenez Pocquet Camille Lebel-Roy Frédérique Carré-Pigeon Elisabeth Flori Francine Mugneret Sylvie Jaillard Catherine Yardin Radu Harbuz Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame Philippe Vago Mylène Valduga Nathalie Leporrier François Vialard 《黑龙江环境通报》2016,36(6):523-529
92.
Delphine Nicolas Aurélie Chaalali Hilaire Drouineau Jérémy Lobry Ainhize Uriarte Angel Borja Philippe Boët 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(3):639-649
The aim of this study was to determine whether the latitudinal distribution of fish species that use estuaries to complete
their entire life cycle has shifted northward as an expected consequence of global warming. The mean latitude of past fish
species distributions found in 1970s’ literature was compared with the mean latitude of distributions today based on fish
density indices collected in 55 tidal estuaries along the Atlantic European seaboard, from Portugal to Scotland. Among the
15 most common species, 11 displayed a positive difference between current and past mean latitudes suggesting a northward
shift of the populations. Using the occurrence of subtropical species in temperate areas as an indicator of water warming,
the northernmost range limit of 10 subtropical species was subsequently focused on. Six of them were recorded up to their
past northern latitudinal limit. These results reinforced the idea that a number of fish species associated to estuaries have
migrated northwards over the last 30 years, possibly due to water warming. These ecological changes can get important managerial
implications, i.e. in the assessment of the ecological status in European directives. 相似文献
93.
Loukas Athanasios Vasiliades Lampros Dalezios Nicolas R. 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2004,4(4-5):331-347
The modification of the flood response due to future climate change is presented for the Illecillewaet watershed of British Columbia, Canada. The Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling Analysis General Circulation Model (CGCMa1) was used for the assessment of changes of precipitation and temperature due to climate change. The runoff was simulated using the UBC watershed model and considering, also, changes on the spatial distribution of precipitation with elevation, cloud cover, glaciers, vegetation distribution, vegetation biomass production, and plant physiology. The results show that the future climate would be wetter and warmer than the present climate affecting the type, the magnitude and the temporal distribution of floods as well as the frequency of flood peaks. The above changes in the flood response of the study watershed could be explained by the change of the form of precipitation from snowfall to rainfall, the consequent decrease of the snowpack, and the initiation of the snowmelt earlier in the season, under the altered climate. 相似文献
94.
Jan Ehrhard Rainer Kunz Nicolas Moussiopoulos 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2000,65(1-2):201-209
It is well known that the commonly used k- turbulence models yield inaccurate predictions for complex flow fields. One reason for this inaccuracy is the misrepresentation of Reynolds stress differences. Nonlinear turbulence models are capable to overcome this weakness while being not considerably more complex. However no comprehensive studies are known which analyze the performance of nonlinear turbulence models for three-dimensional flows around building-shaped structures. In the present study the predictions of the flow around a surface-mounted cube using three nonlinear two-equation turbulence models are discussed. The results are compared with predictions of the standard k- turbulence model and wind tunnel measurements. It is shown that the use of nonlinear turbulence models can be beneficial in predicting wind flows around buildings. 相似文献
95.
Troubles on the way: An analysis of the challenges faced by multi-stakeholder platforms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nicolas Faysse 《Natural resources forum》2006,30(3):219-229
Multi‐stakeholder platforms (MSPs) have been widely promoted as a promising means of resolving conflicts over natural resources, first in developed countries and, more recently, as a global good practice. However, many MSPs have been implemented in an unfavourable context — primarily of social inequities — and have not met initial high expectations. The article analyzes the challenges MSPs face in an unfavourable context, and identifies five main issues:
- ? Power relationships;
- ? Platform composition;
- ? Stakeholder representation and capacity to participate meaningfully in the debates;
- ? Decision‐making power and mechanisms; and finally
- ? Cost of setting up an MSP.
96.
Setting the stage for the review of the international estimate of short-term intake (IESTI) equation
Anke Richter Christian Sieke Hermine Reich Bernadette C. Ossendorp Nicolas Breysse Jason Lutze 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(6):343-351
ABSTRACTIn the framework of setting Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for pesticides, both chronic and acute health risks to consumers arising from the long-term and short-term dietary exposure to pesticide residues have to be assessed. The current internationally harmonized approach for assessing the acute dietary exposure is based on deterministic methods for calculating the IESTI (International Estimate of Short-Term Intake). Recently, it became apparent that the IESTI approach needs a revision in the light of new scientific and political aspects. The main reasons that require this review were the lack of an international harmonization of the methodology which implies trade barriers as well as difficulties in risk communication concerning the public trust in regulatory systems. The most recent milestone in the scientific debate on a possible revision of the IESTI equation was an international scientific workshop held in Geneva in September 2015. The main objectives of this meeting were the re-evaluation, and where possible, the international harmonization of the input parameters for the IESTI equations as well as the equations themselves. The main recommendations from the workshop were (i) to replace the highest residue and supervised trials median residue with the maximum residue limit (MRL), (ii) to use a standard variability factor of three, (iii) to derive the P97.5 large portion value from the distribution of consumption values of dietary surveys expressed as kg food/kg bw/d, and (iv) to remove the commodity unit weight from the equations. In addition, the application of conversion factors and processing factors was addressed. On the initiative of the (World Health Organization) WHO Collaborating Centre on Chemical Food Safety at the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands, an international working group with members from the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, France (ANSES), Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Australia (APVMA), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany (BfR), Chemical Regulation Division, the United Kingdom (CRD), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and RIVM, the Netherlands was formed after the IESTI workshop to conduct a comprehensive impact assessment of the proposed changes of the IESTI equations. 相似文献
97.
Boisseaux Paul Noury Patrice Delorme Nicolas Perrier Lucile Thomas-Guyon Helene Garric Jeanne 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16720-16728
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Wastewater treatment plant effluents from urban area are a well-known source of chronic multiple micropollution to the downstream living organisms. In... 相似文献
98.
Dorothe Ehrich Niels M. Schmidt Gilles Gauthier Ray Alisauskas Anders Angerbjrn Karin Clark Frauke Ecke Nina E. Eide Erik Framstad Jay Frandsen Alastair Franke Olivier Gilg Marie-Andre Giroux Heikki Henttonen Birger Hrnfeldt Rolf A. Ims Gennadiy D. Kataev Sergey P. Kharitonov Siw T. Killengreen Charles J. Krebs Richard B. Lanctot Nicolas Lecomte Irina E. Menyushina Douglas W. Morris Guy Morrisson Lauri Oksanen Tarja Oksanen Johan Olofsson Ivan G. Pokrovsky Igor Yu. Popov Donald Reid James D. Roth Sarah T. Saalfeld Gustaf Samelius Benoit Sittler Sergey M. Sleptsov Paul A. Smith Aleksandr A. Sokolov Natalya A. Sokolova Mikhail Y. Soloviev Diana V. Solovyeva 《Ambio》2020,49(3):786-800
Lemmings are a key component of tundra food webs and changes in their dynamics can affect the whole ecosystem. We present a comprehensive overview of lemming monitoring and research activities, and assess recent trends in lemming abundance across the circumpolar Arctic. Since 2000, lemmings have been monitored at 49 sites of which 38 are still active. The sites were not evenly distributed with notably Russia and high Arctic Canada underrepresented. Abundance was monitored at all sites, but methods and levels of precision varied greatly. Other important attributes such as health, genetic diversity and potential drivers of population change, were often not monitored. There was no evidence that lemming populations were decreasing in general, although a negative trend was detected for low arctic populations sympatric with voles. To keep the pace of arctic change, we recommend maintaining long-term programmes while harmonizing methods, improving spatial coverage and integrating an ecosystem perspective. 相似文献
99.
Nicolas Picard Steen Magnussen Ludovic Ngok Banak Salomon Namkosserena Yves Yalibanda 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,164(1-4):279-295
Permanent sample plots (PSP), where trees are individually and permanently marked, have received increased interest in Central Africa as a tool to monitor vegetation changes. Although techniques for mounting PSP in tropical forests are well known, their planning still deserves attention. This study aims at defining a rationale for determining the size and number of replicates for setting up PSP in mixed tropical forests. It considers PSP as a sampling plan to estimate a target quantity with its associated margin of error. The target quantity considered here is the stock recovery rate, which is a key parameter for forest management in Central Africa. It is computed separately for each commercial species. The number of trees to monitor for each species defines the margin of error on the stock recovery rate. The size and number of replicated plots is obtained as the solution of an optimization problem that consists in minimizing the margin of error for every species while ensuring that the mounting cost remains below a given threshold. This rationale was applied using the data from the M’Baïki experimental site in the Central African Republic. It showed that the stock recovery rate is a highly variable quantity, and that the typical cost that forest managers are prone to devote to PSP leads to high margins of error. It also showed that the size and number of replicated plots is related to the spatial pattern of trees: clustered or spatially heterogeneous patterns favor many small plots, whereas regular or spatially homogeneous patterns favor few large plots. 相似文献
100.
Batch and column studies of the stabilization of toxic heavy metals in dredged marine sediments by hematite after bioremediation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yannick Mamindy-Pajany Florence Geret Charlotte Hurel Nicolas Marmier 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(8):5212-5219
The management of dredged sediments is an important issue in coastal regions where the marine sediments are highly polluted by metals and organic pollutants. In this paper, mineral-based amendments (hematite, zero-valent iron and zeolite) were used to stabilize metallic pollutants (As, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in a contaminated marine sediment sample. Mineral-based amendments were tested at three application rates (5 %, 10 %, and 15 %) in batch experiments in order to select the best amendment to perform column experiments. Batch tests have shown that hematite was the most efficient amendment to stabilize inorganic pollutants (As, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the studied sediment. Based on batch tests, hematite was used at one application rate equal to 5 % to conduct column experiments. Column tests confirmed that hematite was able to decrease metal concentrations in leachates from stabilized sediment. The stabilization rates were particularly high for Cd (67 %), Mo (80 %), and Pb (90 %). The Microtox solid phase test showed that hematite could decrease significantly the toxicity of stabilized sediment. Based on batch and column experiments, it emerged that hematite could be a suitable adsorbent to stabilize metals in dredged marine sediment. 相似文献