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991.
Rhodobacter sp. NP25b菌株缺氧降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从城市污水处理厂活性污泥中分离得到一株能够在缺氧条件下以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPEOs)为惟一碳源和能源生长的菌株NP25b.经生理生化鉴定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,该菌株属于红细菌属(Rhodobacter sp.),对该菌株降解NPEOs的特性进行了研究.结果表明,在缺氧条件下,菌株NP25b在7 d内对初始底物浓度为400 mg/L NPEOs的降解率可达84%.利用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)对NPEOs降解中间产物进行了分析,结果表明,主要降解产物为短链NPEOs和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚乙酸(NPECs),其中包括具有较强内分泌干扰效应的NP1EO.该菌株能够代谢含有疏水基团的聚氧乙烯醚类表面活性剂,例如辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚.推测菌株NP25b降解NPEOs是通过乙氧基(EO)链末端氧化后逐步切割完成的. 相似文献
992.
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稳态条件下,采用厌氧折流板反应器(anaerobic baffled reactor,ABR)处理山梨酸废水并进行基质降解动力学研究.实验表明,在污泥负荷为0.54~1.63 kg COD/(kg VSS·d)的范围内,COD去除率随着负荷的增加从85%降到55%.各隔室出水COD沿程递减,前3个隔室承担了去除COD的重要作用,但随着污泥负荷的增加,后部承担的COD去除率比例增大.基于各串联隔室完全混合的假定,推导ABR中山梨酸废水的基质降解动力学方程,并通过实验确定相关动力学参数及相应的动力学方程.实测值与预测值基本吻合. 相似文献
995.
氧化镁基催化剂及脱硝性能研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为控制燃烧烟气中NOx的污染,对共混合方法制备的氧化镁基催化剂进行烟气直接催化分解法脱硝实验研究,分析模拟烟气脱硝塔内温度及床层高度及氧气浓度、NO浓度和空速对脱硝效率的影响.研究表明:氧化镁基催化剂可以采用直接催化分解法对烟气脱硝,脱硝率85%~95%,氧化镁基催化吸附剂组成为氧化镁、固化剂、添加剂;脱硝的床层高度4~5 cm,脱硝反应温度130~170℃,烟气空速2 500~3 000 h-1;研究推测出氧化镁基催化剂存在活性缺陷,并对脱硝机理进行了初步分析. 相似文献
996.
Environmental contaminants with estrogenic activity have recently attracted attention due to their potential detrimental effects on the reproduction of human and wildlife. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of endogenous glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes as biomarkers of exposure to landfill leachate effluent and bisphenol A (BPA) in the freshwater snail, Bellamya purificata. Following exposure to 1%, 5% and 10% landfill leachate effluent and 1, 10, 50 and 100mugl(-1) BPA for 0, 2, 7 and 15d, activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (SeGPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) and levels of total glutathione were measured in the gills and digestive glands of the snails. GST and total glutathione were the most sensitive parameters in both exposure scenarios. GST activities increased by about 80%, while total glutathione decreased to 70% and 80% in the gills and digestive glands, respectively. In contrast, SeGPx and GR activities remained at the same levels in all the treatment groups compared with those of controls. The results indicated that among glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes, GST activity and total glutathione level, which showed dose-dependent dynamics, could be used as biomarkers of aquatic ecosystems contaminated with landfill leachate. 相似文献
997.
A green-house study was conducted in late 2005 to investigate the aging behavior of p,p'-DDE in two types of soil, Hydragric Anthrosols (An) and Hydragric Acrisols (Ac), according to the World Reference Base (WRB) [FAO/ISRIC/ISSS. 1998. World reference base for soil resources. World soil resources reports, Rome. p. 87]. Paddy rice and dry rice were grown in submerged paddy soils and non-submerged upland soils, respectively. The concentration of extractable p,p'-DDE in fresh DDE-spiked soils was 746.2ngg(-1). During the first few weeks of the experiment, the extractability of p,p'-DDE became increasingly low as the aging period prolonged. However, certain amount of p,p'-DDE that had been captured by soil minerals and organic matter (OM) could be released and became extractable in the later period. The extractability of p,p'-DDE in submerged soils was significantly lower than that in non-submerged soil, because flooding could increase the binding of pollutants to soil particles. The plantation of both dry rice and paddy rice slowed down the aging process of p,p'-DDE. After one month's growth of rice, p,p'-DDE bound to soil particles was released and became extractable. The OM and silt content of An are higher than that of Ac, resulting in more bound residues and relative lower extractability of p,p'-DDE in An. In addition, the extractability of p,p'-DDE could be reduced by the addition of rice straw to soils. 相似文献
998.
Cadmium stress alters gene expression of DNA mismatch repair related genes in Arabidopsis seedlings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cadmium (Cd) is a non essential element, and is a widespread environmental pollutant. Exposure to Cd can result in a variety of adverse health effects in plant and humans. In the current study, Arabidopsis seedlings were used as a bio-indicator of Cd pollution. Seedlings were grown on MS media containing 0-6.0 mg L(-1) Cd for 18 days, and the gene expression patterns were used to link increased Cd exposure with progressive biological effects. Reduction of total soluble protein content in shoots of the Arabidopsis seedlings occurred with increase in Cd concentrations. For the gene expression patterns, seven genes known to be involved in cell division and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and normalized using 18S rRNA gene expression. Expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen 2 (atPCNA 2), MutS 3 homolog (atMSH 3) and MutL1 homolog (atMLH1) genes in shoots of Arabidopsis was strongly induced by exposure to 0.75 mg L(-1) Cd, but were repressed by other Cd concentrations whereas exposure to 0.75-6 mg L(-1) of Cd resulted in a decreased expression of atPCNA1, atMSH 2, 6 and 7 genes independently of any observable biological effects, including survival, fresh weight and chlorophyll level of shoots. This work demonstrated that specific gene expression changes could serve as useful molecular biomarkers indicative of Cd exposure and related biological effects. 相似文献
999.
计算机模拟研究UO2+2在人体细胞液的形态分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了由多种金属离子和小分子配体组成的多相细胞液热力学平衡模型.模拟研究了UO2 2在组织液和细胞液的形态分布及CO2-3、氨三乙酸(NTA)和乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)浓度对细胞液中UO2 2形态分布的影响.在组织液中,正常生理pH下,当各形态UO2 2总摩尔浓度 [U]= 1.0×10-6 mol/L 或[U]=1.0×10-3 mol/L时,UO2 2均主要以[UO2(CO3)3]4-和[UO2(CO3)2]2-形态存在.在细胞液中,当[U]=1.0×10-6 mol/L时,UO2 2主要以[UO2(CO3)3]4-和[UO2(CO3)2]2-存在;当[U]=1.0×10-3 mol/L,pH为6.0~6.8时,细胞液中存在大量的固相(UO2)3(PO4)2·4H2O,当pH为6.8~7.4时,UO2 2主要以[UO2(CO3)3]4-、[UO2(CO3)2]2-和[(UO2)2CO3(OH)3]-存在.细胞液中(UO2)3(PO4)2·4H2O含量随[U]升高而增加.通过调节细胞液pH和增加细胞液CO2-3浓度均能降低其固相UO2 2配合物含量.在细胞液中增加NTA会增加(UO2)3(PO4)2·4H2O含量,当添加EDTA时会显著降低(UO2)3(PO4)2·4H2O含量. 相似文献
1000.