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91.
Three cultures were enriched from cork boiling wastewater using tannic acid as the selective carbon substrate, at 25 degrees C and pH 7.2, 25 degrees C and pH 4.7 and 50 degrees C and pH 4.7. The enrichment culture obtained at neutral pH was composed of five culturable isolates, whereas from each acidic enrichment two bacterial strains were isolated. Mesophilic isolates were Gram negative bacteria belonging to the genera Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Burkholderia. Thermophilic isolates were members of the genus Bacillus. Despite the capability of the enrichment cultures to use tannic acid as single carbon and energy source, those cultures were unable to reduce the total polyphenols or the total organic carbon content of cork boiling wastewater. In order to increase the bioavailability of the organic carbon in cork boiling wastewater, biodegradation was preceded by Fenton oxidation. It was demonstrated that the combined process, using small amounts of Fenton reagents and biodegradative inoculum added almost simultaneously to cork boiling wastewater, leads to TOC reductions of more than 90%. 相似文献
92.
Olga Kizinievič Valdas Balkevičius Jolanta Pranckevičienė Viktor Kizinievič 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(8):1488-1494
Large amounts of centrifuging waste of mineral wool melt (CMWW) are created during the production of mineral wool. CMWW is technogenic aluminum silicate raw material, formed from the particles of undefibred melt (60–70%) and mineral wool fibers (30–40%). 0.3–0.6% of organic binder with phenol and formaldehyde in its composition exists in this material. Objective of the research is to investigate the possibility to use CMWW as an additive for the production of ceramic products, by neutralising phenol and formaldehyde existing in CMWW. Formation masses were prepared by incorporating 10%, 20% and 30% of CMWW additive and burned at various temperatures. It was identified that the amount of 10–30% of CMWW additive influences the following physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic body: lowers drying and firing shrinkage, density, increases compressive strength and water absorption. Investigations carried out show that CMWW waste can be used for the production of ceramic products of various purposes. 相似文献
93.
Roel Massink Mark Zuidgeest Jaap Rijnsburger Olga L. Sarmiento Martin van Maarseveen 《Natural resources forum》2011,35(2):100-111
The reduction of CO2 emissions constitutes one of the largest challenges of the current era. Sustainable transportation, and especially cycling, can contribute to the mitigation of CO2 emissions since cycling possesses an intrinsic zero‐emission value. Few studies have been conducted that appraise the CO2 reduction potential of cycling. Opportunity costs enable the estimation of avoided CO2 emissions resulting from bicycle trips. The methodology developed in this research allows the attribution of a climate value to cycling by substituting bicycle trips with their most likely alternative transportation modes and calculating the resulting additional CO2 emissions. The methodology uses data on the current modal shares of cycling mobility, the competition of cycling with other transportation modes, and CO2 emission factors to calculate the climate value of cycling. When it is assumed that the avoided CO2 emissions of cycling mobility could be traded on financial carbon markets, the climate value of cycling represents a monetary value. Application of the methodology to the case of Bogotá, Colombia — a city with a current bicycle modal share of 3.3% on a total of 10 million daily trips — results in a climate value of cycling of 55,115 tons of CO2 per year, corresponding to an economic value of between 1 and 7 million US dollars when traded on the carbon market. 相似文献
94.
The present paper reports on an observation that dendrite-like polycrystalline structures from evaporating droplets of wheat grain leakages exhibit bilateral symmetry. The exactness of this symmetry, measured by means of fluctuating asymmetry, varies depending on the cultivar and stress factor influence, and seems to correspond to the seed germination rate. In the bodies of plants, animals, and humans, the exactness of bilateral symmetry is known to reflect the environmental conditions of an organism’s growth, its health, and its success in sexual selection. In polycrystalline structures, formed under the same conditions, the symmetry exactness depends on the properties of the crystallizing solution such as the composition and viscosity; however, it has never been associated with sample quality. We hypothesize here that, as in living nature, the exactness of approximate bilateral symmetry might be considered a quality indicator also in crystallographic methods applied to food quality analysis. 相似文献
95.
Kizinievič Olga Voišnienė Violeta Kizinievič Viktor Pundienė Ina 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(1):237-249
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This paper presents an experimental study on the properties, structure and durability (frost resistance: one-side and all-sides freezing and... 相似文献
96.
97.
Petro Kapustenko Stanislav Boldyryev Olga Arsenyeva Gennadiy Khavin 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(10):951-958
This paper originated as a part of a comprehensive research project designed to develop ecologically sustainable, environmentally friendly, resource- and energy-saving industrial process technology for the production of a wide class of phosphorus containing substances. The essential feature of the research was designed for the replacement of tubular heat exchangers with Plate heat exchangers (PHEs) and for the installation of these units in new locations in the processes to optimally improve energy efficiency and to prevent pollution. Despite the severe operating conditions in the production of phosphoric acid PHEs of various designs find the application in these processes. For such a corrosive environment as a phosphoric acid production plant, the Hastelloy G30 alloy is used as the material for the plates and synthetic rubber EPDM is used as the material for inter-plate gaskets. The analysis of the data shows, that using mixed groupings of plates in the unit allows one to obtain optimal solutions. The simulation of barometric mixing condenser recycled water cooling with plate heat exchanger shows the possibility of an application which minimizes the waste water pollution by closing the condenser cooling water circuit. Software was developed for calculations of units working both with liquid and phase changing streams. 相似文献
98.
Rodrigo Navia Olga Rubilar M Cristina Diez Karl-Heinz Schmidt Gerhard Behrendt Karl E Lorber 《Waste management & research》2007,25(2):119-129
The volcanic soils of southern Chile have demonstrated a high capacity to adsorb environmental pollutants, but for an industrial application, a stable solid material is necessary. The objective of this work was to produce a stable ceramic material through a process involving volcanic soil-polyurethane foam produced with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-polyols, and further thermal treatment. The selected foam formulation with 35.4% volcanic soil (< 63 microm) seems to be the most suitable for thermal treatment, with temperature steps at 700, 850, 1000 and 1200 degrees C. The porous ceramic material obtained has a stable solid form and an improved chlorophenols adsorption capacity (comparable to natural zeolites) that makes it suitable for advanced wastewater treatment and landfill leachate depuration. 相似文献
99.
Zhulidov DA Robarts RD Zhulidov AV Zhulidova OV Markelov DA Rusanov VA Headley JV 《Journal of environmental quality》2002,31(3):1038-1042
Samples of the slime mold Fuligo septica (L.) Wiggers were collected from an ecologically diverse selection of sites across the former USSR and in North Korea to determine their Zn concentrations. Plasmodia were collected from trees, rocks, soils, the walls of buildings and a variety of other materials and structures from 1990 to 1996. The biomass collected ranged from 305 to 968 mg, whereas Zn concentrations in plasmodia of F. septica ranged from 8400 to 23,000 mg kg(-1) dry wt. (mean and standard error = 14,200 +/- 860 mg kg(-1) dry wt.). No clear trend as to which areas produced F. septica with the highest Zn concentrations was discernable. Nor was it possible to identify any particular substrate on which F. septica grew that produced noticeably high Zn concentrations. For example, forest litter on which F. septica was found had Zn concentrations of only 25 to 130 mg kg(-1) dry wt. Our data confirm the only other study showing hyperaccumulation of Zn in F. septica, which was carried out in Finland. This ability seems to be unique to this species, but how or why it does this, or why such high Zn concentrations are not toxic to F. septica, are questions requiring future research. 相似文献
100.
Ruth-Balaganskaya E Kudrjavtseva O 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2002,117(2):287-293
Sulphur migration in the soil-plant system was studied in a field experiment carried out in the spruce-pine forest 70 km SE from the 'Severonickel' smelting plant on the Kola Peninsula. In the experiment, dry particle deposits collected from filters of smokestacks in different departments of 'Severonickel' were applied on the study plots and on gravity lysimeters in quantities simulating estimated actual annual emissions in the area within 2-5 km from the smelter. In the present paper, the effects of two types of deposits consisting mostly of water-soluble sulphates of copper and nickel are described ("Cu-contaminant": Cu-55%, Ni-3.8%, SO4-25%; "Ni-contaminant": Ni-20%, Cu-5%, SO4--65%). Soil, plant tissue and penetration water were analysed during 3 years after the treatment. Extractable sulphur distribution in the soil-plant system showed downward movement after 1 year and upward movement after 3 years. The trend was more pronounced in the site treated with Ni-contaminant. 相似文献