全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18319篇 |
免费 | 268篇 |
国内免费 | 153篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 568篇 |
废物处理 | 678篇 |
环保管理 | 2921篇 |
综合类 | 3326篇 |
基础理论 | 4543篇 |
环境理论 | 11篇 |
污染及防治 | 4404篇 |
评价与监测 | 1117篇 |
社会与环境 | 1015篇 |
灾害及防治 | 157篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 137篇 |
2021年 | 151篇 |
2020年 | 125篇 |
2019年 | 164篇 |
2018年 | 248篇 |
2017年 | 279篇 |
2016年 | 385篇 |
2015年 | 330篇 |
2014年 | 419篇 |
2013年 | 1587篇 |
2012年 | 572篇 |
2011年 | 752篇 |
2010年 | 608篇 |
2009年 | 677篇 |
2008年 | 773篇 |
2007年 | 793篇 |
2006年 | 741篇 |
2005年 | 588篇 |
2004年 | 559篇 |
2003年 | 581篇 |
2002年 | 509篇 |
2001年 | 594篇 |
2000年 | 466篇 |
1999年 | 263篇 |
1998年 | 236篇 |
1997年 | 213篇 |
1996年 | 244篇 |
1995年 | 257篇 |
1994年 | 233篇 |
1993年 | 245篇 |
1992年 | 248篇 |
1991年 | 215篇 |
1990年 | 222篇 |
1989年 | 190篇 |
1988年 | 173篇 |
1987年 | 146篇 |
1986年 | 175篇 |
1985年 | 184篇 |
1984年 | 181篇 |
1983年 | 184篇 |
1982年 | 187篇 |
1981年 | 192篇 |
1980年 | 177篇 |
1979年 | 162篇 |
1978年 | 126篇 |
1977年 | 130篇 |
1974年 | 116篇 |
1973年 | 96篇 |
1972年 | 116篇 |
1971年 | 92篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
D. F. Adams S. O. Farwell M. R. Pack E. Robinson 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1083-1089
Data are presented for the first systematic measurements of biogenic sulfur gas flux from the major soil orders within the eastern and southeastern United States. Sulfur flux samples were collected and analyzed on-site during the fall of 1977, spring and summer of 1978 and summer of 1979. A total of 27 sampling locales in 17 states were examined. Eight additional sites were visited in 1980. At some locales, two to four soils were examined, providing an even broader sampling of the soil orders. Three of the locales were revisited two or three times during the course of the study to establish the influence of seasonal climatology upon the measured emission rates and chemical composition of the sulfur flux mixtures. The sulfur gas enhancement of sulfur-free sweep air passing through dynamic emission flux chambers placed over selected sampling areas was determined by combined cryogenic enrichment sampling and wall-coated, open tubular, capillary column, cryogenic gas chromatography (WCOT/GC) using a sulfur selective, flame photometric detector (FPD). Sulfur gas mixtures varied with soil order, ambient temperature, insolation, soil moisture, cultivation, and vegetative cover. Statistical analyses indicated strong temperature and soil order relationships for sulfur emissions from soils. Fluxes ranged from 0.001 g to 1940 g of total sulfur as S/m2/yr. The calculated mean annual sulfur flux, weighted by soil order, was 0.03 g S/m2/yr for the study land area, or 110,872 metric tons (mT). The estimated annual average sulfur flux increased from 65 mT per 6400 km2 for the land grids in the northernmost east-west grid tier to an average 1800 mT for the land grids in the southern Florida grid tiers. This systematic sampling of major soils provides a much broader data base for estimating biogenic sulfur flux than previously reported for isolated intertidal sites, and presents the first sulfur flux estimates for inland soils which make up approximately 93% of the land of the eastern United States. 相似文献
942.
John E. Pinkerton 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1163-1168
A detailed study of the air quality permitting process for 65 different forest products industry projects requiring preconstruction permit approvals from EPA, state, and local air pollution control agencies was conducted. The projects included a wide array of sources including kraft recovery furnaces, lime kilns, fossil fuel and wood residue fired boilers, solid wood products manufacturing facilities, paper coaters, and printing presses. Information concerning the time involved in the permitting process, costs associated with obtaining the permits, use of air quality models and ambient monitoring data, emission control technology determinations, problem areas encountered during the permitting process, perceived benefits and drawbacks of the permitting process, and the effect of permitting requirements on project planning was obtained. The results indicate that certain permitting requirements such as Best Available Control Technology (BACT) determinations, dispersion modeling results, and use of ambient air quality monitoring data seldom influence the emission limitations ultimately imposed in the final approved permit, with 87% of the final emission limits equivalent to the applicable New Source Performance Standard (NSPS). The 65 permitting case histories also show that obtaining permits for projects subject to Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements takes approximately twice as long and costs twice as much as obtaining permits for projects not subject to PSD requirements. 相似文献
943.
Øystein Hov Richard G. Derwent 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1260-1267
In the OZIPP (ozone isopleth plotting package, developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency) a number of model specific assumptions with respect to chemical and physical processes are made. These assumptions are introduced into an alternative model developed at AERE Harwell, United Kingdom, in which a detailed chemistry and mixture of organic emissions is included. The impact on the AERE Harwell model results of the assumptions made in OZIPP of omitting ground removal of ozone (O3) and peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) and of employing an incomplete PAN chemistry and adopting a reaction rate coefficient of the key reaction NO + HO2 → NO2 + OH which is a factor 10 lower than the accepted value, are discussed. The composition of the organic emissions is an important model parameter, and it is shown how grouping of nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) emissions into a small group of NMHC thought to be representative, often implies that O3 and other pollutants are overestimated. The O3 isopleth diagram for London constructed using the AERE Harwell model gives a somewhat different picture from that obtained with OZIPP. OZIPP in general predicts that NOx control or combined hydrocarbon(HC) and NOx control is efficient with respect to O3 reduction whilst the AERE Harwell model predicts that HC control alone usually is more efficient than combined HC and NOx control. Furthermore NOx control alone may often increase the O3 burden downwind in the AERE Harwell model. 相似文献
944.
Douglas W. Dockery James H. Ware Benjamin G. Ferris Jr. Frank E. Speizer Nancy R. Cook Stanislaw M. Herman 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):937-942
Pulmonary function of approximately 200 school children in Steubenville, OH was measured before and immediately following air pollution alerts in the fall of 1978 and 1979. TSP concentrations exceeded the National Primary Ambient Air Quality 24 h standards in 1978. SO2 exceeded the standard in 1979. The children were then reexamined in three weekly visits following each alert. Estimated mean Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) was approximately 2% lower following each alert, although the lowest means were observed one to two weeks after the episodes. Forced Expired Volume in 0.75 sec (FEV0.75) did not change during the 1978 study, but was 4% lower immediately following the 1979 alert. The children were measured again in five weekly examinations in the spring and fall of 1980. Air pollution levels did not exceed the standards on either occasion. In the spring of 1980, estimated mean FVC and FEV0.75 showed a decline similar to that observed following the alerts in 1978 and 1979. In the fall of 1980, there were no significant differences in the estimated mean FVC or FEV0.75 between the examinations. A total of 335 children were tested in the four studies, including 194 who participated in more than one study. The evidence for each child from all the studies was combined in a regression analysis of pulmonary function on TSP and SO2 average concentrations in the previous 24 h. The distribution of the individual regression coefficients was centered significantly below zero, implying a decrease in pulmonary function with increasing TSP and SO2 concentrations. The magnitude of the median change was less than 1% of the mean FVC and FEV0.75 over the range of TSP and SO2 concentrations observed. 相似文献
945.
Richard W. Goodwin 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):986-989
The cost effective benefits of yielding a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) sludge predominantly composed of CaSO4·2H2O, have been previously established. The recovery of this material as FGD by-product gypsum has been demonstrated abroad. Recently U.S. wallboard manufacturers have recognized the viability of this recovery practice. Such techno-economic decision making variables as a) by-product specification, b) transportation costs, and c) location of suitable FGD systems enable the recognition of FGD by-product recovery. Recent investigations of resultant solids content and chloride washing reflect the technical possibility of delivering a suitable product. Commercial and economic factors favor recovery based upon rising disposal and transportation costs. Existing and near term proposed systems surface the technical and commercial problems faced by utilities considering recovery. Generation of an oxidized FGD sludge consisting of 90+% CaSO4·2H2O and dewatered to 80+% solids is technically achievable by air sparging within the FGD system. Although the product is suitable for land disposal, electric power utilities should consider and evaluate by-product recovery. U.S. wallboard manufacturers have established technical criteria for FGD by-product gypsum. Percent CaSO4·2H2O, final solids content, particle size, and chloride content are primarily technical parameters. Technology exists within the FGD industry to satisfy these criteria and results are discussed. Economic factors comparing mining costs, transportation costs, and disposal costs are developed for specific utility projects. Such comparison established generalized financial criteria for a given utility to develop the economic reasonableness of considering FGD byproduct recovery. End product user perspectives are presented providing electric utilities with a realistic appreciation for by-product recovery potential. Location of existing wallboard plants highlight potential recovery regions. Quality control problems are discussed in terms of generating a by-product rather than a disposable material. 相似文献
946.
Charles J. Weschler Stephen P. Kelty Joyce E. Lingousky 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):624-629
As part of an energy conservation program recently implemented by the Bell System, fans in many telephone equipment buildings now operate only when necessary to bring the temperature within allowable limits, rather than continuously. In the study reported here the effects of fan operation on indoor-outdoor dust relationships were monitored at 2 representative telephone offices. Automatic dichotomous samplers were used to collect fine and coarse aerosol particles inside telephone equipment buildings at Wichita, KS and Lubbock, TX. At both sites, outdoor samples (roof top) were collected at the same time as the indoor samples. During the tests the building fans were repetitively cycled between 2-week intervals of continuous fan operation and 2-week intervals of intermittent fan operation. The indoor dust concentrations typically increased when the fans were off. The results indicate that this increase was due to loss of constant filtration, but not due to loss of building pressurlzation (i.e., filtration of the recirculated air is largely responsible for the lower dust levels when the fans are running continuously). An expression is derived for the relative dust increase when the building fans are switched off. Among other factors, the relative increase is directly proportional to the efficiency of the building filters and to the rate at which air is recirculated through them. The present findings can be extended to similar buildings. 相似文献
947.
Robert E. Hall W. Marcus Cooke Rachael L. Barbour 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):683-687
Information presented in this paper is directed to individuals concerned with emissions from combustion of waste crankcase oil for space heating. Studies were performed to characterize gaseous and particulate emissions and vaporizing pot solid residues resulting from the combustion of waste crankcase oil. Two types of waste oil burners were tested. One was a vaporizing oil burner rated at 35.2 kW (120,000 Btu/h heat input), and the other was an air atomizing oil burner rated at 73.3 kW (250,000 Btu/h heat input). Except for NOX and SOX, gaseous emissions were similar to those from conventional distillate oil combustion. NOX and SOX emissions were higher due to higher fuel nitrogen and sulfur concentrations. Waste oil from automotive use showed higher inorganic levels than crankcase oil used for truck engine lubrication. Both burner types discharged high levels of metallic species, but the air atomizing unit had much higher stack emission levels than did the vaporizing pot system. Also, particulate loading levels were an order of magnitude higher for the air atomizing burner than for the vaporizing pot burner when firing the waste oils. However, the vaporizing pot burner generated a waste residue containing the majority of its elemental emissions. Elements which exceeded threshold limit values for one or both heaters were cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc. However, the nickel and much of chromium appeared to be a sampling artifact caused by the stainless steel sampling system. 相似文献
948.
G. B. Howe R. K. M. Jayanty A. V. Rao W. F. Gutknecht C. E. Decker D. J. von Lehmden 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):823-826
A repository of 38 gaseous organic compounds in compressed gas cylinders has been established by EPA. This repository was established to provide standards for source test performance audits, that is, quantitative quality assurance tests. Among these compounds are ten halogenated organic species, which are the focus of this paper. Stability studies of all ten compounds have been performed to determine the feasibility of using them as performance audit standards. Results indicate that all of the halocarbons tested are adequately stable to be used as reliable audit standards. Subsequent to completion of stability studies, four of the ten halocarbons were used in source test performance audits. Results are available at this time for two of the four compounds; the results show agreement within 10% of the concentrations previously established by Research Triangle Institute. 相似文献
949.
950.
H. E. Jeffries K. G. Sexton 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1087-1089