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491.
Xuebo Qin Nan Sun Lixin Ma Yingqiao Chang Liqiang Mu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):11094-11098
In order to examine whether the leaves of the Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens) are damaged or not by traffic pollution, the traits of the anatomy and physiology of its leaves are investigated by exposure to vehicle exhausts in a laboratory experiment lasting 30 days. The results show that both the anatomical structures and physiological traits of the leaves are significantly affected by vehicle exhausts. The anatomical structures, including epidermis, cuticle, palisade, and spongy parenchyma are modified when exposed to the high concentrations (≥0.4 mg/m3) of vehicle exhausts. However, physiological traits such as total chlorophyll content are not changed when exposed to different concentrations of vehicle exhaust. Unlike the total chlorophyll content, the electrical conductivities increased, whereas the POD activities decreased when presented in vehicle exhausts. The present study indicates that the Colorado blue spruce changes its anatomical structures and physiological traits to avoid possible damage by vehicle exhausts. 相似文献
492.
Rong Qin Huaning Zhang Shaoshan Li Wusheng Jiang Donghua Liu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):10736-10743
Results from our previous investigation indicated that Al could affect the nucleolus and induce extrusion of silver-staining nucleolar particles containing argyrophilic proteins from the nucleolus into the cytoplasm in root tip cells of Vicia faba L. So far, the nucleolar proteins involved have not been identified. It is well known that nucleophosmin (B23), nucleolin (C23), and fibrillarin are three major and multifunctional nucleolar proteins. Therefore, effects of Al on B23, C23, and fibrillarin in root tip cells of V. faba exposed to 100 μM Al for 48 h were observed and analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blotting. The results from this work demonstrated that after 100 μM of Al treatment for 48 h, B23 and C23 migrated from the nucleolus to the cytoplasm and fibrillarin from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm. In some cells, fibrillarin was present only in the cytoplasm. Western blotting data revealed higher expression of the three major nucleolar proteins in Al-treated roots compared with the control and that the B23 content increased markedly. These findings confirmed our previous observations. 相似文献
493.
Ahmad Mayyas Abdel Raouf Mayyas Ala Qattawi Qin Shen 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2014,7(3):200-213
The aim of this study is to develop a material selection framework structured around a knowledge-based system (KBS). Specifically, a hybrid data mining technique is employed to extract knowledge from large datasets using cluster analysis techniques; the mined knowledge then serves as the inference logic within the KBS designed for material selection purposes. Cluster analysis results are used as a basis for the tree-based structure of the KBS where if–then rules are developed based on the general cluster properties; that is, inference logic is structured in a way such that it can predict general sustainability characteristics of the material as well as its exact mechanical, cost and physical properties. To develop the structure of the KBS, the selection structure employs sustainable material indices. Additionally, the proposed material selection model of the KBS is purposefully composed of material sustainability, functionality and cost indices. The constructed knowledge is then demonstrated for selecting automobile structural panels. 相似文献
494.
水仙对多效唑比较敏感,无论浸泡法或叶面喷施法都具有明显的矮化效应,但当浓度≥200mg·l-1时又会产生药害,也有碍观赏;叶面喷施法对水仙矮化效应不如浸泡法,开花期亦迟10·15d;浸泡法的最佳处理浓度是50 mg·l-1;叶面喷施法以浓100-200mg·l-1效应最好,但此法费工费时,操作不便,生产上最好不采用。 相似文献
495.
Qin QZ Chen Y Fu TT Ding L Han LL Li JC 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(3):1533-1540
To understand electromagnetic radiation field strength and its influencing factors of certain 110-kV high-voltage lines in
one urban area of Chongqing by measuring 110-kV high-voltage line’s electromagnetic radiation level. According to the methodology
as determined by the National Hygienic Standards, we selected certain adjacent residential buildings, high-voltage lines along
a specific street and selected different distances around its vertical projection point as monitoring points. The levels of
electromagnetic radiations were measured respectively. In this investigation within the frequency of 5–1,000 Hz both the electric
field strength and magnetic field strength of each monitoring sites were lower than the public exposure standards as determined
by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. However, the electrical field strength on the roof adjacent
to the high-voltage lines was significantly higher than that as measured on the other floors in the same buildings (p < 0.05). The electromagnetic radiation measurements of different monitoring points, under the same high-voltage lines, showed
the location which is nearer the high-voltage line maintain a consistently higher level of radiation than the more distant
locations (p < 0.05). Electromagnetic radiation generated by high-voltage lines decreases proportionally to the distance from the lines.
The buildings can to some extent shield (or absorb) the electric fields generated by high-voltage lines nearby. The electromagnetic
radiation intensity near high-voltage lines may be mitigated or intensified by the manner in which the high-voltage lines
are set up, and it merits attention for the potential impact on human health. 相似文献
496.
Organochlorine pesticides in the dust fall around Lake Chaohu, the fifth largest lake in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hui-Ling Ouyang Qing-Mei Wang Wei He Ning Qin Xiang-Zhen Kong Wen-Xiu Liu Qi-Shuang He Yu-Jiao Jiang Chen Yang Bin Yang Fu-Liu Xu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(1):383-393
The residual levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the dust fall around Lake Chaohu were measured using gas chromatography mass spectrometry from April 2010 to March 2011. The fluxes, components, temporal–spatial variations, and sources of OCPs were also analyzed. Twenty-one types of OCPs were detected in the dust fall samples around Lake Chaohu, with a total concentration of 51.54?±?36.31 ng/g and a total flux of 10.01?±?13.69 ng/(m2 day). Aldrin (35.3 %), endosulfan (39.1 %), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) (49.8 %), and isodrin (37.1 %) were the major OCPs in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Both the residual level and the flux were higher in the spring than in other seasons and higher at the outer lake sampling sites than inner lake sampling site. The potential source of the hexachlorcyclohexanes in the dust fall may be recent lindane usage. The DDTs mainly came from historical dicofol usage, and a significant input of DDT was found during April and June. The presence of endosulfan may be due to the present use of technical endosulfan. The aldrin in the dust might be due to its occasional usage, and isodrin may be a result of long-distance transport from other countries. 相似文献
497.
Quantitative tolerance values for common stream benthic macroinvertebrates in the Yangtze River Delta,Eastern China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Chun-Yan Qin Jin Zhou Yong Cao Yong Zhang Robert M. Hughes Bei-Xin Wang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(9):5883-5895
Aquatic organisms’ tolerance to water pollution is widely used to monitor and assess freshwater ecosystem health. Tolerance values (TVs) estimated based on statistical analyses of species-environment relationships are more objective than those assigned by expert opinion. Region-specific TVs are the basis for developing accurate bioassessment metrics particularly in developing countries, where both aquatic biota and their responses to human disturbances have been poorly documented. We used principal component analysis to derive a synthetic gradient for four stressor variables (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, and % silt) based on 286 sampling sites in the Taihu Lake and Qiantang River basins (Yangtze River Delta), China. We used the scores of taxa on the first principal component (PC1), which explained 49.8 % of the variance, to estimate the tolerance values (TVr) of 163 macroinvertebrates taxa that were collected from at least 20 sites, 81 of which were not included in the Hilsenhoff TV lists (TVh) of 1987. All estimates were scaled into the range of 1–10 as in TVh. Of all the taxa with different TVs, 46.3 % of TVr were lower and 52.4 % were higher than TVh. TVr were significantly (p?<?0.01, Fig. 2), but weakly (r 2?=?0.34), correlated with TVh. Seven biotic metrics based on TVr were more strongly correlated with the main stressors and were more effective at discriminating references sites from impacted sites than those based on TVh. Our results highlight the importance of developing region-specific TVs for macroinvertebrate-based bioassessment and to facilitate assessment of streams in China, particularly in the Yangtze River Delta. 相似文献
498.
Shuling Song Xiaodong Ma Ling Tong Qin Tian Yi Huang Shaoquan Yin Hongbin Sun 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(9):7225-7229
Forty-eight human breast milk samples were collected from mothers in Beijing. The hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (including α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDT, and p,p′-DDT) contents of the samples were determined by gas chromatography/electron capture detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, and p,p′-DDT were detected at rates of 20, 100, 10, 100, 10, and 22 %, respectively. The average residue levels in the samples were 174.6 ng/g fat for β-HCH, 333.8 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDE, 6.57 ng/g fat for α-HCH, 7.67 ng/g fat for γ-HCH, 4.18 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDD, and 11.4 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDT. The results showed that the infants’ daily intake levels of HCH and DDT were 0.95 and 1.76 μg/kg body weight/day, respectively. Our result suggested that the total residue level of these organochlorine pesticides in breast milk from Beijing decreased and was lower than that from other coastal and heavy industrial cities in China. On the other hand, the levels of HCH and DDT were higher than those from some developed countries, but lower than those from other developing countries such as India. 相似文献
499.
500.