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341.
Water Access, Water Scarcity, and Climate Change 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pierre Mukheibir 《Environmental management》2010,45(5):1027-1039
This article investigates the approaches of the various discourses operating in the water sector and how they address the
issues of scarcity and equitable access under projected climate change impacts. Little synergy exists between the different
approaches dealing with these issues. Whilst being a sustainable development and water resources management issue, a holistic
view of access, scarcity and the projected impacts of climate change is not prevalent in these discourses. The climate change
discourse too does not adequately bridge the gap between these issues. The projected impacts of climate change are likely
to exacerbate the problems of scarcity and equitable access unless appropriate adaptation strategies are adopted and resilience
is built. The successful delivery of accessible water services under projected climate change impacts therefore lies with
an extension of the adaptive water management approach to include equitable access as a key driver. 相似文献
342.
Kanzari F Syakti AD Asia L Malleret L Mille G Jamoussi B Abderrabba M Doumenq P 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(2):559-576
Introduction
The Arc River and Berre lagoon are one of important river basin hydrosystem in the South of France that receives industrial and municipal wastewaters from the adjacent area. 相似文献343.
Sicard P Dalstein-Richier L Vas N 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):351-362
In the South-Eastern French Mediterranean region, high ozone concentrations were measured since many years and specific symptoms like chlorotic mottles were detected on Arolla pines. We presented results for the 2000-2008 period concerning the trend analysis for ambient ozone concentrations and related forest damages, with the Mann and seasonal Kendall tests. Ozone precursor’s emissions from Europe have been reduced over the last 20 years. Decreases in annual averages, median, 25th and 98th percentiles and maxima values were found. The seasonal trend analysis for the high-lying stations showed a decreasing trend for the warm season, when main ozone production is the photochemistry, and an increase for the cold period, caused by a reduced ozone titration. Statistics on Arolla Pine reveal strong correlations between mottling intensity and the high ozone concentrations. Finally, decreases for the ozone concentrations, and associated statistics, AOT40 values and for the mottling intensity on conifers needles were observed. 相似文献
344.
Organochlorine pollution in tropical rivers (Guadeloupe): role of ecological factors in food web bioaccumulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Coat S Monti D Legendre P Bouchon C Massat F Lepoint G 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(6):1692-1701
Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and carbon were measured in a tropical freshwater ecosystem to evaluate the contamination level of biota and examine the bioaccumulation patterns of pollutants through the food web. Chemical analyses showed a general and heavy contamination of the entire food web. They revealed the strong accumulation of pollutants by juveniles of diadromous fishes and shrimps, as they re-enter the river. The role of ecological factors in the bioaccumulation of pesticides was evaluated. Whereas the most persistent pollutants (chlordecone and monohydro-chlordecone) were related to the organisms diet and habitat, bioaccumulation of β-HCH was only influenced by animal lipid content. The biomagnification potential of chlordecone through the food chain has been demonstrated. It highlighted the importance of trophic transfer in this compound bioaccumulation process. In contrast, bioconcentration by passive diffusion from water seemed to be the main exposure route of biota to β-HCH. 相似文献
345.
Vitte I Duran R Jézéquel R Caumette P Cravo-Laureau C 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(6):1022-1032
Purpose
We studied the effect of alternations of aeration on both the autochthonous bacterial communities from an oily sludge to the endogenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) biodegradation compared to a permanent oxic condition. 相似文献346.
The biogeochemical dynamics of 15 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were investigated in a heavily urbanised river (River Seine, Paris, France). The target compounds included C4-C10 sulfonates and C5-C14 acids; eleven PFCs were detected and ∑PFCs ranged between 31 and 91 ng L−1 (median: 47 ng L−1). The molecular pattern was dominated by the perfluoroalkyl sulfonates PFHxS and PFOS (>54% of ∑PFCs), which were the only PFCs quantified in both the dissolved and particulate phases. For these PFCs, the sorbed fraction positively correlated with suspended sediment levels. Total PFC levels negatively correlated with river flow rate, which varied between 150 and 640 m3 s−1. This suggests the predominance of point sources (likely WWTP effluent discharge), but a contribution of non-point sources such as combined sewer overflow could not be excluded. The annual PFC mass flow was estimated at 500 kg, which is less than observed for other large European rivers. 相似文献
347.
Marc-Andre Berube Diane Schorr Richard J. Ball Veronic Landry Pierre Blanchet 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(3):970-979
The development of wood treatments is of increasing industrial importance. A novel technique for improving the properties of lodgepole pine and white pine through modification of the microstructure is described. The present investigation is devoted to the synthesis and determination of in situ parameters of citric acid and glycerol based polymers for wood impregnation. This solvent free approach is environmentally friendly and achieved through an esterification condensation reaction under acidic conditions. Crude glycerol and citric acid reactants were cross-linked via a curing process at 160?°C creating a polymer with only water as the byproduct. The ester bonds and crosslinking levels were controlled using different catalysts and citric acid contents and related to the reaction time and temperature. The nature of bonding within the polymers and at the wood cell walls was determined by FT-IR analysis. The thermal properties such as glass transition temperature (Tg) were studied using TGA/DSC and the effect of citric acid content and catalyst type determined. Dimensional stability of impregnated wood samples improved above 50% for each sample with HCl and p-TSA catalysts compared to control samples. FTIR spectra were studied to show the presence of the ester linkages of the polymer in situ at the wood cell walls. Bonding between the polymer and wood macromolecules were observed by scanning electron microscopy and interpreted as evidence of chemical bonds at the wood cells. When prepared using a catalyst, the polymer was intimately incorporated into wood structure significantly improving the substrate dimensional stability. Enhanced stability makes this approach of particular interest for exterior wood products especially as a green renewable option for the wood industry. 相似文献
348.
Habran Sarah Crespin Pierre Veschkens Mathieu Remy Suzanne 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(6):5681-5692
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In response to the Walloon Environment and Health Program, the Scientific Institute of Public Services (ISSeP) developed an integrated approach of... 相似文献
349.
Irina Gaus Pascal Audigane Laurent Andr Julie Lions Nicolas Jacquemet Pierre Durst Isabelle Czernichowski-Lauriol Mohamed Azaroual 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2008,2(4):605
Geochemistry plays an important role when assessing the impact of CO2 storage. Due to the potential corrosive character of CO2, it might affect the chemical and physical properties of the wells, the reservoir and its surroundings and increase the environmental and financial risk of CO2 storage projects in deep geological structures. An overview of geochemical and solute transport modelling for CO2 storage purposes is given, its data requirements and gaps are highlighted, and its progress over the last 10 years is discussed. Four different application domains are identified: long-term integrity modelling, injectivity modelling, well integrity modelling and experimental modelling and their current state of the art is discussed. One of the major gaps remaining is the lack of basic thermodynamical and kinetic data at relevant temperature and pressure conditions for each of these four application domains. Real challenges are the coupled solute transport and geomechanical modelling, the modelling of impurities in the CO2 stream and pore-scale modelling applications. 相似文献
350.
Evaluation of a low-cost adsorbent for removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater of an electroplating factory 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Francisco W. Sousa Marcelo James Sousa Isadora R.N. Oliveira Andr G. Oliveira Rivelino M. Cavalcante Pierre B.A. Fechine Vicente O.S. Neto Denis de Keukeleire Ronaldo F. Nascimento 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(11):3340-3344
In this study, sugar cane residue or bagasse was used for removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater of an electroplating factory located in northeast Brazil. Prior acid treatment increased the adsorption efficacies in batch wise experiments. The microstructure of the material before and after the treatment was investigated by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Column operations showed that removals of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from wastewater (in the absence of cyanide) were 95.5%, 96.3.0%, and 97.1%, respectively. Regeneration of the adsorbent obtained in acid indicated that the efficiencies decreased only after the fourth cycle of re-use. Acid-treated sugar cane bagasse can be considered a viable alternative to common methods to remove toxic metal ions from aqueous effluents of electroplating industries. 相似文献