磷石膏基充填料浆长距离管道输送特性研究

针对磷石膏基充填料浆在管道输送中易磨损等问题,测定了料浆的理化参数,确定了料浆流变模型,运用FLUENT软件对料浆的管道输送过程进行数值模拟,探究料浆输送过程中的压力、流速、剪切应力的分布规律,计算沿程阻力损失,并通过料浆在L型管道中的输送试验对数值模拟结果进行验证。结果表明:数值模拟结果与试验结果相差10%左右,说明利用数值模拟方法可以为矿山充填管路的设计提供依据。     

Comparison of using polyurethane foam passive samplers and tree bark samples from Western China to determine atmospheric organochlorine pesticide

Polyurethane foam(PUF)passive samplers were deployed and tree bark samples were collected at 15 sites across western China in 2013,and the organochlorine pesticide(OCP)concentrations in the samples were determined.Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its degradation products(collectively called DDTs),hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs),and hexachlorobenzene(HCB)were the dominant OCPs in the PUF samples and tree bark samples.The mean DDTs,HCHs and HCB concentrations were 33,22 and 18 ng/sample in the PUF samples,and 428,74,and 43 ng/(g lipid weight(lw))in the tree bark,respectively.The OCP concentrations in the air,calculated using PUF–air and tree-bark–air partitioning models,were of the same order of magnitude.Both sample types showed that relatively fresh inputs of DDT and HCHs to the environment have occurred in western China.Meanwhile,PUF passive samplers were compared with the use of tree bark samples as passive samplers.The OCP compositions in the PUF and tree bark samples were different.Only the relatively stable OCPs(such as HCB,β-HCH and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloro-ethylene(DDE))were consistent in the PUF and tree bark samples.     

In vitro evaluation of inorganic and methyl mercury mediated cytotoxic effect on neural cells derived from different animal species

To extend the current understanding of the mercury-mediated cytotoxic effect,five neural cell lines established from different animal species were comparatively analyzed using three different endpoint bioassays:thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay(MTT),neutral red uptake assay(NRU),and Coomassie blue assay(CB).Following a 24-hr exposure to selected concentrations of mercury chloride(HgCl_2) and methylmercury(Ⅱ) chloride(MeHgCl),the cytotoxic effect on test cells was characterized by comparing their 50%inhibition concentration(IC_(50)) values.Experimental results indicated that both these forms of mercury were toxic to all the neural cells,but at very different degrees.The IC_(50)values of MeHgCl among these cell lines ranged from 1.15±0.22 to 10.31 ± 0.70 μmol/L while the IC_(50) values for HgCl_2 were much higher,ranging from 6.44 ± 0.36 to 160.97±19.63 μmol/L,indicating the more toxic nature of MeHgCl.The IC_(50) ratio between HgCl_2and MeHgCl ranged from 1.75 to 96.0,which confirms that organic mercury is much more toxic to these neural cells than inorganic mercury.Among these cell lines,HGST-BR and TriG44 derived from marine sea turtles showed a significantly high tolerance to HgCl_2 as compared to the three mammalian neural cells.Among these neural cells,SK-N-SH represented the most sensitive cells to both chemical forms of mercury.     

江苏沿海台风浪数值模拟

构建CCMP再分析风场与Holland经验台风风场的叠加风场作为海浪的驱动风场,建立SWAN自嵌套模型对影响江苏沿海的典型台风"梅花"引起的台风浪过程进行模拟。在得出风场叠加方式的基础上,设计3种订正系数方案及3种权重系数方案共9种风场构建方案,分别对东中国海进行台风浪模拟并结合Jason-1卫星高度计观测的有效波高数据进行比较分析,实验结果显示各方案有效波高的相对误差最大可相差3%。选取最佳方案的模拟结果为嵌套区域提供波谱边界条件,对嵌套区域的模拟结果表明:模拟值与浮标实测资料吻合较好;台风经过江苏沿海期间,近岸海域最大波高可达5~6 m,中北部海域波浪以涌浪为主,而南部海域则以风浪为主。     

铬污染土壤的导电性、频谱激电性和介电特性的实验结果

研究了铬污染土壤的导电性、激电性和介电性,给出了在不同含水率、不同浓度铬盐污染物的情况下,铬污染土壤样品的电阻率、复电阻率和复介电常数与污染物浓度及含水率变化关系的一些实验观测结果.土样中的观测结果表明,所有污染样品的电阻率、复电阻率幅值均随污染浓度和含水率的增加而减小;但对反映土壤样品容性的复电阻率相位参数而言,则有...     

基于虚拟水的江苏省2009年水足迹分析

水足迹是基于消费基础的水资源利用情况的指示器,通过虚拟水贸易获得最大利益是水足迹分析方法的重要发展方向。在基于虚拟水计算方法的基础上对江苏省2009年水足迹进行了计算和评价,结果表明：2009年江苏省水足迹为866．75×10^8m^3,人均水足迹为1829m^3／人·年,水匮乏度为217％,水资源消费自给率为86．33％,较高的水资源自给率和水足迹给江苏省生态环境造成了巨大压力。实施虚拟水战略、改变消费模式、提高水资源利用率,已经成为缓解江苏省水资源短缺现状,实现水资源可持续利用的有效途径。     

溴氯海因的爆炸性、氧化性及腐蚀性试验观察

为了解溴氯海因的爆炸、氧化及腐蚀危险性,进行了克南试验、时间/压力试验、固体氧化性试验及腐蚀性试验。结果表明,溴氯海因只具有氧化性和腐蚀性,不具有爆炸性。     

S-Zorb装置的事故失效模式及事故后果模拟分析

对S-Zorb装置各单元在运行过程中可能发生的事故模式进行了分析和归纳。针对其中3种典型的事故形态,运用DNV PHAST后果模拟分析软件进行了事故后果模拟和定量计算,结合装置周边人员及设施分布情况,分析事故可能造成的人员伤亡和设备建筑破坏情况。基于事故模式及事故后果模拟结果,提出了安全对策。     

浙江省“十二五”大气污染物排放增量不确定因素及对策研究

在"十二五"发展过程中,基于经济社会发展规划目标测算的污染物排放增量存在诸多不确定性,极有可能突破预期值,因此在满足社会经济发展规划基础上提出的减排目标可达性也存在一定风险。为确保浙江省"十二五"大气污染物减排目标顺利完成,从GDP、能源消费、机动车保有量等方面分析了可能影响浙江省"十二五"大气污染物排放增量的不确定因素,并从提高经济发展质量、实施煤炭总量控制、试行机动车总量控制、推进排污权有偿使用和交易等方面提出针对性控制对策。     

浅谈煤矿行业利用煤层气发电的节能减排效果

介绍了煤层气的基本概念,及其由于爆炸在煤矿行业所造成的危害.结合某煤矿利用煤层气发电的实例,总结了煤层气发电可以降低各种污染物排放,实现经济、安全、环保“三效合一”,节能减排效果明显.