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801.
This study qualifies and quantifies the immobilization of Cd, Zn and Co, (used as models of bivalent metal ions due to their relevant toxicity) in filters of synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) [Ca5(PO4)3OH]. They were flushed with solutions containing Cd (1 x 10(-5)M), Zn and Co (1 x 10(-4)M) at constant pH (8.6) and ionic strength (0.01 M). The concentration of these metal ions in the outlet was measured by ICP-OEM spectroscopy. The software PHREEQC (version 2.4.2) was used to model sorption process and the potential effect of salinity (KCl), pH, alkalinity (NaHCO3) and hardness (CaCl2) over the efficiency of the treatment. Results showed an excellent retention capacity of HAP for Cd, Zn and Co. Sorption data were successfully described considering a mix model of surface complexation onto phosphate surface groups, ionic exchange in surface calcium sites and the precipitation of ZnO. Co exchange and surface complexation constants (Kex and Kc) were taken from previous experiments, while KexCd=0.32 and KcCd=0.63 were estimated from our modeling results. Predictive values of metal ion sorption show that: (a) an increase in hardness does not play a significant role in the retention capacity of these metals on HAP; (b) an increase in alkalinity promotes the precipitation of MeCO3 which could alter the hydrodynamic of the column; (c) a decrease in pH and an increase in salinity inhibit ZnO precipitation enhancing Zn and Cd adsorption and decreasing Co retention on HAP. 相似文献
802.
Comparative acute toxicity of organic pollutants and reference values for crustaceans. I. Branchiopoda, Copepoda and Ostracoda 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sánchez-Bayo F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,139(3):385-420
The acute toxicity of 468 organic pollutants to planktonic crustaceans (Branchiopoda, Copepoda and Ostracoda) from pre-existing data was compared by means of statistical analysis and relative tolerance indices (Trel). A surrogate species commonly used in toxicity bioassays (Daphnia magna) showed toxicity levels--within one order of magnitude--similar to all other Cladocera species, at least for 82% of the chemicals studied. All neurotoxic insecticides except neonicotinoids, PCBs, organometallic compounds and PAHs are the most toxic substances to these organisms. Sensitivity levels among taxa were compared for individual chemicals as well as groups of chemicals with similar characteristics. Whilst there are marked differences in sensitivity among taxa and particular groups of chemicals, no consistent trends were found for freshwater and saltwater species in relation to the latter groups. No correlation between LC50 and size of these organisms was found other than by chance, making extrapolations based on allometric equations impossible. 相似文献
803.
Pedro Mayor Hani R. El Bizri Thais Q. Morcatty Kelly Moya Nora Bendayán Samantha Solis Carlos F. A. Vasconcelos Neto Maire Kirkland Omar Arevalo Tula G. Fang Pedro E. Pérez-Peña Richard E. Bodmer 《Conservation biology》2022,36(2):e13801
The trade in wild meat is an important economic component of rural people's livelihoods, but it has been perceived to be among the main causes of the decline of wildlife species. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light an additional concern of wildlife markets as a major human-health challenge. We analyzed data from the largest longitudinal monitoring (1973–2018) of the most important urban wild-meat markets in Iquitos, Peru, to examine the trends in and impacts of these markets on people's livelihoods. Over the last 45 years, wild meat sales increased at a rate of 6.4 t/year (SD 2.17), paralleling urban population growth. Wild meat sales were highest in 2018 (442 t), contributing US$2.6 million (0.76%) to the regional gross domestic product. Five species of ungulates and rodents accounted for 88.5% of the amount of biomass traded. Vulnerable and Endangered species represented 7.0% and 0.4% of individuals sold, respectively. Despite growth in sales, the contribution of wild meat to overall urban diet was constant: 1–2%/year of total meat consumed. This result was due to greater availability and higher consumption of cheaper meats (e.g., in 2018, poultry was 45.8% cheaper and was the most consumed meat) coupled with the lack of economic incentives to harvest wild meat species in rural areas. Most wild meat was sold salted or smoked, reducing the likelihood of foodborne diseases. Community-based wildlife management plans and the continued trade bans on primates and threatened taxa may avoid biodiversity loss. Considering the recent COVID-19 pandemic, future management plans should include potential viral hosts and regulation and enforcement of hygiene practices in wild-meat markets. 相似文献
804.
Construction and demolition waste as recycled aggregate for environmentally friendly concrete paving
Contreras Llanes Manuel Romero Pérez Maximina Gázquez González Manuel Jesús Bolívar Raya Juan Pedro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(7):9826-9840
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste (CDW) instead of natural aggregates (NA) were analysed in the manufacture of new... 相似文献
805.
Pablo V. Prieto Jacob J. Bukoski Felipe S. M. Barros Hawthorne L. Beyer Alvaro Iribarrem Pedro H. S. Brancalion Robin L. Chazdon David B. Lindenmayer Bernardo B. N. Strassburg Manuel R. Guariguata Renato Crouzeilles 《Conservation biology》2022,36(3):e13842
Natural forest regrowth is a cost-effective, nature-based solution for biodiversity recovery, yet different socioenvironmental factors can lead to variable outcomes. A critical knowledge gap in forest restoration planning is how to predict where natural forest regrowth is likely to lead to high levels of biodiversity recovery, which is an indicator of conservation value and the potential provisioning of diverse ecosystem services. We sought to predict and map landscape-scale recovery of species richness and total abundance of vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants in tropical and subtropical second-growth forests to inform spatial restoration planning. First, we conducted a global meta-analysis to quantify the extent to which recovery of species richness and total abundance in second-growth forests deviated from biodiversity values in reference old-growth forests in the same landscape. Second, we employed a machine-learning algorithm and a comprehensive set of socioenvironmental factors to spatially predict landscape-scale deviation and map it. Models explained on average 34% of observed variance in recovery (range 9–51%). Landscape-scale biodiversity recovery in second-growth forests was spatially predicted based on socioenvironmental landscape factors (human demography, land use and cover, anthropogenic and natural disturbance, ecosystem productivity, and topography and soil chemistry); was significantly higher for species richness than for total abundance for vertebrates (median range-adjusted predicted deviation 0.09 vs. 0.34) and invertebrates (0.2 vs. 0.35) but not for plants (which showed a similar recovery for both metrics [0.24 vs. 0.25]); and was positively correlated for total abundance of plant and vertebrate species (Pearson r = 0.45, p = 0.001). Our approach can help identify tropical and subtropical forest landscapes with high potential for biodiversity recovery through natural forest regrowth. 相似文献
806.
807.
Castellanos Reynel M. Presumido Pedro H. Dezotti Márcia Vilar Vítor J.P. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42157-42167
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work highlights the performance of an ultrafiltration ceramic membrane as photocatalyst support and oxidant-catalyst/water contactor to promote... 相似文献
808.
Carvalho Barros Giselle Kalline Gomes Duarte Lindemberg Jesus Nogueira Melo Ricardo Paulo Fonseca Lopes Francisco Wendell Bezerra Barros Neto Eduardo Lins 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(6):2534-2546
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The environmental impacts caused by dyes in industrial wastewater are incalculable, due to their adverse effects on the ecosystem and human life,... 相似文献
809.
Peñas Francisco J. Romo Ana Isasi José R. 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(3):1189-1198
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - A cyclodextrin-based polymer was prepared by crosslinking β-cyclodextrin with epichlorohydrin to be assessed as a sorbent material for cresols in... 相似文献
810.
Roldán-Alzate Luis Miguel Zuluaga Francisco 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2022,29(4):801-825
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - Identification of critical episodes of environmental pollution, both as a outlier identification problem and as a classification problem, is a usual... 相似文献