Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in South China maternal and fetal blood and breast milk

Twenty-one-paired human fetal and maternal serum and 27 breast milk samples at South China were analyzed for concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Seven PBDE congeners (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, and -183) were quantified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This is the first report to present the residue levels of PBDEs in human samples of China. The concentrations of total PBDEs ranged from 1.5 to 17 ng/g in the samples and were within the range reported in European samples for a similar population, but lower than human tissue levels in North America. BDE-47 and -153 were the dominant PBDE congeners in all samples and accounted for 60% of the total PBDEs. Further research is needed to determine the exposure route of PBDEs and their health effects.     

城市内城河污染如何进行点源排查及针对性治理的探讨

经济的高速发展,使人们的生活水平不断提高,从而对所生活的城市空间的要求也越来越高.内城河作为城市景观风貌和休闲空间的重要组成部分,近年来由于水体黑臭,表面脏物漂流,已成为群众投诉较多的社会热点问题,如何对内城河水体进行整治,是目前亟需解决的问题.以靖江市内城河渔婆港治理为例,探讨如何从河道沿线排查,以及根据排查情况提出具体的针对性治理措施,以此切实有效地处理群众反响较大的内城河污染,从根本上改善内城河周边环境,提升群众生活质量.     

大气扰动下人－机系统建模与仿真

建立了人、机、大气环境扰动的动力学模型。形成一个便于仿真计算的人－机－环境系统模型，针对驾驶员完成俯仰跟踪任务，研究了大气扰动对驾驶员控制特性和人－机闭环特性的影响。     

黑龙江省主要灾害与减灾战略初探

黑龙江省是全国受灾最重、损失最大的省份之一。本文对其40年来主要灾害—农业灾害、森林火灾、地震灾害、城市灾害作了概略的介绍,通过统计及其规律的探讨与分析,提出了未来10年灾害预测,并作出了减灾的战略目标和实施对策。     

HCR工艺在造纸废水治理中的应用

介绍了HCR工艺在造纸废水中的应用及其与传统活性污泥法相比所具有的优势 ,从中可以看出 ,HCR工艺在造纸废水及其他有机废水的治理中具有很广泛的应用前景     

TiO2纳米管的水热合成表征及其光催化性能研究

采用水热化学反应的方法制备了TiO2纳米管,并采用TEM、XRD等分析手段对TiO2纳米管的形貌和晶相进行了表征,对比了管与粉的光催化性能.结果表明,采用该方法制得的TiO2纳米管的管径小、管形均匀,TiO2纳米管的光催化性能明显高于TiO2纳米粉.     

Air pollution and health: correlation or causality? The case of the relationship between exposure to particles and cardiopulmonary mortality

Many epidemiologic studies have observed, in different contexts, a slight short-term relationship between particles in air and cardiopulmonary mortality, even when air quality standards were respected. The causality of this relationship is important to public health because of the number of people exposed. Our aim was to make a critical assessment of the arguments used in 15 reviews of published studies. We explain the importance of distinguishing validity from causality, and we systematically analyze the various criteria of judgment within the context of ecologic time studies. Our conclusion is that the observed relationship is valid and that most of the causality criteria are respected. It is hoped that the level of exposure of populations to these particles be reduced. In Europe, acting at the root of the problem, in particular on diesel emissions, will also enable the reduction of levels of other pollutants that can have an impact on health. In the United States, the situation is more complicated, as particles are mainly secondary. It is also essential to continue with research to become better acquainted with the determinants of personal global exposures and to better understand the toxic role of the various physicochemical factors of the particles.     

油气田环境保护与控制技术

如何控制和减少钻井、采油等作业过程中对环境的危害，一直是国内外众多科学家所研究的问题。介绍了一种从根本上解决和消除钻井、采油过程中对环境污染的油气田环境污染控制技术和各种废钻井液、钻屑、钻井废水及采油污水的处理方法。     

Enantioselective effects of imazethapyr residues on Arabidopsis thaliana metabolic profile and phyllosphere microbial communities

Imazethapyr (IM) is a widely used acetolactate synthase-inhibiting chiral herbicide. It has long-term residuals that may be absorbed by the human body through the edible parts of plants, such as vegetable leaves or fruits. Here, we selected a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, to determine the effects of R-IM and S-IM on its leaf structure, photosynthetic efficiency, and metabolites, as well as the structures of microorganisms in the phyllosphere, after 7 days of exposure. Our results indicated enantiomeric differences in plant growth between R-IM and S-IM; 133 µg/kg R-IM showed heavier inhibition of photosynthetic efficiency and greater changes to subcellular structure than S-IM. R-IM and S-IM also had different effects on metabolism and leaf microorganisms. S-IM mainly increased lipid compounds and decreased amino acids, while R-IM increased sugar accumulation. The relative abundance of Moraxellaceae human pathogenic bacteria was increased by R-IM treatment, indicating that R-IM treatment may increase leaf surface pathogenic bacteria. Our research provides a new perspective for evaluating the harmfulness of pesticide residues in soil, phyllosphere microbiome changes via the regulation of plant metabolism, and induced pathogenic bacterial accumulation risks.