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Sylwia Wojas Sonia Plaza Oskar Siemianowski Anna Ruszczyńska Danuta M. Antosiewicz 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(10):2781-2789
Arabidopsis MRPs/ABCCs have been shown to remove various organic and inorganic substrates from the cytosol to other subcellular compartments. Here we first demonstrate that heterologous expression of AtMRP7 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi) modifies cadmium accumulation, distribution and tolerance. Arabidopsis MRP7 was localized both in the tonoplast and in the plasma membrane when expressed in tobacco. Its overexpression increased tobacco Cd-tolerance and resulted in enhanced cadmium concentration in leaf vacuoles, indicating more efficient detoxification by means of vacuolar storage. Heterologous AtMRP7 expression also led to more efficient retention of Cd in roots, suggesting a contribution to the control of cadmium root-to-shoot translocation. The results underscore the use of AtMRP7 in plant genetic engineering to modify the heavy-metal accumulation pattern for a broad range of applications. 相似文献
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Snežana B. Vučetić Ognjen Lj. Rudić Siniša L. Markov Oskar J. Bera Ana M. Vidaković Andrijana S. Sever Skapin Jonjaua G. Ranogajec 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11228-11237
The work studies the photocatalytic activity and the antifungal efficiency of the TiO2/Zn-Al coatings placed on the target commercial façade paints. The photocatalytic active nanocomposite based on TiO2 and Zn-Al-layered double hydroxides (ZnAl-LDHs) was synthesized by a wet impregnation technique with 3 % w/w TiO2. The freshly prepared suspension was applied by spray technique on the surfaces of the white façade paints. The goal of the work was to develop a method that quickly quantifies the antifungal activity of the commercial façade paints with and without biocidal components covered with a photocatalytic coating. The essence of the proposed method is the monitoring of the fungal growth (artificial ageing conditions) and the quantification of its development (UV-A 0.13 mWcm?2) on the façade paint surfaces. A special fungus nutrient (potato dextrose agar (PDA)) was inoculated with the spores of the Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275, and the test samples (façade paints with and without photocatalytic coating) were placed on the inoculated nutrient in the petri dishes. The images of the fungal growth on the samples of the facade paints, during a period of 5 days, were imported into Matlab R2012a where they were converted to binary images (BW), based on the adequate threshold. The percentage of the surface coverage was calculated by applying the specifically written program code which determines the ratio of the black and white pixels. The black pixels correspond to the surface covered with hyphae and mycelia of the fungus. 相似文献
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Shakil Visram Ming-Che Yang Ruby Moothien Pillay Sadri Said Oskar Henriksson Mats Grahn Chaolun Allen Chen 《Marine Biology》2010,157(7):1475-1487
Studies on genetic connectivity are essential for the design of management strategies for coral reef fisheries. In this study
we used a mitochondrial DNA marker to investigate population structure of the reef-associated parrotfish, Scarus ghobban, from four countries, Kenya, Mauritius, Seychelles and Tanzania, in the western Indian Ocean. We obtained nucleotide sequences
of the mitochondrial control region for 117 individuals. Measures of haplotype diversity were relatively high. Pairwise population
differentiation (F
ST) was low, but not always non-significant. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed genetic differentiation between groups,
when the data was partitioned into two groups consisting of samples from Mauritius and Tanzania in one group, and samples
from Kenya and Seychelles in another group. Direction of gene flow was estimated using a Bayesian approach. Migration was
sometimes asymmetric or directional, coinciding with the flow of major oceanic and coastal currents in the region. Mismatch
distributions, based on the observed number of differences among haplotype pairs, produced a unimodal distribution, indicative
of recent demographic expansion. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three clades without any geographic structure, suggesting
recent migration between historically isolated lineages. We reconstructed the historical demography of S. ghobban and examined it in the context of Pleistocene climate stages and changes in relative sea level. Overall, these results showed
that populations of S. ghobban are genetically diverse and have relatively high gene flow, with some genetic structuring in the western Indian Ocean. 相似文献