膜分离腐殖质前后晚期渗滤液可生化性的变化

晚期渗滤液由于含有大量难降解有机物腐殖质,可生化性差,较难处理。采用特定分子量的超滤膜对晚期渗滤液中的腐殖质进行有效的分离,研究了膜分离腐殖质前后渗滤液的可生化性的变化：渗滤液中腐殖质类物质去除率为90．7％,BOD5/COD值提高了6倍,可生物降解的有机物在总有机物中所占比率提高了约4倍。结果表明,分离腐殖质可提高渗滤液的可生化性。     

某炼油厂常减压装置职业卫生学调查

对某炼油厂常减压生产装置进行职业卫生学调查,了解作业场所职业病危害因素及其危害程度.检测结果中硫化氢、二氧化硫、氨、正己烷、甲苯、二甲苯、噪声均符合<工作场所有害因素职业接触限值>标准的要求.     

Strength characteristics of geosynthetic reinforced mechanically biologically treated waste by triaxial test

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The reinforcement strength characteristics of mechanically biologically treated (MBT) waste were studied by conducting consolidated undrained triaxial...     

Research on Methods of Ecological Security Assessment of the Middle and Lower Reaches of Liaohe River Based on GIS

1INTRODUCTIONResources and environment crisis are accompanied byincreasing economic development pressures and rapidpopulation growth in many countries of the world(RobSwart,1996).Ecological security is a hotspot.Majorityof scholars have taken in the hot discussions of ecologicalsecurity of different regions,most of which is differentfrom their background of subjects(Alex F.Mc Calla,1999;Xiao Duning,Chen Wenbo and Guo Fuliang,2002).With the development of GIS,GPS,RS and modeltechno…     

IFRP: a hybrid interval-parameter fuzzy robust programming approach for waste management planning under uncertainty

In this study, an interval-parameter fuzzy-robust programming (IFRP) model is developed and applied to the planning of solid waste management systems under uncertainty. As an extension of the existing fuzzy-robust programming and interval-parameter linear programming methods, the IFRP can explicitly address system uncertainties with complex presentations. Parameters in the IFRP model can be represented as interval numbers and/or fuzzy membership functions, such that the uncertainties can be directly communicated into the optimization process and resulting solution. Furthermore, highly uncertain information for the lower and upper bounds of interval parameters that exist due to the complexity of the real world can be effectively handled through introducing the concept of fuzzy boundary interval. Consequently, robustness of the optimization process and solution can be enhanced. Results of the case study indicate that useful solutions for planning municipal solid waste management practices can be generated. They reflect a compromise between optimality and stability of the study system. Willingness to pay higher costs will guarantee the system stability; however, a desire to reduce the costs will run the risk of potential instability of the system. The results also suggest that the proposed hybrid methodology is applicable to practical problems that are associated with highly complex and uncertain information.     

充分发挥政府职能部门作用共同做好防震减灾工作

共同做好防震减灾工作,政府各职能部门要各司其职,各负其责仅靠领导重视及部门之间的密切配合还不够,必须用相应的制度做保证。还要通过不断的加强宣传,在各级领导的思想中树立起“经济建设与防震减灾工作同等重要”的观念。     

基于灰色系统GM(1,N)模型的高炉炉尘量的预测

应用灰色系统GM(1,N)模型对高炉冶炼时产生的炉尘量进行预报,以等维新息建模方式建模,同时结合GM(1,N)残差模型对预测值进行修正,以提高预测精度,使相对误差小于3％的命中率达到83．6％,给生产提供相关技术支持,以通过具体操作来达到固体废物减量化的目的。     

金沙江干热河谷侵蚀陡坡植被恢复对土壤质量的影响

植被恢复关系到金沙江干热河谷陡坡冲沟侵蚀的发育,土壤质量的演化.文章以元谋干热河谷侵蚀陡坡为例,通过测定植被恢复地与侵蚀裸地的土壤质量,探讨了植被恢复对侵蚀陡坡土壤质量的影响.结果表明:侵蚀陡坡植被恢复有效地防止了土壤侵蚀的发生.与侵蚀裸地相比,植被恢复地土壤剖面层次保持完整,母质层以上有明显的A、B层,土壤厚度变异小且厚度大,物理性粘粒含量高,基本保持着母质为粘土层的变性燥红土质地粘重特征.植被恢复在3年多时间内对土壤紧实度尚没有起到明显改善作用.土壤容重依然偏大.植被恢复对雨季陡坡土壤水分的改善效果好,而在旱季改善效果不好.雨季,植被恢复地水分含量高,不同坡位土壤水分差异不明显.旱季,植被恢复地与侵蚀裸地土壤水分状况相似.两种类型的坡地土壤水分含量都很低,不同坡位土壤水分差异明显,而且土壤水分含量沿向下坡方向降低.植被恢复减弱了陡坡土壤侵蚀带来的有机质流失,促进了有机质的积累.因此,针对目前植被恢复的不足,采取有效的土壤改良措施,保土保水,提高土壤水分储量,减小土壤水分的时空差异,同时降低土壤紧实度,是今后侵蚀陡坡植被恢复值得考虑的一项工作.     

改性沸石同步深度脱氮除磷的实验研究

以氯化铝、硫酸镁为活性剂,采取高温活化,对天然沸石进行改性,并通过正交试验优化了改性工艺。以模拟二级出水为研究对象,考察了改性沸石同步去除水样中氮磷的效果及其影响因素,并对不同温度下改性沸石对磷酸盐和氨氮的吸附平衡和吸附热力学,以及脱氮除磷机理进行了探讨。结果表明,15 min后改性沸石脱氮除磷过程基本完成,其pH值范围与实际污水相符,最佳pH值为8;当投加质量浓度为0.8 g/L时,出水中氨氮浓度和总磷浓度均达到景观环境用水水质标准(GB/T 18921-2002)。改性沸石对氨氮和磷酸盐的吸附均符合Langmuir等温吸附方程。热力学参数ΔG⁰、ΔH⁰分别为正值和负值,表明该吸附是一个自发的吸热过程。     

纤维与石英砂过滤技术的比较研究

提出了无需额外反冲洗装置与动力消耗的水力自清洗纤维过滤技术,与石英砂过滤进行了比较研究,探索该技术应用的可行性。结果表明,10 m/h滤速下纤维过滤与石英砂过滤相比,出水浊度、SS分别降低59%和86%,COD、TOC、TP和TN降低5%～20%,水头损失大幅降低,两者初始水头损失分别为0.12 kPa和3.97 kPa,5 h后分别达到1.58kPa和5.98 kPa。纤维滤柱反冲洗历时40 s,而石英砂滤柱为15 min,反洗耗水率分别为2.9%和6.9%。反洗后纤维滤柱出水浊度和SS分别为4.08 NTU、6 mg/L,低于石英砂滤柱的5.81 NTU、28 mg/L。水力自清洗纤维过滤技术可节省动力装置和动力消耗,反冲洗历时短、耗水率低,具有较好的应用前景。