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791.
792.
Francis Pooler Jr. 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):677-681
The planning and conduct of series of tracer experiments carried out in St. Louis in the period between 1963 and 1965 is described. Tentative results indicate that horizontal dispersion over an urban area does not differ greatly from that observed over open country, except for a much greater initial spreading of the tracer plume. Vertical dispersion during the daytime does not appear to differ greatly from that observed over open country, and can be best expressed in terms of travel time rather than travel distance. Vertical dispersion during the evening over an urban area is much greater than that observed over open country; the limited results obtained suggest the formation of a slightly unstable layer as the air flows over the city. 相似文献
793.
Phytoremediation has received attention recently, due to promising field test results that indicate potential cost savings when compared with conventional treatments. The various plant-based technologies that comprise the category phytoremediation have some similarities, many differences, and different possible applications. Each application will be site specific and must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis by a regulator. A treatment remedy must be “protective of human health and the environment, maintain protection over time, and minimize untreated waste” (40 CFR 300.430). The regulator's view of phytoremediation is the same as for any proposed remediation technology and asks the basic questions, “Why do you think this technology will decrease risk to human health and the environment, and how will you show that it works?” This article reviews issues related to acceptance of the technology and discusses some of the regulations that may be applicable to phytoremediation. 相似文献
794.
Ursula Stephan Ute Strobel Philip Weller Jasmine Bachmann Renate Klaß 《Environmental Sciences Europe》1999,11(6):313-320
10 years ago, the WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) began to support the work of environmental protection in the countries of Eastern Europe. A main topic is the Danube-Carpathian Program. With the beginning of the bombardements, connected with great amounts of chemicals released directly and as clouds from the fires and explosions, the question raises: What are the consequences for mankind and nature? Is there a risk for the Danube-Carpathian Program? The WWF feels responsible for reporting about these consequences. In July 1999, a group of two Oil Experts and two scientists (each a chemist and a toxicologist) visited Belgrad, Pan?evo and Novi Sad, took samples of soil and water, and estimated the contents of dangerous substances. The first findings and the first consequences for nature and human health are described. 相似文献
795.
Makino Ryohei Yamazaki Yasuko Nagao Konomu Apego Francis Victor Mekata Hirohisa Yamazaki Wataru 《Food and environmental virology》2020,12(2):167-173
Food and Environmental Virology - Highly sensitive detection of pathogens is effective for screening meat during quarantine inspection and export. The “micro-amount of virion enrichment... 相似文献
796.
797.
Jason Chibuk Jill Rafalko Theresa Boomer Ron McCullough Graham McLennan Philip Wyatt Eyad Almasri 《黑龙江环境通报》2020,40(10):1321-1329
Objective
Outcome data from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening in twin gestations are limited. This study adds an appreciable number of confirmed outcomes to the literature, and assesses performance of cfDNA screening in twins over a 4.5-year period at one large clinical laboratory.Method
Prenatal cytogenetic and SNP microarray results were cross-referenced with cfDNA results for twin pregnancies, yielding 422 matched cases. Using diagnostic results as truth, performance of cfDNA screening in this population was assessed.Results
Of the 422 twin pregnancies with both cfDNA and diagnostic results, 3 specimens failed amniocyte analysis, and 48 samples (11.5%) were nonreportable from the initial cfDNA draw. Analysis of the 371 reportable samples demonstrated a collective sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 93.2% for trisomies 21/18/13. Positive predictive values (PPVs) in this study population, which is enriched for aneuploidy, were 78.7%, 84.6%, and 66.7% for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, respectively.Conclusion
CfDNA screening in a cohort of twin pregnancies with matched diagnostic results showed superior performance compared to traditional serum biochemical screening in twins. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that cfDNA is an accurate and reliable screening tool for the major trisomies in twin pregnancies.798.
Jan Deprest Marie-Paule Emonds Jute Richter Philip DeKoninck Tim Van Mieghem Dominique Van Schoubroeck Roland Devlieger Luc De Catte Liesbeth Lewi 《黑龙江环境通报》2011,31(7):661-666
With the increased use of invasive fetal procedures, the number of women facing post-procedure membrane rupture is increasing. Here we review the use of platelets and fresh frozen plasma for sealing iatrogenic fetal membrane defects by describing the mechanisms of action of the amniopatch procedure as well as published experience. In cases of iatrogenic preterm pre-labour rupture of the membranes, amniopatch effectively seals the fetal membranes in over two-thirds of cases. There is a risk of 16% of in utero fetal death, which may occur at varying intervals from the procedure and often for unknown reasons. Amniopatch has also been used as a treatment of chorionic membrane separation. In summary, current experience suggests that in cases of early onset but persistent amniotic fluid leakage following an invasive fetal procedure, amniopatch is an option. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
799.
Philip K. Pollett 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(5):545-553
We study Markovian models for population processes in continuous time, addressing questions concerning the behaviour of ensembles
of individuals (equilibrium, quasi-equilibrium and time-dependent behaviour) and, in particular, what can be deduced from
models for individual behaviour. 相似文献
800.
Involving local farmers in rehabilitation of degraded tropical forests: some lessons from Ghana 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dominic Blay Mark Appiah Lawrence Damnyag Francis K. Dwomoh Olavi Luukkanen Ari Pappinen 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(4):503-518
The role of community-based plantation development in forest rehabilitation and poverty alleviation is a pressing issue for
the government of Ghana. In this paper, we present an analysis of the prospects of a community-based plantation using taungya
systems and indigenous trees as means to forest rehabilitation and livelihood improvement in Ghana. The project management
strategies, communication process and incentive mechanism and their impact on local participation are discussed with the aim
to recommending a mechanism through which local farmers can best be involved in rehabilitation of degraded sites in the future
in Ghana. Data were collected through a survey using personal interviews of 431 farming households and ten key informants
from ten communities living in scattered hamlets in and around forests reserves. The results show a high rate of local participation
in project tree planting activities. Four years after the project’s initiation, about 250 ha of plantations had been established
using twelve priority indigenous and one exotic species and farmers had indicated improvement in their farming practices and
availability of food and forest products. Restoring forest quality as a timber resource and associated values, getting money,
food stuff and timber and non-timber for domestic use, and having access to fertile land for farming were the top three issues
prioritised by respondents as motivational factors for engaging in the project activities. Overall, this project demonstrates
that reversing tropical forest degradation is possible. For this we need local involvement in tree domestication combined
with activities that addresses livelihood needs and environmental concerns. This case also demonstrates the prospects of utilising
indigenous tree species, not only exotic species that dominated tree planting in the past, for plantations and landscape rehabilitation
in Ghana.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献