Scenarios of major terrestrial ecosystems in China

The spatial pattern and mean-center shift of major terrestrial ecosystems, termed Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ), during the periods from 1961 to 1990 (T1), from 2010 to 2039 (T2), from 2040 to 2069 (T3) and from 2070 to 2099 (T4) were analyzed by combining the zonal patterns of climatic change in China and the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3. The results showed that nival area would decrease rapidly with temperature increase in the future. HadCM2 and HadCM3 predicted that the nival areas might disappear in 552 years and 204 years, respectively. Using both HadCM2 and HadCM3, the five HLZ types with the largest areal extent are nival zone, cool temperate moist forest, warm temperate moist forest, subtropical moist forest and boreal wet forest, which collectively account for more than 50% of China's land mass. Among these five HLZ types, nival zone, warm temperate moist forest and boreal wet forest would decrease continuously, whereas subtropical moist forest and cool temperate forest would increase continuously during the four periods. HLZ diversity and patch connectivity would increase continuously in the 21st century. The shift distances of mean centers of HLZ types simulated using HadCM3 were markedly greater than those simulated using HadCM2, in general. The results from both HadCM2 and HadCM3 showed that boreal wet forest, subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, warm temperate moist forest and subtropical wet forest had bigger shift ranges, indicating that these HLZ types are more sensitive to the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3.     

拟面积多波长数据线性双组合解析萘,1—萘酚和2—萘酚同步荧光光谱的研究

本文研究了Δλ（λｅｍ－λｅｘ）为１３０ｎｍ和ＰＨ１２．０条件下，萘、１－萘粉和２－萘酚混合物的同步荧光光谱，获三者同步荧光峰信息，且萘被完全分辨，另外，提出用拟面积多波长线性双组合计算解析重叠的１－萘酚和２－萘酚同步荧光光谱，解析结果的精密度、组份间浓度比范围均较多波长线性回归、双峰增配平和一阶导数解析混合物同步荧光光谱结果为优。     

松胞素B对人血淋巴细胞和CHL细胞微核率的影响

研究了不同浓度的松胞素Ｂ对人血淋巴细胞和中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞（ＣＨＬ）分裂吉周期和微核率的影响。结果表明,松胞素Ｂ浓度增高过高能引起细胞微核率增高。在本研究中,对ＣＨＬ细胞微核率试验以３μｇ／ｍＬ松胞素Ｂ较适合;而对人血淋巴细胞微核试验,松胞素Ｂ浓度以２－４μｇ／ｍＬ为宜,松胞表Ｂ浓度过高会提高微核背景值,降低试验的灵敏度和精确性。     

不同谷氨酸浓度下钝顶螺旋藻的生长反应

通过在Zarrouk培养基中添加不同浓度的谷氨酸（Glu）对螺旋藻进行混合营养培养，研究了不同浓度的Glu对螺旋藻的生长、叶绿素、蛋白质含量以及光合作用的影响，结果表明，Glu浓度小于1．0gL^-1时，藻生长状态、生理活性都明显优于Z氏培养基，其中以在0．8gL^-1浓度时生长最好；当Glu浓度为1．0gL^-1时，藻的生长状态与Z氏培养基中极为相似；Glu浓度大于1．0gL^-1时，对藻的生长产生一定抑制作用，Glu的添加对藻液体系的pH值有一定的缓冲作用，图4表2参7     

石材废水处理工程实例

介绍了石材废水集约化处理的一个成功实例,分析、总结了混凝沉淀法处理石材废水的可行性及注意事项,并通过比较得出石材废水集约化处理较分散治理具备明显优势的结论.     

Economic assessment of the negative impacts of ozone on crop yields and forest production. A case study of the estate Ostads Säteri in southwestern Sweden

Ground level ozone concentrations, in combination with the prevailing climate, at the estate Ostads S?teri in southwestern Sweden were estimated to reduce the yield of wheat and potato ranging between 5% and 10%. Occasionally, in years with the highest ozone concentrations and/or climatic conditions favoring high rates of ozone uptake to the leaves, yield loss levels above 10% may occur. Based on simple extrapolation, these ozone-induced reductions of crop yields at Ostads S?teri represent a potential total annual yield loss in Sweden in the range of 24.5 million Euro for wheat and 7.3 million Euro for potato, respectively. A simulation of forest growth at Ostad S?teri predicted that prevailing mean ozone exposure during 1993-2003 had the potential to reduce forest growth by 2.2% and the economic return of forest production by 2.6%. Using this value for extrapolation to the national level, the potential annual economic loss for Sweden due to negative impacts of ozone on forest production would be in the range of 56 million Euro (2004 prices).     

考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡失稳机制及稳定性评价∗

侧壁阻力作用下,顺层边坡主滑方向将偏离岩层倾向,其变形及失稳机制具有典型特征。以四川盆地马边河流域某顺层边坡为例,基于其工程地质条件,总结顺层边坡不同变形区域的特征,结合失稳边界条件研究了考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡失稳演化机制;最后,对比主滑方向偏离岩层倾向与否的受力差异,分析考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡三维稳定性,并研究了各影响因素的作用效应。结果表明：（1）考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡变形可划为失稳滑走区、滑坡区和稳定区,滑坡区包含滑动区和蠕滑变形区,滑动区岩体滑动后解体风化为碎、块石土,蠕滑变形区受侧壁阻力影响岩体仅变形拉裂;（2）顺层边坡经岩体劣化和前缘临空后,总体呈下部滑动、中部蠕滑拉裂的顺层临空-后退式破坏;滑动区边界受前缘及侧壁临空控制,长度与侧壁冲沟下切段长度相近;蠕滑变形区部分侧壁由节理面转化为挤压带,侧壁阻力增大,稳定性高于临界失稳状态;受侧壁阻力及滑体厚度控制,蠕滑变形区与稳定区界限处因滑体厚度削薄而拉裂;（3）建立了考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡稳定性系数计算式,以及岩层倾角δ、滑面倾角α、主滑方向偏离岩层倾向夹角β 三角度间的换算关系式,侧壁摩擦系数和β 越大,侧壁阻力越利于顺层边坡稳定。     

聚乙烯微塑料对盐渍化土壤微生物群落的影响

地膜覆盖保墒已成为盐渍化土壤种植中重要的农艺措施,而盐渍化与微塑料双重胁迫对土壤微生物的影响越来越受到重视.为探究聚乙烯微塑料对盐渍化土壤微生物群落的影响,通过室内模拟盐渍化土壤环境中微塑料污染的方法,探究不同类型（氯盐类和硫酸盐类）和不同含量（弱、中、强）的盐渍化土壤赋存不同丰度聚乙烯（PE）微塑料（土样干重的1%和4%）条件下对土壤微生物群落的影响.结果表明,PE微塑料会降低盐渍化土壤微生物群落多样性和丰富度,且硫酸盐类盐渍土处理受到的影响更强烈.赋存PE微塑料后不同处理微生物组成基本一致,但其相对丰度会发生变化,硫酸盐类盐渍土处理中各菌群相对丰度的变化较氯盐类盐渍土处理更强;门水平上,变形菌门相对丰度与赋存PE微塑料丰度呈正相关,而拟杆菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门相对丰度与赋存PE微塑料丰度呈负相关;科水平上,黄杆菌科、食碱菌科、盐单胞菌科和鞘脂单胞菌科相对丰度随赋存PE微塑料丰度增大而增大.KEGG代谢通路预测显示,赋存PE微塑料会降低微生物新陈代谢和遗传信息等功能相对丰度,硫酸盐类盐渍土对新陈代谢功能的抑制作用强于氯盐类盐渍土,而对遗传信息功能的抑制效果弱于氯盐类盐渍土;新陈代谢功能二级通道中氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢、能量代谢等功能受到抑制,推测新陈代谢功能的降低可能是由于上述二级代谢通路相对丰度降低引起的.试验结果可为微塑料和盐渍化双重污染条件下对土壤环境的影响研究提供理论依据.     

酚类化合物对不同组织细胞DNA损伤的研究

应用单细胞凝胶电泳技术 ,研究了酚类化合物对不同组织细胞DNA的损伤 .试验结果表明 ,酚类化合物均能引起不同组织细胞不同程度的DNA损伤 ,并呈现剂量效应关系 .其高剂量组与对照组相比 ,均有极显著性差异 (P <0 0 1 ) .不同组织细胞对同一种药物呈现出不同的敏感性 .酚类化合物遗传毒性效应与其结构密切相关     

悬浮填料生物膜工艺的研究进展

悬浮填料生物膜工艺又称为移动床生物膜反应器工艺，是上世纪90年代初迅猛发展起来的一种新型水处理工艺．它既可以作为独立的生物处理系统，也能够与活性污泥法组合以增加后者的处理效能，还可以作为中高浓度工业废水的生物预处理手段．本文总结了悬浮填料生物膜工艺的流体力学、生化动力学规律、悬浮填料的开发现状，探讨了此工艺在市政生活污水、工业废水、低污染物浓度的水处理领域的研究和应用进展．进一步开发高效、廉价的功能型悬浮填料，提高填料的有效比表面积，优化与确定工艺和运行参数，将推动悬浮填料生物膜工艺在我国的全面应用．图3表1参64