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Chalov Sergey Thorslund Josefin Kasimov Nikolay Aybullatov Denis Ilyicheva Elena Karthe Daniel Kositsky Alexey Lychagin Mikhail Nittrouer Jeff Pavlov Maxim Pietron Jan Shinkareva Galina Tarasov Mikhail Garmaev Endon Akhtman Yosef Jarsjö Jerker 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(7):2039-2053
Regional Environmental Change - The protection of Lake Baikal and the planning of water management measures in the Selenga River Basin require a comprehensive understanding of the current state and... 相似文献
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Ecological relevance of associative learning in fruit fly larvae 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Reuven Dukas 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1999,45(3-4):195-200
A few invertebrate models have been used for studying neurobiological and molecular aspects of associative learning. The
ecological and evolutionary aspects of associative learning in these invertebrates are not yet well understood. To further
this knowledge, I tested fruit fly larvae for their ability to learn to associate odors with preferred environmental conditions.
The larvae learned to avoid odors associated with predation and to prefer odors associated with high-quality food, but failed
to learn about odors associated with optimal temperature. It appears that the larvae possess a general ability to evaluate
a suite of environmental parameters and associate preferred conditions with relevant stimuli.
Received: 6 May 1998 / Accepted after revision: 11 October 1998 相似文献
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Selecting food items and attaining a nutritionally balanced diet is an important challenge for all animals including humans. We aimed to establish fruit fly larvae (Drosophila melanogaster) as a simple yet powerful model system for examining the mechanisms of specific hunger and diet selection. In two lab experiments with artificial diets, we found that larvae deprived of either sucrose or protein later selectively fed on a diet providing the missing nutrient. When allowed to freely move between two adjacent food patches, larvae surprisingly preferred to settle on one patch containing yeast and ignored the patch providing sucrose. Moreover, when allowed to move freely between three patches, which provided either yeast only, sucrose only or a balanced mixture of yeast and sucrose, the majority of larvae settled on the yeast-plus-sucrose patch and about one third chose to feed on the yeast only food. While protein (yeast) is essential for development, we also quantified larval success on diets with or without sucrose and show that larvae develop faster on diets containing sucrose. Our data suggest that fruit fly larvae can quickly assess major nutrients in food and seek a diet providing a missing nutrient. The larvae, however, probably prefer to quickly dig into a single food substrate for enhanced protection over achieving an optimal diet. 相似文献