中国与欧盟的航空安全信息分类法比较

为探讨中国和欧盟政府间进行航空安全信息交换的可行性,从中国和欧盟各自航空安全信息系统的信息结构和报告内容出发,对中国和欧盟的航空安全信息分类法进行比较。结果表明,两个分类法的信息结构是相同的,不同之处在于主题差异、部分差异和属性差异。笔者认为,虽然存在3种差异,但两个分类法都是基于国际民航组织航空安全信息分类法设计的,信息报告内容具有很大的相似性,因此,从信息内容上看,中欧进行航空安全信息交换是可行的。同时,对如何改进我国航空安全信息分类法提出了建议。     

油田钻井废水深度处理技术

采用化学混凝-铁炭微电解-电渗析技术对钻井废水进行了深度处理实验。实验结果表明：废水pH和反应时间是影响铁炭微电解处理效果的重要因素,当废水pH为1．5,反应时间为120min时,COD去除率为50％;在电渗析除Clˉ过程中,采取直流方式出水时,在进水流量为20L／h、操作电压为30V、运行时间为15min的条件下,Clˉ去除率可达75％;而采取循环方式出水时,运行时间是影响电渗析除Clˉ效果的主要因素,当运行时间大于等于60min时,出水中Clˉ的质量浓度低于350mg/L,达到DB51／190-1993（四川省污水排放标准》中的三级排放标准。     

废溶剂油中二甲苯与醋酸丁酯的回收

以水作为共沸剂,采用间歇萃取精馏法从工业废溶剂油中回收二甲苯和醋酸丁酯,对预处理后的原料进行了萃取精馏。考察了油水比、分离温度、时间等操作参数对分离过程的影响。实验结果表明,在最佳的工艺条件下（回流比为5,V（油）：V（水）=1．5：1）,二甲苯和醋酸丁酯在馏出液中的质量分数均达到99％以上,二甲苯的回收率为84．14％以上,醋酸丁酯的回收率为99．43％。     

Methane and carbon dioxide emission from two pig finishing barns

Agricultural activities are an important source of greenhouse gases. However, comprehensive, long-term, and high-quality measurement data of these gases are lacking. This article presents a field study of CH(4) and CO(2) emission from two 1100-head mechanically ventilated pig (Sus scrofa) finishing barns (B1 and B2) with shallow manure flushing systems and propane space heaters from August 2002 to July 2003 in northern Missouri. Barn 2 was treated with soybean oil sprinkling, misting essential oils, and misting essential oils with water to reduce air pollutant emissions. Only days with CDFB (complete-data-full-barn), defined as >80% of valid data during a day with >80% pigs in the barns, were used. The CH(4) average daily mean (ADM) emission rates were 36.2 +/- 2.0 g/d AU (ADM +/- 95% confidence interval; animal unit = 500 kg live mass) from B1 (CDFB days = 134) and 28.8 +/- 1.8 g/d AU from B2 (CDFB days = 131). The CO(2) ADM emission rates were 17.5 +/- 0.8 kg/d AU from B1 (CDFB days = 146) and 14.2 +/- 0.6 kg/d AU from B2 (CDFB days = 137). The treated barn reduced CH(4) emission by 20% (P < 0.01) and CO(2) emission by 19% (P < 0.01). The CH(4) and CO(2) released from the flushing lagoon effluent were equivalent to 9.8 and 4.1% of the CDFB CH(4) and CO(2) emissions, respectively. The emission data were compared with the literature, and the characteristics of CH(4) and CO(2) concentrations and emissions were discussed.     

山东半岛城市群城市就业结构变动特征分析

通过对山东半岛城市群就业结构的分析,揭示出山东省城市就业结构的一般规律。从对城市群各城市的分析来看,第一产业的就业人员占据较大比重,城市化水平较低。第二产业的从业人员比重较稳定,第三产业的就业比重总体上升,但其中的传统性行业的就业比重趋于下降而新兴行业比重提高。     

水泥项目环境影响评价需注意的几个要点问题

新型干法水泥项目的环境影响评价必须正确把握建设项目是否符合国家的产业政策,考虑项目的选址选线是否合理,对项目的产污环节进行全面分析,选取准确的预测模式和方法对项目的环境影响进行预测,提出可靠的污染防治对策,采取措施保证公众参与的有效性。本文根据水泥项目的行业特点,结合笔者从事该类项目环境影响评价工作的实践,对上述问题进行了比较系统的分析和讨论。     

Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in plant, shellfish and sediment samples from Laizhou Bay in China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are potentially harmful and persistent environmental pollutants. PBDEs concentrations are reported in plant, shellfish and sediment samples collected from Chinese Laizhou Bay. The summation operator(11)PBDE concentrations in plant and shellfish samples from Laizhou Bay were in the range of 70-5900ngg(-1) and 230-720ngg(-1) lipid, respectively. The summation operator(11)PBDEs concentrations in river sediment intervals samples ranged from 1.3 to 1800ng g(-1) dry weight. Pearson correlation analyses were performed on concentrations of PBDEs congeners of different sediment sample intervals. There were significant positive correlations for BDE 28 and BDE 100 (r=0.945, p<0.01), BDE 47 and BDE 99 (r=0.879, p<0.01), BDE 153 and BDE 154 (r=0.934, p<0.01), nona-BDEs and BDE 209 (r>0.934, p<0.01). BDE 209 was the predominant congener in all analyzed samples, consistent with the fact that deca-BDE technical mixtures are the dominant PBDEs product in Laizhou Bay. Data showed that PBDEs should be considered as an increasing pollution problem in the Laizhou Bay region.