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171.
Rohit Shrivastav Sanjay Kumar Mathur Shobhit Shrivastav M. M. Shrivastav Sahab Das Satya Prakash 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1996,40(3):271-278
Peat, ice deposits and aquatic sediments, which have been used as a geochemical monitor of atmospheric heavy metal pollution until now, are open and dynamic systems and can be easily affected by climatic variations. In contrast, bricks, which are more compact, can act as a better geochemical monitor. Analysis of Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn in scores of soil and brick (baked/unbaked) samples, collected from a large area in and around a rapidly growing Indian city, Agra, reveals approximately similar concentrations in soils and bricks, thereby showing insignificant fractionation of these metals during brick making. Further, metals concentration in the core of bricks remains unaffected by any significant amount of acidic and alkaline rain. Thus, the feasibility of a novel role of bricks as a geochemical monitor of atmospheric heavy metal pollution has been tested. Utilizing this concept, an attempt has also been made to trace the history of atmospheric copper depositions in the soils of Agra during the last 100 years. 相似文献
172.
Biomonitoring of toxic metals in the water resources used by indigenous tribal communities in Koraput district, Orissa, India was carried out under the National Technology Mission Project. Most of the water bodies catering for the day-to-day needs of the local inhabitants were found to contain high concentrations of Fe and Mn in addition to Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu. The water bodies supported by a great number of phytodiversity and the plants growing therein accumulated significantly high amounts of these toxic metals, submerged plants being more efficient than floating ones. The species like Chara corallina and Spirogyra spp. showed significant potential to magnify Cd and Pb in their tissue several times more than the concentrations in surrounding water. The levels of metals in the plants occurring at places where the metal content is very high could be used for indicating the status of water.NBRI Research Publication No. (437) NS. 相似文献
173.
Kumar Peeyush Mishra Sapna Kumar Atul Kumar Sanjeev Prasad Chandra Shekhar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(27):21948-21959
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Contamination of environment and food from the prevalent spores and mycotoxins of Aspergillus niger has led to several diseases in humans and other... 相似文献
174.
Mishra Diptimayee Sahu Naresh Chandra Sahoo Dukhabandhu 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(2):575-584
Regional Environmental Change - The present study examines the climate sensitivity of the agricultural production of Odisha, a state at the east coast of India. The two climatic variables which... 相似文献
175.
A total of 20 soil samples were collected from mining and non-mining areas of coal field regions of Dhanbad, India. These samples were grown on different types of selective media and a total of 141 isolates, each having plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics were obtained. The isolates were further tested for PGP traits (phosphate solubilisation, production of indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and siderophores) and a biochemical analysis was done to determine the prevalent species of the region. All the strains selected showed at least two PGP characteristics, which indicated that they can be used as plant growth promoters. Bacillus and Pseudomonas species were prevalent in both mining and non-mining areas, whereas Rhizobium, Azospirillum and Azotobacter were found mostly in the non-mining area. A total of 48 Bacillus, 29 Pseudomonas, 4 Rhizobium, 11 Azospirillum and 10 Azotobacter species were obtained from the two selected regions. The soil samples from the mining region were poor in nutrient content and thus relatively lower numbers of PGP isolates were attained. 相似文献
176.
Mahamudur Islam Prakash Chandra Mishra Rajkishore Patel 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(9):1883-1891
A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of hydroxyapatite (HAP) towards removal of nitrate from synthetic nitrate solution. In the present research HAP synthesized from egg-shell was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA–DSC. The removal of nitrate was 96% under neutral conditions, using 0.3 g of adsorbent in 100 mL of nitrate solution having an initial concentration of 100 mg/L. An adsorption kinetic study revealed that the adsorption process followed first order kinetics. Adsorption data were fitted to a linearly transformed Langmuir isotherm with correlation coefficient (R2) > 0.98. Thermodynamic parameters were also calculated to study the effect of temperature on the removal process. In order to understand the adsorption type, equilibrium data were tested with the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm. The process was rapid and equilibrium was established within the first 40 min. 相似文献
177.
Forest structure and regeneration along the altitudinal gradient in the Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary,Uttarakhand Himalaya,India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Forest structure and regeneration were studied along the altitudinal gradient in the Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary of Uttarakhand
Himalaya in India. Stratified random sampling of tree species was done by placing minimum 15 quadrats of 10 × 10 m at each
aspect and altitude. The results reveal that along the altitudinal gradient there were three types of forest communities in
the Sanctuary viz., chir pine (Pinus roxburghii), oakchir pine (Quercus leucotrichophora and Pinus roxburghii) and oak (Quercus floribunda and Quercus leucotrichophora). Rhododendron arboreum, Cornus macrophylla and Lyonia ovalifolia were main associates of these forest communities. The oak forests had larger shrub population as compared to chir pine. Myrsine africana was the most dominant shrub across the altitudinal gradient, whereas few shrub species were restricted to a certain altitudinal
range. The regeneration of chir pine was best at lower altitude on south and east aspects, which indicates that it mostly
regenerates on warm and dry slopes. In general, the regeneration potential in most of the tree species declines with the altitude.
The density of saplings and seedlings also represented the dominant species at each altitudinal range, which indicates the
cyclic regeneration of forests in the Sanctuary area. 相似文献
178.
Nested numerical scheme in a polar coordinate shallow water model for the coast of Bangladesh 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study is concerned with the development of storm surge model to predict water level accurately due to surge associated with a cyclone along the coast of Bangladesh. Considering the funnel shape of the Bay of Bengal, coastal bending and the existence of off-shore islands, a vertically integrated model in cylindrical polar coordinate system is developed using nested numerical scheme. A fine mesh scheme capable of incorporating coastal bending and offshore islands properly in the numerical scheme is nested into a coarse mesh scheme covering up to 15° N latitude of the Bay of Bengal. The developed model is used to estimate water levels at different coastal and island stations associated with a few storms that hit the coast of Bangladesh. The computed surge levels compared well with observed ones and predicted surge levels investigated with different approaches. 相似文献
179.
Efforts were made to recycle sugar industry waste ‘press mud’ (PM) with an objective to ascertain the water-holding capacities
with monoculture vermireactor systems using Eisenia fetida (MVR1); Eudrilus eugeniae (MVR2); Megascolex megascolex (MVR3); and polyculture vermireactor systems using Eisenia fetida + Eudrilus eugeniae (PVR1); Eisenia fetida + Megascolex megascolex (PVR2); Eudrilus eugeniae + Megascolex megascolex (PVR3). The vermicompost harvested after 40 days was subjected to a standard Proctor compaction test by using 3 kg industry
soil and 200 g of vermicompost for each cycle of compaction up to seven cycles. The least dry density and highest water content
0.6, 170%; 0.66, 170%; 0.71, 170% and 0.52, 210%; 0.51, 180%; 0.71, 150% for vermicomposts of MVR3, MVR2, MVR1 and PVR3, PVR2,
PVR1, respectively. The monoculture reactor using Megascolex megascolex can hold 110–170% and polyculture vermireactor using indigenous Megascolex megascolex + Eudrilus eugeniae (PVR3) can hold 140–210% of water under experimental conditions. The species Megascolex megascolex used individually and in combinations with Eudrilus eugeniae are best suited for biodegradation of press mud, and composts derived are having increase water-holding capacities. The addition
of VC to the soil increases water-holding capacity and by maintaining evaporation losses to minimum as good adsorbent of atmospheric
moisture eventually helps in maintaining the ecology of hydrologic cycle. Increasing water-holding capacity is one of the
soil erosion control measures that influences soil productivity in both managed and natural ecosystems. 相似文献
180.
Chandra Mouli Pavuluri Kimitaka Kawamura Eri Tachibana T. Swaminathan 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(29):3597-3604
To better understand the origins of aerosol nitrogen, we measured concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and its isotope ratios (δ15N) in tropical Indian aerosols (PM10) collected from Chennai (13.04°N; 80.17°E) on day- and night-time basis in winter and summer 2007. We found high δ15N values (+15.7 to +31.2‰) of aerosol N (0.3–3.8 μg m?3), in which NH4+ is the major species (78%) with lesser contribution from NO3? (6%). Based on the comparison of δ15N in Chennai aerosols with those reported for atmospheric aerosols from mid-latitudes and for the particles emitted from point sources (including a laboratory study), as well as the δ15N ratios of cow-dung samples (this study), we found that the atmospheric aerosol N in Chennai has two major sources; animal excreta and bio-fuel/biomass burning from South and Southeast Asia. We demonstrate that a gas-to-particle conversion of NH3 to NH4HSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 and the subsequent exchange reaction between NH3 and NH4+ are responsible for the isotopic enrichment of 15N in aerosol nitrogen. 相似文献